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Ревматоидный артрит и традиционные кардиоваскулярные факторы риска: актуальные аспекты реальной клинической практики
Ревматоидный артрит и традиционные кардиоваскулярные факторы риска: актуальные аспекты реальной клинической практики
Трухан Д.И., Иванова Д.С., Белус К.Д. Ревматоидный артрит и традиционные кардиоваскулярные факторы риска: актуальные аспекты реальной клинической практики. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (1): 19–25. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.1.200052
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Аннотация
Аннотация
Ревматоидный артрит – частое и одно из наиболее тяжелых иммуновоспалительных заболеваний человека, что определяет большое медицинское и социально-экономическое значение этой патологии. Одной из приоритетных проблем современной кардиоревматологии является повышенный риск сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при ревматоидном артрите. В представленном обзоре рассмотрены традиционные кардиоваскулярные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (метаболический синдром, ожирение, дислипидемия, артериальная гипертензия, инсулинорезистентность, сахарный диабет, курение и гиподинамия) и генетическая предрасположенность у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом, а также их специфические особенности: «липидный парадокс» и «парадокс ожирения». Отмечено, что традиционные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в определенной степени связаны и отягощены системным воспалительным процессом при ревматоидном артрите, однако эта связь предполагает проведение более подробного обзора. Взаимодействие ревматологов, кардиологов и врачей первого контакта (терапевта и врача общей практики) в изучении механизмов развития атеросклероза у больных ревматоидным артритом позволит в реальной клинической практике разработать адекватные методы своевременной диагностики и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом.
Ключевые слова: ревматоидный артрит, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, атеросклероз, традиционные факторы риска.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a frequent and one of the most severe immuno-inflammatory diseases in humans, which determines the great medical and socio-economic importance of this pathology. One of the priority problems of modern cardiac rheumatology is an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. This review discusses traditional cardiovascular risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (metabolic syndrome, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, smoking and hypodynamia) and a genetic predisposition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as their specific features: "lipid paradox" and "paradox of obesity." It was noted that traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are to some extent related and burdened by a systemic inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis, however, this relationship requires a more detailed review. The interaction of rheumatologists, cardiologists and first contact doctors (therapist and general practitioner) in studying the mechanisms of the development of atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis will allow in real clinical practice to develop adequate methods for the timely diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, traditional risk factors.
Ревматоидный артрит – частое и одно из наиболее тяжелых иммуновоспалительных заболеваний человека, что определяет большое медицинское и социально-экономическое значение этой патологии. Одной из приоритетных проблем современной кардиоревматологии является повышенный риск сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при ревматоидном артрите. В представленном обзоре рассмотрены традиционные кардиоваскулярные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (метаболический синдром, ожирение, дислипидемия, артериальная гипертензия, инсулинорезистентность, сахарный диабет, курение и гиподинамия) и генетическая предрасположенность у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом, а также их специфические особенности: «липидный парадокс» и «парадокс ожирения». Отмечено, что традиционные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в определенной степени связаны и отягощены системным воспалительным процессом при ревматоидном артрите, однако эта связь предполагает проведение более подробного обзора. Взаимодействие ревматологов, кардиологов и врачей первого контакта (терапевта и врача общей практики) в изучении механизмов развития атеросклероза у больных ревматоидным артритом позволит в реальной клинической практике разработать адекватные методы своевременной диагностики и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у пациентов с ревматоидным артритом.
Ключевые слова: ревматоидный артрит, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, атеросклероз, традиционные факторы риска.
________________________________________________
Rheumatoid arthritis is a frequent and one of the most severe immuno-inflammatory diseases in humans, which determines the great medical and socio-economic importance of this pathology. One of the priority problems of modern cardiac rheumatology is an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. This review discusses traditional cardiovascular risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (metabolic syndrome, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, smoking and hypodynamia) and a genetic predisposition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as their specific features: "lipid paradox" and "paradox of obesity." It was noted that traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are to some extent related and burdened by a systemic inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis, however, this relationship requires a more detailed review. The interaction of rheumatologists, cardiologists and first contact doctors (therapist and general practitioner) in studying the mechanisms of the development of atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis will allow in real clinical practice to develop adequate methods for the timely diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, traditional risk factors.
Характеристики
| Авторы | Д.И. Трухан / Д.С. Иванова / К.Д. Белус |
Полный текст
Список литературы
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75. Protogerou AD, Panagiotakos DB, Zampeli E et al. Arterial hypertension assessed "out-of-office" in a contemporary cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients free of cardiovascular disease is characterized by high prevalence, low awareness, poor control and increased vascular damage-associated "white coat" phenomenon. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15 (5): R142. DOI: 10.1186/ar4324
76. Шилкина Н.П., Юнонин И.Е., Бутусова С.В. и др. Повреждение эндотелия и суточный профиль артериального давления при ревматоидном артрите. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91 (5): 89–95. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000052
[Shilkina N.P., Yunonin I.E., Butusova S.V. et al. Endothelial damage and circadian blood pressure profile in rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic Archive. 2019; 91 (5): 86–95.
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77. De Groot L, Jager NA. Does reduction of disease activity improve early markers of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients? Rheumatology 2015; 54: 1257–61.
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78. Cohen Tervaert JW. Hypertension: an autoimmune disease? Hypertens Res 2011; 34 (4): 443–4.
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79. Новикова Д.С., Попкова Т.В., Насонов Е.Л. Артериальная гипертензия при ревматоидном артрите. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2011; 49 (3): 52–68. https://doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2011-574
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80. Chung CP, Oeser A, Solus JF et al. Inflammation-associated insulin resistance: differential effects in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus define potential mechanisms. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58 (7): 2105–12. DOI: 10.1002/art.23600
81. Ursini F, Russo E, D’Angelo S et al. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis: an OGTT study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95 (7): e2552. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002552
82. Ruscitti P, Ursini F, Cipriani P et al. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis: results from a cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96 (34): e7896. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007896
83. Pi H, Zhou H, Jin H et al. Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017: 9670434. DOI: 10.1155/2017/9670434
2. Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 2016; 388 (10055): 2023–38. DOI: 10.1016/S01406736 (16)30173-8
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6. López-Longo FJ, Oliver-Miñarro D, de la Torre I et al. Association between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and ischemic heart disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 61 (4): 419–24. DOI: 10.1002/art.24390
7. Berendsen MLT, van Maaren MC, Arts EEA et al. Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor as Risk Factors for 10-year Cardiovascular Morbidity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Large Inception Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2017; 44 (9): 1325–30. DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.160670
8. Mavrogeni S, Dimitroulas T, Bucciarelli-Ducci C et al. Rheumatoid arthritis: an autoimmune disease with female preponderance and cardiovascular risk equivalent to diabetes mellitus: role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2014; 13 (2): 81–93. DOI: 10.2174/1871528113666140131151522
9. Pujades-Rodriguez M, Duyx B, Thomas SL et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis and Incidence of Twelve Initial Presentations of Cardiovascular Disease: A Population Record-Linkage Cohort Study in England. PLoS One 2016; 11 (3): e0151245. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151245. eCollection 2016.
10. Urman A, Taklalsingh N, Sorrento C, McFarlane IM. Inflammation beyond the Joints: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cardiovascular Disease. Scifed J Cardiol 2018; 2 (3). pii: 1000019. https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6312687/
11. Avina-Zubieta JA, Thomas J, Sadatsafavi M et al. Risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71 (9): 1524–9. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200726
12. Popkova T.V., Novikova D.S., Nasonov E.L. Cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis: Latest data. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2016; 54 (2): 122–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-122-128 (in Russian).
13. Ruscitti P, Cipriani P, Masedu F et al. Increased Cardiovascular Events and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: 1 Year Prospective Single Centre Study. PLoS One 2017; 12 (1): e0170108. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170108. eCollection 2017.
14. Maradit-Kremers H, Crowson CS, Nicola PJ et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52 (2): 402–11. DOI: 10.1002/art.20853
15. Rawla P. Cardiac and vascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatologia 2019; 57 (1): 27–36. DOI: 10.5114/reum.2019.83236
16. Chung CP, Solus JF, Oeser A et al. A variant in the osteoprotegerin gene is associated with coronary atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a candidate gene study. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16 (2): 3885–94. DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023885
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DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem169
75. Protogerou AD, Panagiotakos DB, Zampeli E et al. Arterial hypertension assessed "out-of-office" in a contemporary cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients free of cardiovascular disease is characterized by high prevalence, low awareness, poor control and increased vascular damage-associated "white coat" phenomenon. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15 (5): R142. DOI: 10.1186/ar4324
76. Shilkina N.P., Yunonin I.E., Butusova S.V. et al. Endothelial damage and circadian blood pressure profile in rheumatoid arthritis. Therapeutic Archive. 2019; 91 (5): 86–95.
DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000052 (in Russian).
77. De Groot L, Jager NA. Does reduction of disease activity improve early markers of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients? Rheumatology 2015; 54: 1257–61.
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu459
78. Cohen Tervaert JW. Hypertension: an autoimmune disease? Hypertens Res 2011; 34 (4): 443–4.
DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.15
79. Novikova D.S., Popkova T.V., Nasonov E.L. Arterial hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2011; 49 (3): 52–68. https://doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2011-574 (in Russian).
80. Chung CP, Oeser A, Solus JF et al. Inflammation-associated insulin resistance: differential effects in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus define potential mechanisms. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58 (7): 2105–12. DOI: 10.1002/art.23600
81. Ursini F, Russo E, D’Angelo S et al. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis: an OGTT study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95 (7): e2552. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002552
82. Ruscitti P, Ursini F, Cipriani P et al. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis: results from a cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96 (34): e7896. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007896
83. Pi H, Zhou H, Jin H et al. Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017: 9670434. DOI: 10.1155/2017/9670434
[Clinical recommendations. Rheumatoid arthritis. Association of Rheumatologists of Russia. 2018 year. http://cr.rosminzdrav.ru/#!/recomend/173 (in Russian).]
2. Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 2016; 388 (10055): 2023–38. DOI: 10.1016/S01406736 (16)30173-8
3. Насонов Е.Л. Российские клинические рекомендации. Ревматология М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2017. https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970442616.html
[Nasonov EL. Russian clinical recommendations. Rheumatology Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2017. https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970442616.html (in Russian).]
4. Галушко Е.А., Насонов Е.Л. Распространенность ревматических заболеваний в России. Альманах клин. медицины. 2018; 46 (1): 32–9. DOI: 10.18786/2072-0505-2018-461-32-39
[Galushko E.A., Nasonov E.L. Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Russia. Al'manakh klin. meditsiny. 2018; 46 (1): 32–9. DOI: 10.18786/2072-0505-2018-461-32-39 (in Russian).]
5. Naranjo A, Sokka T, Descalzo MA et al; QUEST-RA Group. Cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the QUEST-RA study. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10 (2): R30. DOI: 10.1186/ar2383
6. López-Longo FJ, Oliver-Miñarro D, de la Torre I et al. Association between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and ischemic heart disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 61 (4): 419–24. DOI: 10.1002/art.24390
7. Berendsen MLT, van Maaren MC, Arts EEA et al. Anticyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor as Risk Factors for 10-year Cardiovascular Morbidity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Large Inception Cohort Study. J Rheumatol 2017; 44 (9): 1325–30. DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.160670
8. Mavrogeni S, Dimitroulas T, Bucciarelli-Ducci C et al. Rheumatoid arthritis: an autoimmune disease with female preponderance and cardiovascular risk equivalent to diabetes mellitus: role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2014; 13 (2): 81–93. DOI: 10.2174/1871528113666140131151522
9. Pujades-Rodriguez M, Duyx B, Thomas SL et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis and Incidence of Twelve Initial Presentations of Cardiovascular Disease: A Population Record-Linkage Cohort Study in England. PLoS One 2016; 11 (3): e0151245. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151245. eCollection 2016.
10. Urman A, Taklalsingh N, Sorrento C, McFarlane IM. Inflammation beyond the Joints: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cardiovascular Disease. Scifed J Cardiol 2018; 2 (3). pii: 1000019. https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6312687/
11. Avina-Zubieta JA, Thomas J, Sadatsafavi M et al. Risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71 (9): 1524–9. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200726
12. Попкова Т.В., Новикова Д.С., Насонов Е.Л. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания при ревматоидном артрите: новые данные. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2016; 54 (2): 122–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-122-128
[Popkova T.V., Novikova D.S., Nasonov E.L. Cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis: Latest data. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2016; 54 (2): 122–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-122-128 (in Russian).]
13. Ruscitti P, Cipriani P, Masedu F et al. Increased Cardiovascular Events and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: 1 Year Prospective Single Centre Study. PLoS One 2017; 12 (1): e0170108. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170108. eCollection 2017.
14. Maradit-Kremers H, Crowson CS, Nicola PJ et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52 (2): 402–11. DOI: 10.1002/art.20853
15. Rawla P. Cardiac and vascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatologia 2019; 57 (1): 27–36. DOI: 10.5114/reum.2019.83236
16. Chung CP, Solus JF, Oeser A et al. A variant in the osteoprotegerin gene is associated with coronary atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a candidate gene study. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16 (2): 3885–94. DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023885
17. Meyer PW, Anderson R, Ker JA, Ally MT. Rheumatoid arthritis and risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc J Afr 2018; 29 (5): 317–21. DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2018-018
18. Jagpal A, Navarro-Millán I. Cardiovascular co-morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review of risk factors, cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment. BMC Rheumatol 2018; 2: 10. DOI: 10.1186/s41927-018-0014-y. eCollection 2018.
19. Трухан Д.И., Викторова И.А. Нефрология. Эндокринология. Гематология. СПб.: СпецЛит, 2017. https://fictionbook.ru/author/d_i_truhan/nefrologiya_yendokrinologiya_gematologiya/
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20. Kuriya B, Schieir O, Valois MF et al; CATCH investigators.Prevalence and Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome Differ in Men and Women with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2019; 1 (9): 535–41. DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11075. eCollection 2019.
21. Kerekes G, Nurmohamed MT, González-Gay MA et al. Rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic syndrome. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2014; 10 (11): 691–6. DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.121
22. Sule S, Fontaine K. Metabolic syndrome in adults with a history of juvenile arthritis. Open Access Rheumatol 2018; 10: 67–72. DOI: 10.2147/OARRR.S157229. eCollection 2018.
23. De Assis MR, Serafim PA. Rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic syndrome. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed 2016; 56 (2): 93–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.02.015
24. Pandey PK, Swami A, Biswas TK, Thakuria R. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Treatment Naïve Rheumatoid Arthritis and Correlation With Disease Parameters. Arch Rheumatol 2016; 32 (1): 46–52. DOI: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2017.5949. eCollection 2017 Mar.
25. Hallajzadeh J, Safiri S, Mansournia MA et al. Metabolic syndrome and its components among rheumatoid arthritis patients: A comprehensive updated systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12 (3): e0170361. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170361. eCollection 2017.
26. Gomes KWP, Luz AJP, Felipe MRB et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients from Northeastern Brazil: Association with disease activity. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 28 (2): 258–63. DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2017.1316813
27. Özkul Ö, Yazıcı A, Aktürk AS et al. Are there any differences among psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in terms of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors? Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 6 (4): 174–8. DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19029
28. Zaragoza-García O, Navarro-Zarza JE, Maldonado-Anicacio JY et al. Hypertriglyceridaemic waist is associated with hyperuricaemia and metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13 (1): 722–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.053
29. Naidu G, Bhilave N, Sharma K et al. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Case Control Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India. J Assoc Physicians India 2019; 67 (7): 22–4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31559763
30. Akbal N, Aydin K, Tezcan ME. Metabolic syndrome is not uncommon in treatment-naïve rheumatoid arthritis patients. Neth J Med 2019; 77 (6): 204–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31391326
31. Medina G, Vera-Lastra O, Peralta-Amaro AL et al. Metabolic syndrome, autoimmunity and rheumatic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133: 277–88. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.009
32. Francisco V, Ruiz-Fernández C, Pino J et al. Linking metabolic syndrome, the immune system, and arthritic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165: 196–206. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.030
33. Batún-Garrido JAJ, Salas-Magaña M, Juárez-Rojop IE et al. Relationship between leptin concentrations and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 150 (9): 341–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.10.020
34. Batún-Garrido JAJ, Salas-Magaña M, Juárez-Rojop IE. Association between leptin and IL-6 concentrations with cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37 (3): 631–7. DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3897-x
35. Liao KP, Solomon DH. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation and cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 52 (1): 45–52. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes243
36. De Resende Guimarães MFB, Rodrigues CEM, Gomes KWP et al. High prevalence of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: association with disease activity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, a multi-center study. Adv Rheumatol 2019; 59 (1): 44. DOI: 10.1186/s42358-019-0089-1
37. Philippou E, Nikiphorou E. Are we really what we eat? Nutrition and its role in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17 (11): 1074–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.05.009
38. Kremers HM, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS et al. Prognostic importance of low body mass index in relation to cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50 (11): 3450–7. DOI: 10.1002/art.20612
39. Armstrong DJ, McCausland EM, Quinn AD, Wright GD. Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45 (6): 782. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel124
40. Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Panoulas VF et al. Associations of obesity with modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68 (2): 242–5. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.095596
41. Mankad R. Atherosclerotic vascular disease in the autoimmune rheumatologic patient. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2015; 17 (4): 497. DOI: 10.1007/s11883-015-0497-6
42. Sparks JA, Chang SC, Nguyen US et al. Weight Change During the Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Period and Risk of Subsequent Mortality in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Matched Comparators. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70 (1): 18–29. DOI: 10.1002/art.40346
43. Baker JF, Billig E, Michaud K et al. Weight Loss, the Obesity Paradox, and the Risk of Death in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67 (7): 1711–7. DOI: 10.1002/art.39136
44. Gonzalez A, Maradit Kremers H et al. The widening mortality gap between rheumatoid arthritis patients and the general population. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56 (11): 3583–7. DOI: 10.1002/art.22979
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62. Hollan I, Ronda N, Dessein P et al. Lipid management in rheumatoid arthritis: a position paper by the Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Working Group of European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2019. pii: pvz033. DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvz033
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12. Popkova T.V., Novikova D.S., Nasonov E.L. Cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis: Latest data. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2016; 54 (2): 122–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-122-128 (in Russian).
13. Ruscitti P, Cipriani P, Masedu F et al. Increased Cardiovascular Events and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: 1 Year Prospective Single Centre Study. PLoS One 2017; 12 (1): e0170108. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170108. eCollection 2017.
14. Maradit-Kremers H, Crowson CS, Nicola PJ et al. Increased unrecognized coronary heart disease and sudden deaths in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52 (2): 402–11. DOI: 10.1002/art.20853
15. Rawla P. Cardiac and vascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatologia 2019; 57 (1): 27–36. DOI: 10.5114/reum.2019.83236
16. Chung CP, Solus JF, Oeser A et al. A variant in the osteoprotegerin gene is associated with coronary atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a candidate gene study. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16 (2): 3885–94. DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023885
17. Meyer PW, Anderson R, Ker JA, Ally MT. Rheumatoid arthritis and risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc J Afr 2018; 29 (5): 317–21. DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2018-018
18. Jagpal A, Navarro-Millán I. Cardiovascular co-morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review of risk factors, cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment. BMC Rheumatol 2018; 2: 10. DOI: 10.1186/s41927-018-0014-y. eCollection 2018.
19. Trukhan D.I., Viktorova I.A. Nefrologija. Jendokrinologija. Gematologija. Saint Petersburg: SpecLit, 2017. https://fictionbook.ru/author/d_i_truhan/nefrologiya_yendokrinologiya_gematologiya/ (in Russian).
20. Kuriya B, Schieir O, Valois MF et al; CATCH investigators.Prevalence and Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome Differ in Men and Women with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2019; 1 (9): 535–41. DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11075. eCollection 2019.
21. Kerekes G, Nurmohamed MT, González-Gay MA et al. Rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic syndrome. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2014; 10 (11): 691–6. DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.121
22. Sule S, Fontaine K. Metabolic syndrome in adults with a history of juvenile arthritis. Open Access Rheumatol 2018; 10: 67–72. DOI: 10.2147/OARRR.S157229. eCollection 2018.
23. De Assis MR, Serafim PA. Rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic syndrome. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed 2016; 56 (2): 93–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.02.015
24. Pandey PK, Swami A, Biswas TK, Thakuria R. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Treatment Naïve Rheumatoid Arthritis and Correlation With Disease Parameters. Arch Rheumatol 2016; 32 (1): 46–52. DOI: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2017.5949. eCollection 2017 Mar.
25. Hallajzadeh J, Safiri S, Mansournia MA et al. Metabolic syndrome and its components among rheumatoid arthritis patients: A comprehensive updated systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12 (3): e0170361. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170361. eCollection 2017.
26. Gomes KWP, Luz AJP, Felipe MRB et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients from Northeastern Brazil: Association with disease activity. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 28 (2): 258–63. DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2017.1316813
27. Özkul Ö, Yazıcı A, Aktürk AS et al. Are there any differences among psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in terms of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors? Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 6 (4): 174–8. DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2019.19029
28. Zaragoza-García O, Navarro-Zarza JE, Maldonado-Anicacio JY et al. Hypertriglyceridaemic waist is associated with hyperuricaemia and metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13 (1): 722–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.053
29. Naidu G, Bhilave N, Sharma K et al. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Case Control Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India. J Assoc Physicians India 2019; 67 (7): 22–4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31559763
30. Akbal N, Aydin K, Tezcan ME. Metabolic syndrome is not uncommon in treatment-naïve rheumatoid arthritis patients. Neth J Med 2019; 77 (6): 204–9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31391326
31. Medina G, Vera-Lastra O, Peralta-Amaro AL et al. Metabolic syndrome, autoimmunity and rheumatic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133: 277–88. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.009
32. Francisco V, Ruiz-Fernández C, Pino J et al. Linking metabolic syndrome, the immune system, and arthritic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165: 196–206. DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.030
33. Batún-Garrido JAJ, Salas-Magaña M, Juárez-Rojop IE et al. Relationship between leptin concentrations and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 150 (9): 341–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.10.020
34. Batún-Garrido JAJ, Salas-Magaña M, Juárez-Rojop IE. Association between leptin and IL-6 concentrations with cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37 (3): 631–7. DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3897-x
35. Liao KP, Solomon DH. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation and cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 52 (1): 45–52. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes243
36. De Resende Guimarães MFB, Rodrigues CEM, Gomes KWP et al. High prevalence of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: association with disease activity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, a multi-center study. Adv Rheumatol 2019; 59 (1): 44. DOI: 10.1186/s42358-019-0089-1
37. Philippou E, Nikiphorou E. Are we really what we eat? Nutrition and its role in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17 (11): 1074–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.05.009
38. Kremers HM, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS et al. Prognostic importance of low body mass index in relation to cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50 (11): 3450–7. DOI: 10.1002/art.20612
39. Armstrong DJ, McCausland EM, Quinn AD, Wright GD. Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45 (6): 782. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel124
40. Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, Metsios GS, Panoulas VF et al. Associations of obesity with modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68 (2): 242–5. DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.095596
41. Mankad R. Atherosclerotic vascular disease in the autoimmune rheumatologic patient. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2015; 17 (4): 497. DOI: 10.1007/s11883-015-0497-6
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Авторы
Д.И. Трухан*, Д.С. Иванова, К.Д. Белус
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Омск, Россия
*dmitry_trukhan@mail.ru
Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
*dmitry_trukhan@mail.ru
ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Омск, Россия
*dmitry_trukhan@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
*dmitry_trukhan@mail.ru
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