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Сложные вопросы внутривенной тромболитической терапии при ишемическом инсульте
Сложные вопросы внутривенной тромболитической терапии при ишемическом инсульте
Кулеш А.А. Сложные вопросы внутривенной тромболитической терапии при ишемическом инсульте. Consilium Medicum. 2021;23(11):805–813. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.11.201143
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Аннотация
В статье отражены современные достижения в области реперфузионной терапии при ишемическом инсульте. Представлены данные, позволяющие практикующему неврологу принимать обоснованные решения о проведении внутривенного тромболизиса в сложных клинических ситуациях: малый инсульт, подозрение на «маску» инсульта, нетипичная клиническая картина, возраст пациента старше 80 лет, вертебробазилярный инсульт, изолированное головокружение, выраженный неврологический дефицит, окклюзия крупной артерии, хронические изменения при нейровизуализации, полиморбидность, низкий функциональный уровень до инсульта. Показано, что увеличение числа кандидатов на внутривенный тромболизис может достигаться интенсификацией отбора пациентов в рамках 4,5-часового терапевтического окна, что в первую очередь подразумевает оптимизацию внутрибольничных протоколов лечения инсульта с сокращением времени «от двери до иглы», а также, в ближайшей перспективе, расширением терапевтического окна. Обсуждены подходы к снижению риска симптомной геморрагической трансформации. Речь также идет о редком, но жизнеугрожающем осложнении – ангиоэдеме. Таким образом, интенсификация проведения внутривенного тромболизиса, а также повышение его эффективности и безопасности являются первостепенными задачами каждого инсультного отделения.
Ключевые слова: инсульт, внутривенный тромболизис, терапевтическое окно, эффективность, безопасность
Keywords: stroke, intravenous thrombolysis, therapeutic window, efficacy, safety
Ключевые слова: инсульт, внутривенный тромболизис, терапевтическое окно, эффективность, безопасность
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Keywords: stroke, intravenous thrombolysis, therapeutic window, efficacy, safety
Полный текст
Список литературы
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6. Brinster CJ, Sternbergh WC 3rd. Safety of urgent carotid endarterectomy following thrombolysis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2020;61(2):149-58.
DOI:10.23736/S0021-9509.20.11179-0
7. Barkova TV, Alasheev AM, Belkin AA, et al. The efficacy and safety of telethrombolysis in a newly opened stroke unit. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. Spetsvypuski. 2018;118(12-2):70-4 (in Russian)
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8. Berge E, Whiteley W, Audebert H, et al. European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines on intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Eur Stroke J. 2021;6(1):I-LXII. DOI:10.1177/2396987321989865
9. Moulin S, Leys D. Stroke mimics and chameleons. Curr Opin Neurol. 2019;32(1):54-9.
DOI:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000620
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11. Zinkstok SM, Engelter ST, Gensicke H, et al. Safety of thrombolysis in stroke mimics: results from a multicenter cohort study. Stroke. 2013;44(4):1080-4. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000126
12. Ali-Ahmed F, Federspiel JJ, Liang L, et al. Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Stroke Mimics. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2019;12(8):e005609. DOI:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.005609
13. Lees KR, Emberson J, Blackwell L, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaborators Group. Effects of Alteplase for Acute Stroke on the Distribution of Functional Outcomes: A Pooled Analysis of 9 Trials. Stroke. 2016;47(9):2373-9. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013644
14. Wang X, Robinson TG, Lee TH, et al.; Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED) Investigators. Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Alteplase for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Secondary Analysis of the ENCHANTED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(11):1328-35. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2286
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16. Fischer U, Baumgartner A, Arnold M, et al. What is a minor stroke? Stroke. 2010;41(4):661-6. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.572883
17. Khatri P, Conaway MR, Johnston KC; Acute Stroke Accurate Prediction Study (ASAP) Investigators. Ninety-day outcome rates of a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with mild ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2012;43(2):560-2. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.593897
18. Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1929-35. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60584-5
19. Romano JG, Smith EE, Liang L, et al. Outcomes in mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis: a retrospective analysis of the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke registry. JAMA Neurol. 2015;72(4):423-31. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.4354
20. Khatri P, Kleindorfer DO, Devlin T, et al.; PRISMS Investigators. Effect of Alteplase vs Aspirin on Functional Outcome for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and Minor Nondisabling Neurologic Deficits: The PRISMS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018;320(2):156-66. DOI:10.1001/jama.2018.8496
21. Inoa V, Aron AW, Staff I, et al. Lower NIH stroke scale scores are required to accurately predict a good prognosis in posterior circulation stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;37(4):251-5. DOI:10.1159/000358869
22. Sommer P, Seyfang L, Posekany A, et al. Prehospital and intra-hospital time delays in posterior circulation stroke: results from the Austrian Stroke Unit Registry. J Neurol. 2017;264(1):131-8. DOI:10.1007/s00415-016-8330-x
23. Olivato S, Nizzoli S, Cavazzuti M, et al. e-NIHSS: an Expanded National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Weighted for Anterior and Posterior Circulation Strokes. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;25(12):2953-7. DOI:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.011
24. Keselman B, Gdovinová Z, Jatuzis D, et al. Safety and Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Posterior Versus Anterior Circulation Stroke: Results From the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke Registry and Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2020;51(3):876-82. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027071
25. Dorňák T, Král M, Šaňák D, Kaňovský P. Intravenous Thrombolysis in Posterior Circulation Stroke. Front Neurol. 2019;10:417. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2019.00417
26. Кулеш А.А., Демин Д.А., Гусева А.Л., и др. Вестибулярное головокружение в неотложной неврологии. Российский неврологический журнал. 2021;26(4):50-9 [Kulesh AA, Demin DA, Guseva AL, et al. Vestibular vertigo in emergency neurology. Russian neurological journal. 2021;26(4):50-9 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.30629/2658-7947-2021-26-4-50-59
27. Machner B, Choi JH, Neumann A, et al. What guides decision-making on intravenous thrombolysis in acute vestibular syndrome and suspected ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation? J Neurol. 2021;268(1):249-64. DOI:10.1007/s00415-020-10134-9
28. Rostanski SK, Shahn Z, Elkind MSV, et al. Door-to-Needle Delays in Minor Stroke: A Causal Inference Approach. Stroke. 2017;48(7):1980-2. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017386
29. Demaerschalk BM, Kleindorfer DO, Adeoye OM, et al.; American Heart Association Stroke Council and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Scientific Rationale for the Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016;47(2):581-641. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000086
30. Seners P, Turc G, Maïer B, et al. Incidence and Predictors of Early Recanalization After Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2016;47(9):2409-12. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.014181
31. Sun H, Liu Y, Gong P, et al. Intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke with hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign: A meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2020;141(3):193-201. DOI:10.1111/ane.13177
32. Kharitonova TV, Melo TP, Andersen G, et al.; SITS investigators. Importance of cerebral artery recanalization in patients with stroke with and without neurological improvement after intravenous thrombolysis. Stroke. 2013;44(9):2513-8. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000048
33. Goyal M, Menon BK, van Zwam WH, et al.; HERMES collaborators. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet. 2016;387(10029):1723-31. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00163-X
34. Nogueira RG, Tsivgoulis G. Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes After the DIRECT-MT and SKIP Trials: Is the Alteplase Syringe Half Empty or Half Full? Stroke. 2020;51(10):3182-6.
DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030796
35. Yang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, et al.; DIRECT-MT Investigators. Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):1981-93. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2001123
36. Wang Y, Wu X, Zhu C, et al. Bridging Thrombolysis Achieved Better Outcomes Than Direct Thrombectomy After Large Vessel Occlusion: An Upd ated Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2021;52(1):356-65. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031477
37. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: 2019 Update to the 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2019;50(12):e344-e418. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000211
38. IST-3 collaborative group. Association between brain imaging signs, early and late outcomes, and response to intravenous alteplase after acute ischaemic stroke in the third International Stroke Trial (IST-3): secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(5):485-96. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00012-5
39. Huang S, Lu X, Tang LV, Hu Y. Efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in cancer patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Am J Transl Res. 2020;12(8):4795-806.
40. Gensicke H, Strbian D, Zinkstok SM, et al.; Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients (TriSP) Collaborators. Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients Dependent on the Daily Help of Others Before Stroke. Stroke. 2016;47(2):450-6. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011674
41. Nolte CH, Ebinger M, Scheitz JF, et al. Effects of Prehospital Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients With Prestroke Dependency. Stroke. 2018;49(3):646-51. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019060
42. Karlinski M, Kobayashi A, Czlonkowska A, et al.; Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke–Eastern Europe (SITS-EAST) Investigators. Role of preexisting disability in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2014;45(3):770-5. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003744
43. Meretoja A, Keshtkaran M, Saver JL, et al. Stroke thrombolysis: save a minute, save a day. Stroke. 2014;45(4):1053-8. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002910
44. Fonarow GC, Zhao X, Smith EE, et al. Door-to-needle times for tissue plasminogen activator administration and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke before and after a quality improvement initiative. JAMA. 2014;311(16):1632-40. DOI:10.1001/jama.2014.3203
45. Man S, Xian Y, Holmes DN, et al. Association Between Thrombolytic Door-to-Needle Time and 1-Year Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. JAMA. 2020;323(21):2170-84. DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.5697
46. Kamal N, Jeerakathil T, Stang J, et al.; QuICR Alberta Stroke Program. Provincial Door-to-Needle Improvement Initiative Results in Improved Patient Outcomes Across an Entire Population. Stroke. 2020;51(8):2339-46. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.029734
47. Kamal N, Smith EE, Jeerakathil T, Hill MD. Thrombolysis: Improving door-to-needle times for ischemic stroke treatment – A narrative review. Int J Stroke. 2018;13(3):268-76. DOI:10.1177/1747493017743060
48. Rimmele DL, Thomalla G. Wake-up stroke: clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and treatment option – an update. Front Neurol. 2014;5:35. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2014.00035
49. Campbell BCV, Ma H, Ringleb PA, et al.; EXTEND, ECASS-4, and EPITHET Investigators. Extending thrombolysis to 4.5–9 h and wake-up stroke using perfusion imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2019;394(10193):139-47. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31053-0
50. Thomalla G, Simonsen CZ, Boutitie F, et al.; WAKE-UP Investigators. MRI-Guided Thrombolysis for Stroke with Unknown Time of Onset. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(7):611-22. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1804355
51. Thomalla G, Boutitie F, Ma H, et al.; Evaluation of unknown Onset Stroke thrombolysis trials (EOS) investigators. Intravenous alteplase for stroke with unknown time of onset guided by advanced imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2020;396(10262):1574-84. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32163-2
52. Macha K, Hoelter P, Siedler G, et al. Multimodal CT or MRI for IV thrombolysis in ischemic stroke with unknown time of onset. Neurology. 2020;95(22):e2954-e2964. DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000011059
53. Wang W, Li M, Chen Q, Wang J. Hemorrhagic Transformation after Tissue Plasminogen Activator Reperfusion Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Models, and Biomarkers. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;52(3):1572-9. DOI:10.1007/s12035-014-8952-x
54. Jickling GC, Liu D, Stamova B, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke in animals and humans. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014;34(2):185-99. DOI:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.203
55. Yaghi S, Willey JZ, Cucchiara B, et al.; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Treatment and Outcome of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2017;48(12):e343-e361. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000152
56. Charbonnier G, Bonnet L, Biondi A, Moulin T. Intracranial Bleeding After Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol. 2021;11:629920. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2020.629920
57. Whiteley WN, Emberson J, Lees KR, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaboration. Risk of intracerebral haemorrhage with alteplase after acute ischaemic stroke: a secondary analysis of an individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(9):925-33. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30076-X
58. Lou M, Safdar A, Mehdiratta M, et al. The HAT Score: a simple grading scale for predicting hemorrhage after thrombolysis. Neurology. 2008;71(18):1417-23. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000330297.58334.dd
59. Sandse t EC, Anderson CS, Bath PM, et al. European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines on blood pressure management in acute ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage. Eur Stroke J. 2021;6(2):XLVIII-LXXXIX. DOI:10.1177/23969873211012133
60. Fröhlich K, Macha K, Gerner ST, et al. Angioedema in Stroke Patients With Thrombolysis. Stroke. 2019;50(7):1682-7. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.025260
61. Vigneron C, Lécluse A, Ronzière T, et al. Angioedema associated with thrombolysis for ischemic stroke: analysis of a case-control study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):702-10. DOI:10.1111/joim.12962
2. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(24):1581-7. DOI:10.1056/NEJM199512143332401
3. Albers GW, Marks MP, Kemp S, et al. Thrombectomy for Stroke at 6 to 16 Hours with Selection by Perfusion Imaging. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(8):708-18. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1713973
4. Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, et al. Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours after Stroke with a Mismatch between Deficit and Infarct. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(1):11-21.
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1706442
5. Grigoryan M, Haussen DC, Hassan AE, et al. Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Tandem Occlusions: Large Multicenter Series and Systematic Review. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;41(5‑6):306-12. DOI:10.1159/000444069
6. Brinster CJ, Sternbergh WC 3rd. Safety of urgent carotid endarterectomy following thrombolysis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2020;61(2):149-58.
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7. Баркова Т.В., Алашеев А.М., Белкин А.А., и др. Эффективность и безопасность телетромболизиса при открытии нового первичного сосудистого отделения. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2018;118(12-2):70-4 [Barkova TV, Alasheev AM, Belkin AA, et al. The efficacy and safety of telethrombolysis in a newly opened stroke unit. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. Spetsvypuski. 2018;118(12-2):70-4 (in Russian)].
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8. Berge E, Whiteley W, Audebert H, et al. European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines on intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Eur Stroke J. 2021;6(1):I-LXII. DOI:10.1177/2396987321989865
9. Moulin S, Leys D. Stroke mimics and chameleons. Curr Opin Neurol. 2019;32(1):54-9.
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10. Willenberg R, Leung B, Song S, et al. Munchausen Syndrome by Tissue Plasminogen Activator: Patients Seeking Thrombolytic Administration. Neurol Clin Pract. 2021;11(1):64-8. DOI:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000828
11. Zinkstok SM, Engelter ST, Gensicke H, et al. Safety of thrombolysis in stroke mimics: results from a multicenter cohort study. Stroke. 2013;44(4):1080-4. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000126
12. Ali-Ahmed F, Federspiel JJ, Liang L, et al. Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Stroke Mimics. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2019;12(8):e005609. DOI:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.005609
13. Lees KR, Emberson J, Blackwell L, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaborators Group. Effects of Alteplase for Acute Stroke on the Distribution of Functional Outcomes: A Pooled Analysis of 9 Trials. Stroke. 2016;47(9):2373-9. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.013644
14. Wang X, Robinson TG, Lee TH, et al.; Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED) Investigators. Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Alteplase for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Secondary Analysis of the ENCHANTED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2017;74(11):1328-35. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.2286
15. Arora R, Salamon E, Katz JM, et al. Use and Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients ≥90 Years of Age. Stroke. 2016;47(9):2347-54.
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16. Fischer U, Baumgartner A, Arnold M, et al. What is a minor stroke? Stroke. 2010;41(4):661-6. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.572883
17. Khatri P, Conaway MR, Johnston KC; Acute Stroke Accurate Prediction Study (ASAP) Investigators. Ninety-day outcome rates of a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with mild ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2012;43(2):560-2. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.593897
18. Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1929-35. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60584-5
19. Romano JG, Smith EE, Liang L, et al. Outcomes in mild acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis: a retrospective analysis of the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke registry. JAMA Neurol. 2015;72(4):423-31. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.4354
20. Khatri P, Kleindorfer DO, Devlin T, et al.; PRISMS Investigators. Effect of Alteplase vs Aspirin on Functional Outcome for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and Minor Nondisabling Neurologic Deficits: The PRISMS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018;320(2):156-66. DOI:10.1001/jama.2018.8496
21. Inoa V, Aron AW, Staff I, et al. Lower NIH stroke scale scores are required to accurately predict a good prognosis in posterior circulation stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;37(4):251-5. DOI:10.1159/000358869
22. Sommer P, Seyfang L, Posekany A, et al. Prehospital and intra-hospital time delays in posterior circulation stroke: results from the Austrian Stroke Unit Registry. J Neurol. 2017;264(1):131-8. DOI:10.1007/s00415-016-8330-x
23. Olivato S, Nizzoli S, Cavazzuti M, et al. e-NIHSS: an Expanded National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Weighted for Anterior and Posterior Circulation Strokes. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;25(12):2953-7. DOI:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.011
24. Keselman B, Gdovinová Z, Jatuzis D, et al. Safety and Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Posterior Versus Anterior Circulation Stroke: Results From the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke Registry and Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2020;51(3):876-82. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027071
25. Dorňák T, Král M, Šaňák D, Kaňovský P. Intravenous Thrombolysis in Posterior Circulation Stroke. Front Neurol. 2019;10:417. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2019.00417
26. Кулеш А.А., Демин Д.А., Гусева А.Л., и др. Вестибулярное головокружение в неотложной неврологии. Российский неврологический журнал. 2021;26(4):50-9 [Kulesh AA, Demin DA, Guseva AL, et al. Vestibular vertigo in emergency neurology. Russian neurological journal. 2021;26(4):50-9 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.30629/2658-7947-2021-26-4-50-59
27. Machner B, Choi JH, Neumann A, et al. What guides decision-making on intravenous thrombolysis in acute vestibular syndrome and suspected ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation? J Neurol. 2021;268(1):249-64. DOI:10.1007/s00415-020-10134-9
28. Rostanski SK, Shahn Z, Elkind MSV, et al. Door-to-Needle Delays in Minor Stroke: A Causal Inference Approach. Stroke. 2017;48(7):1980-2. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.017386
29. Demaerschalk BM, Kleindorfer DO, Adeoye OM, et al.; American Heart Association Stroke Council and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Scientific Rationale for the Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016;47(2):581-641. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000086
30. Seners P, Turc G, Maïer B, et al. Incidence and Predictors of Early Recanalization After Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2016;47(9):2409-12. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.014181
31. Sun H, Liu Y, Gong P, et al. Intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke with hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign: A meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2020;141(3):193-201. DOI:10.1111/ane.13177
32. Kharitonova TV, Melo TP, Andersen G, et al.; SITS investigators. Importance of cerebral artery recanalization in patients with stroke with and without neurological improvement after intravenous thrombolysis. Stroke. 2013;44(9):2513-8. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000048
33. Goyal M, Menon BK, van Zwam WH, et al.; HERMES collaborators. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet. 2016;387(10029):1723-31. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00163-X
34. Nogueira RG, Tsivgoulis G. Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes After the DIRECT-MT and SKIP Trials: Is the Alteplase Syringe Half Empty or Half Full? Stroke. 2020;51(10):3182-6.
DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030796
35. Yang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, et al.; DIRECT-MT Investigators. Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):1981-93. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2001123
36. Wang Y, Wu X, Zhu C, et al. Bridging Thrombolysis Achieved Better Outcomes Than Direct Thrombectomy After Large Vessel Occlusion: An Upd ated Meta-Analysis. Stroke. 2021;52(1):356-65. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.031477
37. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: 2019 Update to the 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2019;50(12):e344-e418. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000211
38. IST-3 collaborative group. Association between brain imaging signs, early and late outcomes, and response to intravenous alteplase after acute ischaemic stroke in the third International Stroke Trial (IST-3): secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(5):485-96. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00012-5
39. Huang S, Lu X, Tang LV, Hu Y. Efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in cancer patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Am J Transl Res. 2020;12(8):4795-806.
40. Gensicke H, Strbian D, Zinkstok SM, et al.; Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients (TriSP) Collaborators. Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients Dependent on the Daily Help of Others Before Stroke. Stroke. 2016;47(2):450-6. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011674
41. Nolte CH, Ebinger M, Scheitz JF, et al. Effects of Prehospital Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients With Prestroke Dependency. Stroke. 2018;49(3):646-51. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019060
42. Karlinski M, Kobayashi A, Czlonkowska A, et al.; Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke–Eastern Europe (SITS-EAST) Investigators. Role of preexisting disability in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2014;45(3):770-5. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003744
43. Meretoja A, Keshtkaran M, Saver JL, et al. Stroke thrombolysis: save a minute, save a day. Stroke. 2014;45(4):1053-8. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002910
44. Fonarow GC, Zhao X, Smith EE, et al. Door-to-needle times for tissue plasminogen activator administration and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke before and after a quality improvement initiative. JAMA. 2014;311(16):1632-40. DOI:10.1001/jama.2014.3203
45. Man S, Xian Y, Holmes DN, et al. Association Between Thrombolytic Door-to-Needle Time and 1-Year Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. JAMA. 2020;323(21):2170-84. DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.5697
46. Kamal N, Jeerakathil T, Stang J, et al.; QuICR Alberta Stroke Program. Provincial Door-to-Needle Improvement Initiative Results in Improved Patient Outcomes Across an Entire Population. Stroke. 2020;51(8):2339-46. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.029734
47. Kamal N, Smith EE, Jeerakathil T, Hill MD. Thrombolysis: Improving door-to-needle times for ischemic stroke treatment – A narrative review. Int J Stroke. 2018;13(3):268-76. DOI:10.1177/1747493017743060
48. Rimmele DL, Thomalla G. Wake-up stroke: clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and treatment option – an update. Front Neurol. 2014;5:35. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2014.00035
49. Campbell BCV, Ma H, Ringleb PA, et al.; EXTEND, ECASS-4, and EPITHET Investigators. Extending thrombolysis to 4.5–9 h and wake-up stroke using perfusion imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2019;394(10193):139-47. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31053-0
50. Thomalla G, Simonsen CZ, Boutitie F, et al.; WAKE-UP Investigators. MRI-Guided Thrombolysis for Stroke with Unknown Time of Onset. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(7):611-22. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1804355
51. Thomalla G, Boutitie F, Ma H, et al.; Evaluation of unknown Onset Stroke thrombolysis trials (EOS) investigators. Intravenous alteplase for stroke with unknown time of onset guided by advanced imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2020;396(10262):1574-84. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32163-2
52. Macha K, Hoelter P, Siedler G, et al. Multimodal CT or MRI for IV thrombolysis in ischemic stroke with unknown time of onset. Neurology. 2020;95(22):e2954-e2964. DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000011059
53. Wang W, Li M, Chen Q, Wang J. Hemorrhagic Transformation after Tissue Plasminogen Activator Reperfusion Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms, Models, and Biomarkers. Mol Neurobiol. 2015;52(3):1572-9. DOI:10.1007/s12035-014-8952-x
54. Jickling GC, Liu D, Stamova B, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke in animals and humans. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014;34(2):185-99. DOI:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.203
55. Yaghi S, Willey JZ, Cucchiara B, et al.; American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Treatment and Outcome of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2017;48(12):e343-e361. DOI:10.1161/STR.0000000000000152
56. Charbonnier G, Bonnet L, Biondi A, Moulin T. Intracranial Bleeding After Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol. 2021;11:629920. DOI:10.3389/fneur.2020.629920
57. Whiteley WN, Emberson J, Lees KR, et al.; Stroke Thrombolysis Trialists’ Collaboration. Risk of intracerebral haemorrhage with alteplase after acute ischaemic stroke: a secondary analysis of an individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(9):925-33. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30076-X
58. Lou M, Safdar A, Mehdiratta M, et al. The HAT Score: a simple grading scale for predicting hemorrhage after thrombolysis. Neurology. 2008;71(18):1417-23. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000330297.58334.dd
59. Sandse t EC, Anderson CS, Bath PM, et al. European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines on blood pressure management in acute ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage. Eur Stroke J. 2021;6(2):XLVIII-LXXXIX. DOI:10.1177/23969873211012133
60. Fröhlich K, Macha K, Gerner ST, et al. Angioedema in Stroke Patients With Thrombolysis. Stroke. 2019;50(7):1682-7. DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.025260
61. Vigneron C, Lécluse A, Ronzière T, et al. Angioedema associated with thrombolysis for ischemic stroke: analysis of a case-control study. J Intern Med. 2019;286(6):702-10. DOI:10.1111/joim.12962
________________________________________________
2. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(24):1581-7. DOI:10.1056/NEJM199512143332401
3. Albers GW, Marks MP, Kemp S, et al. Thrombectomy for Stroke at 6 to 16 Hours with Selection by Perfusion Imaging. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(8):708-18. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1713973
4. Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, et al. Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours after Stroke with a Mismatch between Deficit and Infarct. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(1):11-21.
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Авторы
А.А. Кулеш*
ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России, Пермь, Россия
*aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia
*aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com
ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России, Пермь, Россия
*aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com
________________________________________________
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia
*aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com
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