Вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с дискогенной пояснично-крестцовой радикулопатией
Вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с дискогенной пояснично-крестцовой радикулопатией
Прокопович В.С., Парфенов В.А. Вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с дискогенной пояснично-крестцовой радикулопатией. Consilium Medicum. 2021;23(11):829–833.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.11.201152
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Prokopovich VS, Parfenov VA. Issues of optimization of management of patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy. Consilium Medicum. 2021;23(11):829–833.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.11.201152
Вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с дискогенной пояснично-крестцовой радикулопатией
Прокопович В.С., Парфенов В.А. Вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с дискогенной пояснично-крестцовой радикулопатией. Consilium Medicum. 2021;23(11):829–833.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.11.201152
________________________________________________
Prokopovich VS, Parfenov VA. Issues of optimization of management of patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy. Consilium Medicum. 2021;23(11):829–833.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2021.11.201152
Обоснование. Дискогенная пояснично-крестцовая радикулопатия (ДПКР) встречается реже, чем поясничные скелетно-мышечные боли, но чаще сопровождается длительной инвалидностью. Для совершенствования ведения пациентов с ДПКР требуется изучение консервативного и хирургического ведения пациентов в реальной клинической практике. Цель. Оптимизация ведения пациентов, направленных на хирургическое лечение. Материалы и методы. Хирургическое лечение (микродискэктомию) в связи с неэффективностью консервативного ведения ДПКР перенесли 90 пациентов (33 мужчины, 57 женщин, средний возраст – 59,78±12 лет). Длительность заболевания до операции колебалась от 2 до 14 нед и составила в среднем 6±3 нед. Оценивались интенсивность боли по визуальной аналоговой шкале (ВАШ), нарушение жизнедеятельности по шкалам Освестри (ШО) и Роланда–Морриса (ШРМ) до операции, через 10 дней, 1, 3 и 6 мес после операции. Результаты. Пациенты не были информированы о благоприятном течении ДПКР, возможности естественного (без хирургического вмешательства) регресса грыжи диска, а также целесообразности сохранять все виды активности, избегать длительного постельного режима. После микродискэктомии через 10 дней отмечены значительное достоверное (р≤0,01) снижение боли с 7 (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 7–8) до 4 (95% ДИ 3–4) баллов по ВАШ и уменьшение нарушения жизнедеятельности с 13 (95% ДИ 12–16) до 9 (95% ДИ 7–11) баллов по ШРМ, с 63 (95% ДИ 61–65) до 32 (95% ДИ 30–34) % по ШО. Через 1, 3 и 6 мес наблюдались дальнейшее снижение боли [через 6 мес до 3 (95% ДИ 2–3) баллов по ВАШ] и уменьшение нарушения жизнедеятельности [через 6 мес до 5 (95% ДИ 4–7) баллов по ШРМ и до 18 (95% ДИ 17–19) % по ШО]. На снижение интенсивности боли через 6 мес после операции достоверно (р≤0,05) влияли исходная интенсивность боли по ВАШ и проведение кинезиотерапии после операции. На уменьшение нарушения жизнедеятельности по ШРМ через 6 мес достоверно (р≤0,05) влияли исходное нарушение жизнедеятельности по ШРМ и проведение кинезиотерапии после операции. Заключение. Пациенты с ДПКР должны быть информированы о благоприятном течении заболевания, возможности естественного (без хирургического вмешательства) регресса грыжи диска; после выполнения хирургического лечения целесообразна кинезиотерапия, способная улучшить функциональное восстановление пациентов.
Background. Discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy (DLSR) is less common than lumbar musculoskeletal pain, but more often accompanied by a long disabilities. To improve patient management with DLSR, the study of conservative and surgical management of patients in real clinical practice is required. Aim. Optimization of patient management aimed at surgical treatment. Materials and methods. Surgical treatment (microdiskectomy) due to the ineffectiveness of conservative DLSR was suffered by 90 patients (33 men, 57 women, average age – 59.78±12 years). The duration of the disease to operation ranged from 2 to 14 weeks and was an average of 6±3 weeks. The intensity of pain was evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS), disability on Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) before the operation, after 10 days, 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. Results. Patients were not informed about the favorable course of the DLSR, the possibilities of natural (without surgical intervention) of the regression of the disk hernia, as well as expediency to maintain all types of activity, avoid a long bed mode. After microdiskectomy after 10 days, significant reliable (p≤0.01) decrease in pain with 7 (95% confidence interval – CI 7–8) to 4 (95% CI 3–4) points for VAS and reduction of disability with 13 (95% CI 12–16) to 9 (95% CI 7–11) RMDQ points, from 63 (95% CI 61–65) to 32 (95% CI 30–34) % by ODI. After 1, 3 and 6 months, a further decrease in pain was observed [6 months to 3 (95% CI 2–3) points for VAS] and a decrease in disability [6 months to 5 (95% CI 4–7) points for RMDQ and up to 18 (95% CI 17–19) % on ODI]. To reduce the intensity of pain 6 months after the operation, it was significantly (p≤0.05) influenced the initial intensity of pain according to VAS and conducting kinesitherapy after the operation. To reduce the disability in RMDQ after 6 months, the initial disability in RMDQ and the conduct of kinesitherapy after surgery was significantly (p≤0.05) influenced. Conclusion. Patients with DLSR should be informed about the favorable course of the disease, the possibilities of natural (without surgical intervention) of the regression of the disc hernia; after performing surgical treatment, it is advisable to the kinesitherapy, capable of improving the functional recovery of patients.
Keywords: discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy, the hernia of the intervertebral disk, magnetic resonance tomography of the spine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, epidural administration of anesthetics and corticosteroids, anti-epileptic agents, kinesitherapy
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5. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines. Low Back Pain and Sciatica in Over 16s: Assessment and Management. 2016.
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9. Ассоциация нейрохирургов РФ. Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению грыж межпозвонковых дисков пояснично-крестцового отдела позвоночника. 2014. Режим доступа: http://www.mst.ru/information/manual/lumbar_disc_herniation.pdf. Ссылка активна на 30.08.2021 [Assotsiatsiia neirokhirurgov RF. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu gryzh mezhpozvonkovykh diskov poiasnichno-kresttsovogo otdela pozvonochnika. 2014. Available at: http://www.mst.ru/information/manual/lumbar_disc_herniation.pdf. Accessed: 30.08.2021 (in Russian)].
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12. Fernandez M, Hartvigsen J, Ferreira ML, et al. Advice to stay active or structured exercise in the management of sciatica: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015;40:1457-66. DOI:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001036
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16. Oosterhuis T, Costa LOP, Maher CG, et al. Rehabilitation after lumbar disc surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(3):CD003007. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003007.pub3
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24. Andersen SB, Birkelund R, Andersen M, et al. Factors Affecting Patient Decision-making on Surgery for Lumbar Disc Herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019;44(2):143-9. DOI:10.1097/BRS.0000000000002763
________________________________________________
1. Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V, et al.; Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians; American College of Physicians; American Pain Society Low Back Pain Guidelines Panel. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:478-91. DOI:10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006
2. Ropper AH, Zafonte RD. Sciatica. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1240-8. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra1410151
3. Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;386:743-800. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60692-4
4. Suri P, Rainville J, Hunter DJ, et al. Recurrence of radicular pain or back pain after nonsurgical treatment of symptomatic lumbar disk herniation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(4):690-5. DOI:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.11.028
5. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines. Low Back Pain and Sciatica in Over 16s: Assessment and Management. 2016.
6. Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, McLean RM, et al. Noninvasive Treatments for Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Low Back Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(7):514-30. DOI:10.7326/M16-2367
7. Stochkendahl MJ, Kjaer P, Hartvigsen J, et al. National Clinical Guidelines for non-surgical treatment of patients with recent onset low back pain or lumbar radiculopathy. Eur Spine J. 2018;27(1):60-75. DOI:10.1007/s00586-017-5099-2
8. Parfenov VA, Yakhno NN, Davydov OS, et al. Discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy. Recommendations of the Russian Association for the Study of Pain (RSSP). Neurology, neuropsychiatry, psychosomatics. 2020;12(4):15-24 (in Russian). DOI:10.14412/2074-2711-2020-4-15-24
9. Assotsiatsiia neirokhirurgov RF. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu gryzh mezhpozvonkovykh diskov poiasnichno-kresttsovogo otdela pozvonochnika. 2014. Available at: http://www.mst.ru/information/manual/lumbar_disc_herniation.pdf. Accessed: 30.08.2021 (in Russian)
10. Clark RBA, Weber RP, Kahwati L. Surgical Management of Lumbar Radiculopathy: a Systematic Review. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(3):855-64. DOI:10.1007/s11606-019-05476-8
11. Chou R, Deyo R, Friedly J, et al. Nonpharmacologic therapies for low back pain: a systematic review for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(7):493-505. DOI:10.7326/M16-2459
12. Fernandez M, Hartvigsen J, Ferreira ML, et al. Advice to stay active or structured exercise in the management of sciatica: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015;40:1457-66. DOI:10.1097/BRS.0000000000001036
13. Pinto RZ, Maher CG, Ferreira ML, et al. Drugs for relief of pain in patients with sciatica: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;344:e497. DOI:10.1136/bmj.e497
14. Chou R, Hashimoto R, Friedly J, et al. Epidural corticosteroid injections for radiculopathy and spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:373-81. DOI:10.7326/M15-0934
15. Jacobs WC, van Tulder M, Arts M, et al. Surgery versus conservative management of sciatica due to a lumbar herniated disc: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2011;20:513-22. DOI:10.1007/s00586-010-1603-7
16. Oosterhuis T, Costa LOP, Maher CG, et al. Rehabilitation after lumbar disc surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(3):CD003007. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003007.pub3
17. van Middelkoop M, Rubinstein SM, Verhagen AP, et al. Exercise therapy for chronic nonspecific low-back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010;24:193-204. DOI:10.1016/j.berh.2010.01.002
18. Malfliet A, Ickmans K, Huysmans E, et al. Best Evidence Rehabilitation for Chronic Pain Part 3: Low Back Pain. J Clin Med. 2019;8:1063. DOI:10.3390/jcm8071063
19. Rushton A, Heneghan NR, Heymans MW, et al. Clinical course of pain and disability following primary lumbar discectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2020;29(7):1660-70. DOI:10.1007/s00586-019-06272-y
20. den Boer JJ, Oostendorp RA, Beems T, et al. A systematic review of bio-psychosocial risk factors for an unfavourable outcome after lumbar disc surgery. Eur Spine J. 2006;15(5):527-36. DOI:10.1007/s00586-005-0910-x
21. Sabnis AB, Diwan AD. The timing of surgery in lumbar disc prolapse: a systematic review. Indian J Orthop. 2014;48(2):127-35. DOI:10.4103/0019-5413.128740
22. Schoenfeld AJ, Bono CM. Does surgical timing influence functional recovery after lumbar discectomy? A systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015;473:1963-70. DOI:10.1007/s11999-014-3505-1
23. Ivanova MA, Parfenov VA, Isaikin AO. Surgical and medical treatments for discogenic low back radiculopathy. Neurology, neuropsychiatry, psychosomatics. 2019;11(2S):40-5 (in Russian) DOI:10.14412/2074-2711-2019-2S-40-45
24. Andersen SB, Birkelund R, Andersen M, et al. Factors Affecting Patient Decision-making on Surgery for Lumbar Disc Herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019;44(2):143-9. DOI:10.1097/BRS.0000000000002763
Авторы
В.С. Прокопович*, В.А. Парфенов
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
*prokopovichvlad@yandex.ru
________________________________________________
Vladislav S. Prokopovich*, Vladimir A. Parfenov
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
*prokopovichvlad@yandex.ru