Дислипидемия. Барьеры на пути больного к выполнению врачебных рекомендаций

1. Шляхто Е.В., Баранова Е.И. Основные направления снижения сердечно-сосудистой смертности: что можно изменить уже сегодня? Российский кардиологический журнал. 2020;25(7):3983 [Shlyakhto EV, Baranova EV. Central directions for reducing cardiovascular mortality: what we can be changed today? Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(7):3983 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-39833
2. De Vera MA, Bhole V, Burns LC, Lacaille D. Impact of statin adherence on cardiovascular disease and mortality outcomes: systematic review. Brit J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78(4):684-98. DOI:10.1111/bcp.12339
3. Rodriguez F, Maron DJ, Knowles JW, et al. Association of Statin Adherence With Mortality in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(3):206-13. DOI:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4936
4. Guglielmi V, Bellia A, Pecchioli S, et al. Effectiveness of adherence to lipid lowering therapy on LDL-cholesterol in patients with very high cardiovascular risk: A real-world evidence study in primary care. Atherosclerosis. 2017;263:36-41. DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.018
5. Huber CA, Meyer MR, Steffel J, et al. Post-myocardial Infarction (MI) Care: Medication Adherence for Secondary Prevention After MI in a Large Real-world Population. Clin Ther. 2019;41(1):107-17. DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.11.012
6. Serban MC, Colantonio LD, Manthripragada AD, et al. Statin Intolerance and Risk of Coronary Heart Events and All-Cause Mortality Following Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(11):1386-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.036
7. Ежов М.В., Близнюк С.А., Алексеева И.А., Выгодин В.А. Распространенность гиперхолестеринемии и применение статинов в амбулаторной практике в Российской Федерации. Исследование АЙСБЕРГ – диагностирование пациентов с гиперхолестеринемией в условиях амбулаторной практики на раннем этапе с целью улучшения сердечно-сосудистого прогноза. Атеросклероз и дислипидемии. 2017;4(29):5-17 [Ezhov MV, Bliznyuk SA, Alekseeva IA, Vygodin VA. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and statins intake in the outpatient practice in the Russian Federation (Iceberg study). Ateroskleroz i dislipidemii. 2017;4(29):5-17 (in Russian)].
8. Dascalopoulou SS, Delahey JAC, Filion KB, et al. Discontinuation of statin therapy following an acute myocardial infarction: an population-based study. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(17):2083-91. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn346
9. Halava H, Huupponen R, Pentti J, et al. Predictors of first-year statin medication: A cohort study. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(4):987-95. DOI:10.1016/j/jacl.2016.04.010
10. Herttua K, Martikainen P, Batty GD, Kivimäki M. Poor Adherence to Statin and Antihypertensive Therapies as Risk Factors for Fatal Stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(13):1507-15. DOI:10.1016/jacc.2016.01.044
11. Переверзева К.Г., Якушин С.С., Лукьянов М.М., Драпкина О.М. Приверженность лечению пациентов в отдаленном периоде наблюдения после инфаркта миокарда (данные регистра РЕГАТА). Кардиология. 2020;60(10):66-72 [Pereverzeva KG, Yakushin SS, Loukianov MM, Drapkina OM. Adherence to the treatment of patients in the long-term supervision period after myocardial infarction (according to the REGATA register). Kardiologiia. 2020;60(10):66-72 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.18087/cardio.2020.10.n1264
12. Leslie KH, McCowan C, Pell JP. Adherence to cardiovascular medication: a review of systematic reviews. J Public Health (Oxf). 2019;41(1):e84-e94. DOI:10.1093/pubmed/fdy088
13. Lansberg P, Lee A, Lee ZV, et al. Nonadherence to statins: individualized intervention strategies outside the pill box. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2018;14:91-102. DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S158641
14. Giral P, Neumann A, Weill A, Coste J. Cardiovascular effect of discontinuing statins for primary prevention at the age of 75 years: a nationwide population-based cohort study in France. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(43):3516-25. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz458
15. Penson PE, Mancini GBJ, Toth PP, et al.; Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group & International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Introducing the ‘Drucebo’ effect in statin therapy: a systematic review of studies comparing reported rates of statin-associated muscle symptoms, under blinded and open-label conditions. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018;9(6):1023-33. DOI:10.1002/jcsm.12344
16. Devine F, Edwards T, Feldman SR. Barriers to treatment: describing them from a different perspective. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:129-33. DOI:10.2147/PPA.S147420
17. Choudhry NK, Avorn J, Glynn RJ, et al. Full coverage for preventive medications after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(22):2088-97. DOI:10.1056/NEJMsa1107913
18. Xu HY, Yu YJ, Zhang QH, et al. Tailored Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence for Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:510339. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2020.510339
19. Chiang CE, Ferrières J, Gotcheva NN, et al. Suboptimal Control of Lipid Levels: Results from 29 Countries Participating in the Centralized Pan-Regional Surveys on the Undertreatment of Hypercholesterolemia (CEPHEUS). J Atheroscler Thromb. 2016;23(5):567-87. DOI:10.5551/jat.31179
20. Boytsov S, Logunova N, Khomitskaya Y; CEPHEUS II investigators. Suboptimal control of lipid levels: results from the non‑interventional Centralized Pan‑Russian Survey of the Undertreatment of Hypercholesterolemia II (CEPHEUS II). Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):158. DOI:10.1186/s12933-017-0641-4
21. Choudhry NK, Isaac T, Lauffenburger JC, et al. Effect of a Remotely Delivered Tailored Multicomponent Approach to Entrance Medication Taking for patients With Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, and Diabetes. The STIC2IT Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(9):1182-9. DOI:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3189
22. Ference BA, Ginsberg HN, Graham I, et al. Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies. A consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(32):2459-72. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx144
23. Domanski MJ, Tian X, Wu CO, et al. Time Course of LDL Cholesterol Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Event Risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(13):1507-16. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.059
24. Ryou IS, Chang J, Son JS, et al. Association between CVDs and initiation and adherence to statin treatment in patients with newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemia: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2021;11:e045375. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045375
25. Шайдюк О.Ю., Кудинова М.А., Таратухин Е.О., Ромашенко О.В. Врач – лечит, а больной – лечится? Современные представления о приверженности к терапии пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2017;9:104-8 [Shaydyuk ОYu, Kudinova МА, Taratukhin ЕО, Romashenko ОV. Clinician – treats, and patient – being treated? Recent view on the treatment adherence in coronary heart disease setting. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2017;9:104-8 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2017-9-104-108
26. Nielsen SF, Nordestgaard BG. Negative statin-related news stories decrease statin persistence and increase myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(11):908-16. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv641
27. Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, et al. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients – the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2005;19(6):403-14. DOI:10.1007/s10557-005-5686-z
28. Banach M, Rizzo M, Toth PP, et al. Statin intolerance – an attempt at unified definition. Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Arch Med Sci. 2015;11(1):1-23. 
DOI:10.5114/aoms.2015.49807
29. Драпкина О.М., Чернова Е.М. Миопатия как побочный эффект терапии статинами: механизмы развития и перспективы лечения. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2015;11(1):96-101 [Drapkina OM, Chernova EM. Myopathy as a side effect of statin therapy: mechanisms of development and prospects for treatment. Rational pharmacotherapy in cardiology. 2015;11(1):96-101 (in Russian)].
30. Toth PP, Patti AM, Giglio RV, et al. Management of Statin Intolerance in 2018: Still More Questions Than Answers. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2018;18(3):157-73. DOI:10.1007/s40256-017-0259-7
31. Бубнова М.Г. Нежелательные эффекты терапии статинами: реальные доказательства. CardioСоматика. 2019;10(1):51-61 [Bubnova MG. Adverse effects of statin therapy: real evidence. Cardiosomatics. 2019;10(1):51-61 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/22217185.2019.1.190264
32. Зыков М.В. Проблема безопасности липидснижающей терапии. Кардиология. 
2019;59(5S):13-26 [Zykov MV. The problem of safety of lipid-lowering therapy. Kardiologiia. 2019;59(5S):13-26 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.18087/cardio.2505
33. Newman CB, Preiss D, Tobert JA, et al. Statin Safety and Associated Adverse Events: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019;39(2):e38-e81. DOI:10.1161/ATV.00000000000073
34. Buettner С, Davis RB, Leveille SG, et al. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and statin use. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(8):1182-6. DOI:10.1007/s11606-008-0636-7
35. Björnsson E, Jacobsen EI, Kalaitzakis E. Hepatotoxicity associated with statins: reports of idiosyncratic liver injury post-marketing. J Hepatol. 2012;56(2):374-80. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.07.023

________________________________________________

1. Shlyakhto EV, Baranova EV. Central directions for reducing cardiovascular mortality: what we can be changed today? Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(7):3983 (in Russian) DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2020-39833
2. De Vera MA, Bhole V, Burns LC, Lacaille D. Impact of statin adherence on cardiovascular disease and mortality outcomes: systematic review. Brit J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;78(4):684-98. DOI:10.1111/bcp.12339
3. Rodriguez F, Maron DJ, Knowles JW, et al. Association of Statin Adherence With Mortality in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(3):206-13. DOI:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4936
4. Guglielmi V, Bellia A, Pecchioli S, et al. Effectiveness of adherence to lipid lowering therapy on LDL-cholesterol in patients with very high cardiovascular risk: A real-world evidence study in primary care. Atherosclerosis. 2017;263:36-41. DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.018
5. Huber CA, Meyer MR, Steffel J, et al. Post-myocardial Infarction (MI) Care: Medication Adherence for Secondary Prevention After MI in a Large Real-world Population. Clin Ther. 2019;41(1):107-17. DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.11.012
6. Serban MC, Colantonio LD, Manthripragada AD, et al. Statin Intolerance and Risk of Coronary Heart Events and All-Cause Mortality Following Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(11):1386-95. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.036
7. Ezhov MV, Bliznyuk SA, Alekseeva IA, Vygodin VA. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and statins intake in the outpatient practice in the Russian Federation (Iceberg study). Ateroskleroz i dislipidemii. 2017;4(29):5-17 (in Russian)
8. Dascalopoulou SS, Delahey JAC, Filion KB, et al. Discontinuation of statin therapy following an acute myocardial infarction: an population-based study. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(17):2083-91. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn346
9. Halava H, Huupponen R, Pentti J, et al. Predictors of first-year statin medication: A cohort study. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(4):987-95. DOI:10.1016/j/jacl.2016.04.010
10. Herttua K, Martikainen P, Batty GD, Kivimäki M. Poor Adherence to Statin and Antihypertensive Therapies as Risk Factors for Fatal Stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(13):1507-15. DOI:10.1016/jacc.2016.01.044
11. Pereverzeva KG, Yakushin SS, Loukianov MM, Drapkina OM. Adherence to the treatment of patients in the long-term supervision period after myocardial infarction (according to the REGATA register). Kardiologiia. 2020;60(10):66-72 (in Russian) 
DOI:10.18087/cardio.2020.10.n1264
12. Leslie KH, McCowan C, Pell JP. Adherence to cardiovascular medication: a review of systematic reviews. J Public Health (Oxf). 2019;41(1):e84-e94. DOI:10.1093/pubmed/fdy088
13. Lansberg P, Lee A, Lee ZV, et al. Nonadherence to statins: individualized intervention strategies outside the pill box. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2018;14:91-102. DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S158641
14. Giral P, Neumann A, Weill A, Coste J. Cardiovascular effect of discontinuing statins for primary prevention at the age of 75 years: a nationwide population-based cohort study in France. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(43):3516-25. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz458
15. Penson PE, Mancini GBJ, Toth PP, et al.; Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group & International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Introducing the ‘Drucebo’ effect in statin therapy: a systematic review of studies comparing reported rates of statin-associated muscle symptoms, under blinded and open-label conditions. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018;9(6):1023-33. DOI:10.1002/jcsm.12344
16. Devine F, Edwards T, Feldman SR. Barriers to treatment: describing them from a different perspective. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:129-33. DOI:10.2147/PPA.S147420
17. Choudhry NK, Avorn J, Glynn RJ, et al. Full coverage for preventive medications after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(22):2088-97. DOI:10.1056/NEJMsa1107913
18. Xu HY, Yu YJ, Zhang QH, et al. Tailored Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence for Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:510339. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2020.510339
19. Chiang CE, Ferrières J, Gotcheva NN, et al. Suboptimal Control of Lipid Levels: Results from 29 Countries Participating in the Centralized Pan-Regional Surveys on the Undertreatment of Hypercholesterolemia (CEPHEUS). J Atheroscler Thromb. 2016;23(5):567-87. DOI:10.5551/jat.31179
20. Boytsov S, Logunova N, Khomitskaya Y; CEPHEUS II investigators. Suboptimal control of lipid levels: results from the non‑interventional Centralized Pan‑Russian Survey of the Undertreatment of Hypercholesterolemia II (CEPHEUS II). Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):158. DOI:10.1186/s12933-017-0641-4
21. Choudhry NK, Isaac T, Lauffenburger JC, et al. Effect of a Remotely Delivered Tailored Multicomponent Approach to Entrance Medication Taking for patients With Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, and Diabetes. The STIC2IT Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(9):1182-9. DOI:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3189
22. Ference BA, Ginsberg HN, Graham I, et al. Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 1. Evidence from genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical studies. A consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(32):2459-72. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx144
23. Domanski MJ, Tian X, Wu CO, et al. Time Course of LDL Cholesterol Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Event Risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(13):1507-16. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.059
24. Ryou IS, Chang J, Son JS, et al. Association between CVDs and initiation and adherence to statin treatment in patients with newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemia: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2021;11:e045375. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045375
25. Shaydyuk ОYu, Kudinova МА, Taratukhin ЕО, Romashenko ОV. Clinician – treats, and patient – being treated? Recent view on the treatment adherence in coronary heart disease setting. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2017;9:104-8 (in Russian) 
DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2017-9-104-108
26. Nielsen SF, Nordestgaard BG. Negative statin-related news stories decrease statin persistence and increase myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(11):908-16. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv641
27. Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, et al. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients – the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2005;19(6):403-14. DOI:10.1007/s10557-005-5686-z
28. Banach M, Rizzo M, Toth PP, et al. Statin intolerance – an attempt at unified definition. Position paper from an International Lipid Expert Panel. Arch Med Sci. 2015;11(1):1-23. 
DOI:10.5114/aoms.2015.49807
29. Drapkina OM, Chernova EM. Myopathy as a side effect of statin therapy: mechanisms of development and prospects for treatment. Rational pharmacotherapy in cardiology. 2015;11(1):96-101 (in Russian)
30. Toth PP, Patti AM, Giglio RV, et al. Management of Statin Intolerance in 2018: Still More Questions Than Answers. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2018;18(3):157-73. DOI:10.1007/s40256-017-0259-7
31. Bubnova MG. Adverse effects of statin therapy: real evidence. Cardiosomatics. 2019;10(1):51-61 (in Russian) DOI:10.26442/22217185.2019.1.190264
32. Zykov MV. The problem of safety of lipid-lowering therapy. Kardiologiia. 2019;59(5S):13-26 (in Russian) DOI:10.18087/cardio.2505
33. Newman CB, Preiss D, Tobert JA, et al. Statin Safety and Associated Adverse Events: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019;39(2):e38-e81. DOI:10.1161/ATV.00000000000073
34. Buettner С, Davis RB, Leveille SG, et al. Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and statin use. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(8):1182-6. DOI:10.1007/s11606-008-0636-7
35. Björnsson E, Jacobsen EI, Kalaitzakis E. Hepatotoxicity associated with statins: reports of idiosyncratic liver injury post-marketing. J Hepatol. 2012;56(2):374-80. DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.07.023

А.Б. Сумароков*

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*vokoramus@mail.ru

________________________________________________

Aleksander B. Sumarokov*

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
*vokoramus@mail.ru