К вопросу о низкой приверженности пациентов антигипертензивной терапии: применение терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга препаратов
К вопросу о низкой приверженности пациентов антигипертензивной терапии: применение терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга препаратов
Леонова М.В. К вопросу о низкой приверженности пациентов антигипертензивной терапии: применение терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга препаратов. Consilium Medicum. 2022;24(10):682–686.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.10.201872
Leonova MV. On the issue of low adherence of patients to antihypertensive therapy: the use of therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs: A review. Consilium Medicum. 2022;24(10):682–686.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.10.201872
К вопросу о низкой приверженности пациентов антигипертензивной терапии: применение терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга препаратов
Леонова М.В. К вопросу о низкой приверженности пациентов антигипертензивной терапии: применение терапевтического лекарственного мониторинга препаратов. Consilium Medicum. 2022;24(10):682–686.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.10.201872
Leonova MV. On the issue of low adherence of patients to antihypertensive therapy: the use of therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs: A review. Consilium Medicum. 2022;24(10):682–686.
DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.10.201872
Низкая приверженность пациентов антигипертензивной терапии остается актуальной проблемой и признается основной причиной недостаточного контроля артериального давления на популяционном уровне. В этой связи для повышения мотивации пациентов в клинической практике используются методы оценки приверженности (комплаенса) лекарственных средств. Наряду с непрямыми методами оценки (анкеты, самоотчеты, подсчет таблеток и пр.), которые, однако, не всегда отражают реальную картину приверженности пациентов, более объективным является измерение концентраций антигипертензивных препаратов (АГП) в физиологических жидкостях – терапевтический лекарственный мониторинг (ТЛМ). Для этих целей адаптированы методы высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с масс-спектрометрией, определены референсные диапазоны концентраций АГП в сыворотке крови и моче для стандартных доз препаратов, а также критерии оценки полного или частичного некомплаенса. Проведен ряд исследований с применением ТЛМ для оценки приверженности, в которых показаны высокая частота несоблюдения режима лечения (низкий комплаенс) – более чем 50% случаев с вариабельностью от 25 до 86,1%, причем полный некомплаенс – 10,1–34,5% – у пациентов с неконтролируемой и/или резистентной артериальной гипертензией – АГ (прием >3 АГП). В популяции пациентов с обычным течением АГ, принимающих 1–2 АГП, уровень некомплаенса по результатам ТЛМ не превышал 10%. Сопоставление метода ТЛМ с непрямыми методами оценки приверженности не выявило согласованности; при этом детекция АГП лучше характеризовала клинические проблемы пациентов с АГ. В клинической практике могут применяться прямые методы оценки (ТЛМ) для измерения приверженности проблемных пациентов, имеющих неконтролируемое течение АГ и высокий сердечно-сосудистый риск, несмотря на оптимальную терапию.
Low adherence of patients to antihypertensive therapy remains an urgent problem and is recognized as the main cause of insufficient BP control at the population level. In this regard, to increase the motivation of patients in clinical practice, methods for assessing adherence (compliance) to drugs. Along with indirect assessment methods (questionnaires, self-reports, pill counts, etc.), which, however, do not always reflect the real patient’s adherence, more objective is the measurement of antihypertensive drug concentrations in physiological fluids – therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). For these purposes, methods of high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry were recently adapted, reference ranges of antihypertensive drug concentrations in blood serum and urine for standard doses of drugs were determined, as well as criteria for assessing complete or partial non-compliance. There have been a number of studies using TDM to assess adherence, which show a high rate of non-compliance (low compliance) of more than 50% of cases with a variability from 25 to 86.1%, with complete non-compliance – 10.1–34.5% in patients with uncontrolled and/or resistant hypertension (>3 antihypertensive drug). In a population of patients with a normal course of hypertension, taking 1–2 antihypertensive drug, the level of non-compliance according to the results of TDM did not exceed 10%. Comparison of the TDM method with indirect methods of assessing adherence did not reveal consistency; at the same time, the detection of antihypertensive drug better characterized the clinical problems of patients with arterial hypertension. In clinical practice, direct assessment methods (TDM) can be used to measure adherence in problem patients with uncontrolled hypertension and high cardiovascular risk despite optimal therapy.
Keywords: arterial hypertension, adherence, compliance, antihypertensive drugs, therapeutic drug monitoring
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2. Burnier M, Egan BM. Adherence in hypertension. Circ Res. 2019;124(7):1124-40. DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313220
3. Eskås PA, Heimark S, Eek Mariampillai J, et al. Adherence to medication and drug monitoring in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Press. 2016;25(4):199-205. DOI:10.3109/08037051.2015.1121706
4. Durand H, Hayes P, Morrissey EC, et al. Medication adherence among patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2017;35(12):2346-57. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001502
5. Hamdidouche I, Jullien V, Boutouyrie P, et al. Drug adherence in hypertension: from methodological issues to cardiovascular outcomes. J Hypertens. 2017;35:1133-44. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001299
6. Brinker S, Pandey A, Ayers C, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring facilitates blood pressure control in resistant hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(8):834-5. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.067
7. Pandey A, Raza F, Velasco A, et al. Comparison of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with therapeutic drug monitoring in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2015;9(6):420-6.e2. DOI:10.1016/j.jash.2015.04.004
8. Brinker S, Pandey A, Ayers C, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring facilitates blood pressure control in resistant hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(8):834-5. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.067
9. Punt AM, Stienstra NA, van Kleef MEA, et al. Screening of cardiovascular agents in plasma with LC-MS/MS: a valuable tool for objective drug adherence assessment. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2019;1121:103-10. DOI:10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.05.013
10. Wagmann L, Vollmer AC, Lauder L, et al. Assessing adherence to antihypertensive medication by means of dose-dependent reference plasma soncentration ranges and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry analysis. Molecules. 2021;26(5):1495. DOI:10.3390/molecules26051495
11. Rognstad S, Søraas CL, Bergland OU, et al. Establishing serum reference ranges for antihypertensive drugs. Ther Drug Monit. 2020;43(1):116-25. DOI:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000806
12. Richter LHJ, Jacobs CM, Mahfoud F, et al. Development and application of a LC-HRMS/MS method for analyzing antihypertensive drugs in oral fluid for monitoring drug adherence. Anal Chim Acta. 2019;1070:69-79. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.026
13. Lauder L, Ewen S, Kunz M, et al. Adherence to antihypertensive drugs assessed by hyphenated high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of oral fluids. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(14):e014180. DOI:10.1161/JAHA.119.014180
14. Сeral J, Habrdova V, Vorisek V, et al. Difficult-to-control arterial hypertension or uncooperative patients? The assessment of serum antihypertensive drug levels to differentiate non-responsiveness from non-adherence to recommended therapy. Hypertens Res. 2011;34(1):87-90. DOI:10.1038/hr.2010.183
15. Jung O, Gechter JL, Wunder C, et al. Resistant hypertension? Assessment of adherence by toxicological urine analysis. J Hypertens. 2013;31(4):766-74. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e2286
16. Strauch B, Petrák O, Zelinka T, et al. Precise assessment of noncompliance with the antihypertensive therapy in patients with resistant hypertension using toxicological serum analysis. J Hypertens. 2013;31(12):2455-61. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283652c61
17. Tomaszewski M, White C, Patel P, et al. High rates of non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HP LC-MS/MS) urine analysis. Heart. 2014;100(11):855-61. DOI:10.1136/heartjnl-2013-305063
18. Florczak E, Tokarczyk B, Warchoł-Celińska E, et al. Assessment of adherence to treatment in patients with resistant hypertension using toxicological serum analysis. A subgroup evaluation of the RESIST-POL study. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2015;125(1-2):65-72. DOI:10.20452/pamw.2648
19. Gupta P, Patel P, Štrauch B, et al. Risk factors for nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment. Hypertension. 2017;69(6):1113-20. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08729
20. Lawson AJ, Hameed MA, Brown R, et al. Nonadherence to antihypertensive medications is related to pill burden in apparent treatment-resistant hypertensive individuals. J Hypertens. 2020;38(6):1165-73. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002398
21. Hamdidouche I, Jullien V, Boutouyrie P, et al. Routine urinary detection of antihypertensive drugs for systematic evaluation of adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens. 2017;35(9):18918. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001402
22. Bergland OU, Halvorsen LV, Søraas CL, et al. Detection of nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment by measurements of serum drug concentrations. Hypertension. 2021;78(3):617-28. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17514
23. Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, Ward HJ. Predictive Validity of a Medication Adherence Measure in an Outpatient Setting. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10:348-54. DOI:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x
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1. Poulter NR, Borghi C, Parati G, et al. Medication adherence in hypertension. J Hypertens. 2020;38(4):579-87. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002294
2. Burnier M, Egan BM. Adherence in hypertension. Circ Res. 2019;124(7):1124-40. DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313220
3. Eskås PA, Heimark S, Eek Mariampillai J, et al. Adherence to medication and drug monitoring in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Blood Press. 2016;25(4):199-205. DOI:10.3109/08037051.2015.1121706
4. Durand H, Hayes P, Morrissey EC, et al. Medication adherence among patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2017;35(12):2346-57. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001502
5. Hamdidouche I, Jullien V, Boutouyrie P, et al. Drug adherence in hypertension: from methodological issues to cardiovascular outcomes. J Hypertens. 2017;35:1133-44. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001299
6. Brinker S, Pandey A, Ayers C, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring facilitates blood pressure control in resistant hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(8):834-5. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.067
7. Pandey A, Raza F, Velasco A, et al. Comparison of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with therapeutic drug monitoring in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2015;9(6):420-6.e2. DOI:10.1016/j.jash.2015.04.004
8. Brinker S, Pandey A, Ayers C, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring facilitates blood pressure control in resistant hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(8):834-5. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.067
9. Punt AM, Stienstra NA, van Kleef MEA, et al. Screening of cardiovascular agents in plasma with LC-MS/MS: a valuable tool for objective drug adherence assessment. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2019;1121:103-10. DOI:10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.05.013
10. Wagmann L, Vollmer AC, Lauder L, et al. Assessing adherence to antihypertensive medication by means of dose-dependent reference plasma soncentration ranges and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry analysis. Molecules. 2021;26(5):1495. DOI:10.3390/molecules26051495
11. Rognstad S, Søraas CL, Bergland OU, et al. Establishing serum reference ranges for antihypertensive drugs. Ther Drug Monit. 2020;43(1):116-25. DOI:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000806
12. Richter LHJ, Jacobs CM, Mahfoud F, et al. Development and application of a LC-HRMS/MS method for analyzing antihypertensive drugs in oral fluid for monitoring drug adherence. Anal Chim Acta. 2019;1070:69-79. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.026
13. Lauder L, Ewen S, Kunz M, et al. Adherence to antihypertensive drugs assessed by hyphenated high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of oral fluids. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(14):e014180. DOI:10.1161/JAHA.119.014180
14. Сeral J, Habrdova V, Vorisek V, et al. Difficult-to-control arterial hypertension or uncooperative patients? The assessment of serum antihypertensive drug levels to differentiate non-responsiveness from non-adherence to recommended therapy. Hypertens Res. 2011;34(1):87-90. DOI:10.1038/hr.2010.183
15. Jung O, Gechter JL, Wunder C, et al. Resistant hypertension? Assessment of adherence by toxicological urine analysis. J Hypertens. 2013;31(4):766-74. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e2286
16. Strauch B, Petrák O, Zelinka T, et al. Precise assessment of noncompliance with the antihypertensive therapy in patients with resistant hypertension using toxicological serum analysis. J Hypertens. 2013;31(12):2455-61. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283652c61
17. Tomaszewski M, White C, Patel P, et al. High rates of non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HP LC-MS/MS) urine analysis. Heart. 2014;100(11):855-61. DOI:10.1136/heartjnl-2013-305063
18. Florczak E, Tokarczyk B, Warchoł-Celińska E, et al. Assessment of adherence to treatment in patients with resistant hypertension using toxicological serum analysis. A subgroup evaluation of the RESIST-POL study. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2015;125(1-2):65-72. DOI:10.20452/pamw.2648
19. Gupta P, Patel P, Štrauch B, et al. Risk factors for nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment. Hypertension. 2017;69(6):1113-20. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08729
20. Lawson AJ, Hameed MA, Brown R, et al. Nonadherence to antihypertensive medications is related to pill burden in apparent treatment-resistant hypertensive individuals. J Hypertens. 2020;38(6):1165-73. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002398
21. Hamdidouche I, Jullien V, Boutouyrie P, et al. Routine urinary detection of antihypertensive drugs for systematic evaluation of adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens. 2017;35(9):18918. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001402
22. Bergland OU, Halvorsen LV, Søraas CL, et al. Detection of nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment by measurements of serum drug concentrations. Hypertension. 2021;78(3):617-28. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17514
23. Morisky DE, Ang A, Krousel-Wood M, Ward HJ. Predictive Validity of a Medication Adherence Measure in an Outpatient Setting. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10:348-54. DOI:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2008.07572.x
Авторы
М.В. Леонова*
МОО «Ассоциация клинических фармакологов», Волгоград, Россия
*anti23@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Marina V. Leonova*
Association of Clinical Pharmacologists, Volgograd, Russia
*anti23@mail.ru