1. Moodley P, Sturm AW. Sexually transmitted infections, adverse pregnancy outcome and neonatal infection. Semin Neonatol 2000; 5: 255–69.
2. Parratt JR, Hay DP. Sexually transmitted infections. Current Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003; 13: 224–31.
3. MacLean AB. Urinary tract infection in pregnancy. Int J Antimicrob Ag 2001; 17: 273–7.
4. Ogura JM, Francois KE, Perlow JH, Elliott JP. Complications associated with peripherally inserted central catheter use during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 1223–5.
5. Чилова Р.Я., Ищенко А.И., Рафальский В.В. Особенности применения антимикробных препаратов при беременности. Клин. микробиол. антимикроб. химиотер., 2005; 7 (1): 77–89.
6. Andrade SE, Gurwitz JH, Davis RL et al. Prescription drug use in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 191: 398–407.
7. Headley J, Northstone K, Simmons H, Golding J. ALSPAC Study Team. Medication use during pregnancy: data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 60 (5): 355–61.
8. Стриженок Е.А., Гудков И.В., Страчунский Л.С. Применение лекарственных средств при беременности: результаты многоцентрового фармакоэпидемиологического исследования. Клин. микробиол. антимикроб. химиотер., 2007; 9 (2): 162–75.
9. Villanueva LA, Martinez Ayala H, Garcia Lara E. Drug consumption during pregnancy. Ginecol Obstet Mex 1998; 66: 423–7.
10. Olesen C, Steffensen FH Nielsen GL et al. Drug use in first pregnancy and lactation: a population–based survey among Danish women. The EUROMAP group. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55 (2): 139–44.
11. Ушкалова Е.А. Лекарственные средства и беременность. Фарматека, 2003; 2 (65): Available from: http://www.pharmateca.ru/cgi-bin/statyi.pl?sid=392&mid=1085056570&magid=34&full=1.
12. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pregnancy labeling. FDA Drug Bull 1979; 9: 23–4 (Level III).
13. Жаркова Л.П., Ушкалова Е.А., Карпов О.И. Применение антиинфекционных препаратов при беременности и кормлении грудью. Практическое руководство по антиинфекционной химиотерапии. Под ред. Л.С.Страчунского, Ю.Б.Белоусова, С.Н.Козлова. Смоленск: МАКМАХ, 2007, 423–34.
14. Государственный реестр лекарственных средств Российской Федерации. Типовые клинико-фармакологические статьи. http://www.regmed.ru/search.asp.
15. Cochrane Library, Issue 7, 2011. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/ cochrane_search_fs.html?newSearch=true. 
16. Physicians Desk Reference. 57th ed. Montvale NJ: Thomson PDR; 2004, 2684.
17. DeMott K. Azithromycin commonly used in pregnancy. International Medical News Group. 2002. Available from: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CYD/is_20_37/ai_93531959?tag=artBody;col1.
18. McGregor JA, Hager WD, Gibbs RS et al. Assessment of Office-Based Care of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Vaginitis and Antibiotic Decision-Making by Obstetrician-Gynecologists. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 1998; 6: 247–51.
19. Sarkar M, Woodland CC, Koren G et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to azithromycin. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2006; 6: 18.
20. Ogasawara KK, Goodwin TM. Efficacy of azithromycin in reducing lower genital Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in women at risk for preterm delivery. J Matern Fetal Med 1999; 8 (1): 12–6.
21. Choi EK, Pai H. Azithromycin therapy for scrub typhus during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 (6): 1538–9.
22. Simunic V, Vrcic H, Culig J et al. Single dose of azithromycin in the treatment of sexually transmitted disease in infertile and pregnant women. In: The 3rd International Conference on the Macrolides, Azalides and Streptogramins. Lisbon 1996; abstr. 2.21.
23. Jacobson GF, Autry AM, Kirby RS et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing amoxicillin and azithromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 184: 1352–4.
24. Adair CD, Gunter M, Stovall TG et al. Chlamydia in pregnancy: a randomized trial of azithromycin and erythromycin. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91: 165–8.
25. Edwards MS, Newman RB, Carter SG et al. Randomized clinical trial of azithromycin vs erythromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia cervicitis in pregnancy. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 1997; 4: 333–7.
26. Rahangdale L, Guerry S, Bauer HM et al. An observational cohort study of Chlamydia trachomatis treatment in pregnancy. Sex Transm Dis 2006; 33: 106–10.
27. Wilton LV, Pearce GL, Martin RM et al. The outcomes of pregnancy in women exposed to newly marketed drugs in general practice in England. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105 (8): 882–9.
28. Workowski KA, Berman S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010; 59 (RR-12): 1–10.
29. Lanjouw E, Ossewaarde JM, Stary A et al. 2010 European guideline for the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Int J STD AIDS. 2010; 21(11): 729–37.
30. Farhat CK, Calvalho LHFR, Chung SS et al. Toxoplasmosis II. J Pediatr 1981; 51: 344–7.
31. Gratzl R, Sodeck G, Platzer P et al. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: concentrations of spiramycin and neospiramycin in maternal serum and amniotic fluid. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21:12–6.
32. Desmonts G, Couvreur J. Congenital toxoplasmosis: a prospective study of 378 pregnancies. N Engl J Med 1974; 50: 1110–6.
33. Carter AO, Frank JW. Congenital toxoplasmosis: epidemiological features and control. Can Med Assoc J 1986; 135: 618–23.
34. Desmonts G, Daffos F, Forrestier F et al. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. Lancet 1985; I: 500–4.
35. Fedele L, Acaia B, Marchini M et al. Treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis endometritis with josamycin. J Chemother 1989; 1 (Suppl. 4): 911–2.
36. Czeizel A.E., Rockenbauer M., Olsen J., Sørensen H.T. A case-control teratological study of spiramycin, roxithromycin, oleandomycin and josamycin. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2000; 79 (3): 234–7.
37. Charles P, Stumpf P, Buffet P et al. Two unusual glandular presentations of tick-borne tularemia. Med Mal Infect 2008; 8 (3): 159–61.
38. Khrianin AA, Reshetnikov OV. Is it safe to use josamycin in the obstetrics practice in Russia? Antibiot Khimioter 2007; 52 (7–8): 32–6.
39. See H, Lachenaud J, Alberti C et al. Outcome of very preterm infants with Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma airway colonization treated with josamycine. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99 (4): 625–6.
40. Решетников О.В., Хрянин А.А. Макролиды в лечении хламидийной инфекции у беременных (эффективность, безопасность, экономичность). Рус. мед. журн., 2008; 16 (1): 23–7. Available from: http://www.rmj.ru/articles_5770.htm
41. Söltz-Szöts J, Schneider S, Niebauer B et al. Significance of the dose of josamycin in the treatment of chlamydia infected pregnant patients. Z Hautkr 1989; 64 (2): 129–31.
42. Юцковский А.Д., Юцковская Я.А., Ивашков Е.А. К проблеме урогенитальных инфекций у беременных: опыт лечения вильпрафеном. Рос. журн. кож.-вен. болезней, 2002; 6: 67–70.
43. Берлев И.В., Тестова Г.В. Лечение урогенитального хламидиоза у беременных. Инфекции в хирургии, 2003; 1: 4.
44. Джозамицин. Регистр лекарственных средств России® (РЛС®), 2009 г. http://www.rlsnet.ru/mnn_dzhozamitsin.html.
45. Справочник Видаль «Лекарственные препараты в России» 2011 г. Вильпрафен. http://www.vidal.ru/poisk_preparatov/wilprafen.htm
46. Kallen BAJ, Otterblad Olausson P, Danielsson BR. Is erythromycin therapy teratogenic in humans? Reprod Toxicol 2005; 20: 209–14.
47. Volberg WA, Koci BJ, Su W et al. Blockade of human cardiac potassium channel human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) by macrolide antibiotics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 302 (1): 320–7.
48. Czeizel AE, Rockenbauer M, Sorensen HY et al. A population-based case-control teratologic study of oral erythromycin treatment during pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol 1999; 13 (6): 531–6.

________________________________________________

1. Moodley P, Sturm AW. Sexually transmitted infections, adverse pregnancy outcome and neonatal infection. Semin Neonatol 2000; 5: 255–69.
2. Parratt JR, Hay DP. Sexually transmitted infections. Current Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003; 13: 224–31.
3. MacLean AB. Urinary tract infection in pregnancy. Int J Antimicrob Ag 2001; 17: 273–7.
4. Ogura JM, Francois KE, Perlow JH, Elliott JP. Complications associated with peripherally inserted central catheter use during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 1223–5.
5. Чилова Р.Я., Ищенко А.И., Рафальский В.В. Особенности применения антимикробных препаратов при беременности. Клин. микробиол. антимикроб. химиотер., 2005; 7 (1): 77–89.
6. Andrade SE, Gurwitz JH, Davis RL et al. Prescription drug use in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 191: 398–407.
7. Headley J, Northstone K, Simmons H, Golding J. ALSPAC Study Team. Medication use during pregnancy: data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 60 (5): 355–61.
8. Стриженок Е.А., Гудков И.В., Страчунский Л.С. Применение лекарственных средств при беременности: результаты многоцентрового фармакоэпидемиологического исследования. Клин. микробиол. антимикроб. химиотер., 2007; 9 (2): 162–75.
9. Villanueva LA, Martinez Ayala H, Garcia Lara E. Drug consumption during pregnancy. Ginecol Obstet Mex 1998; 66: 423–7.
10. Olesen C, Steffensen FH Nielsen GL et al. Drug use in first pregnancy and lactation: a population–based survey among Danish women. The EUROMAP group. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55 (2): 139–44.
11. Ушкалова Е.А. Лекарственные средства и беременность. Фарматека, 2003; 2 (65): Available from: http://www.pharmateca.ru/cgi-bin/statyi.pl?sid=392&mid=1085056570&magid=34&full=1.
12. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pregnancy labeling. FDA Drug Bull 1979; 9: 23–4 (Level III).
13. Жаркова Л.П., Ушкалова Е.А., Карпов О.И. Применение антиинфекционных препаратов при беременности и кормлении грудью. Практическое руководство по антиинфекционной химиотерапии. Под ред. Л.С.Страчунского, Ю.Б.Белоусова, С.Н.Козлова. Смоленск: МАКМАХ, 2007, 423–34.
14. Государственный реестр лекарственных средств Российской Федерации. Типовые клинико-фармакологические статьи. http://www.regmed.ru/search.asp.
15. Cochrane Library, Issue 7, 2011. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/ cochrane_search_fs.html?newSearch=true. 
16. Physicians Desk Reference. 57th ed. Montvale NJ: Thomson PDR; 2004, 2684.
17. DeMott K. Azithromycin commonly used in pregnancy. International Medical News Group. 2002. Available from: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CYD/is_20_37/ai_93531959?tag=artBody;col1.
18. McGregor JA, Hager WD, Gibbs RS et al. Assessment of Office-Based Care of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Vaginitis and Antibiotic Decision-Making by Obstetrician-Gynecologists. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 1998; 6: 247–51.
19. Sarkar M, Woodland CC, Koren G et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to azithromycin. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2006; 6: 18.
20. Ogasawara KK, Goodwin TM. Efficacy of azithromycin in reducing lower genital Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in women at risk for preterm delivery. J Matern Fetal Med 1999; 8 (1): 12–6.
21. Choi EK, Pai H. Azithromycin therapy for scrub typhus during pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 (6): 1538–9.
22. Simunic V, Vrcic H, Culig J et al. Single dose of azithromycin in the treatment of sexually transmitted disease in infertile and pregnant women. In: The 3rd International Conference on the Macrolides, Azalides and Streptogramins. Lisbon 1996; abstr. 2.21.
23. Jacobson GF, Autry AM, Kirby RS et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing amoxicillin and azithromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 184: 1352–4.
24. Adair CD, Gunter M, Stovall TG et al. Chlamydia in pregnancy: a randomized trial of azithromycin and erythromycin. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 91: 165–8.
25. Edwards MS, Newman RB, Carter SG et al. Randomized clinical trial of azithromycin vs erythromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia cervicitis in pregnancy. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 1997; 4: 333–7.
26. Rahangdale L, Guerry S, Bauer HM et al. An observational cohort study of Chlamydia trachomatis treatment in pregnancy. Sex Transm Dis 2006; 33: 106–10.
27. Wilton LV, Pearce GL, Martin RM et al. The outcomes of pregnancy in women exposed to newly marketed drugs in general practice in England. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105 (8): 882–9.
28. Workowski KA, Berman S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep 2010; 59 (RR-12): 1–10.
29. Lanjouw E, Ossewaarde JM, Stary A et al. 2010 European guideline for the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Int J STD AIDS. 2010; 21(11): 729–37.
30. Farhat CK, Calvalho LHFR, Chung SS et al. Toxoplasmosis II. J Pediatr 1981; 51: 344–7.
31. Gratzl R, Sodeck G, Platzer P et al. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: concentrations of spiramycin and neospiramycin in maternal serum and amniotic fluid. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21:12–6.
32. Desmonts G, Couvreur J. Congenital toxoplasmosis: a prospective study of 378 pregnancies. N Engl J Med 1974; 50: 1110–6.
33. Carter AO, Frank JW. Congenital toxoplasmosis: epidemiological features and control. Can Med Assoc J 1986; 135: 618–23.
34. Desmonts G, Daffos F, Forrestier F et al. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. Lancet 1985; I: 500–4.
35. Fedele L, Acaia B, Marchini M et al. Treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis endometritis with josamycin. J Chemother 1989; 1 (Suppl. 4): 911–2.
36. Czeizel A.E., Rockenbauer M., Olsen J., Sørensen H.T. A case-control teratological study of spiramycin, roxithromycin, oleandomycin and josamycin. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2000; 79 (3): 234–7.
37. Charles P, Stumpf P, Buffet P et al. Two unusual glandular presentations of tick-borne tularemia. Med Mal Infect 2008; 8 (3): 159–61.
38. Khrianin AA, Reshetnikov OV. Is it safe to use josamycin in the obstetrics practice in Russia? Antibiot Khimioter 2007; 52 (7–8): 32–6.
39. See H, Lachenaud J, Alberti C et al. Outcome of very preterm infants with Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma airway colonization treated with josamycine. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99 (4): 625–6.
40. Решетников О.В., Хрянин А.А. Макролиды в лечении хламидийной инфекции у беременных (эффективность, безопасность, экономичность). Рус. мед. журн., 2008; 16 (1): 23–7. Available from: http://www.rmj.ru/articles_5770.htm
41. Söltz-Szöts J, Schneider S, Niebauer B et al. Significance of the dose of josamycin in the treatment of chlamydia infected pregnant patients. Z Hautkr 1989; 64 (2): 129–31.
42. Юцковский А.Д., Юцковская Я.А., Ивашков Е.А. К проблеме урогенитальных инфекций у беременных: опыт лечения вильпрафеном. Рос. журн. кож.-вен. болезней, 2002; 6: 67–70.
43. Берлев И.В., Тестова Г.В. Лечение урогенитального хламидиоза у беременных. Инфекции в хирургии, 2003; 1: 4.
44. Джозамицин. Регистр лекарственных средств России® (РЛС®), 2009 г. http://www.rlsnet.ru/mnn_dzhozamitsin.html.
45. Справочник Видаль «Лекарственные препараты в России» 2011 г. Вильпрафен. http://www.vidal.ru/poisk_preparatov/wilprafen.htm
46. Kallen BAJ, Otterblad Olausson P, Danielsson BR. Is erythromycin therapy teratogenic in humans? Reprod Toxicol 2005; 20: 209–14.
47. Volberg WA, Koci BJ, Su W et al. Blockade of human cardiac potassium channel human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) by macrolide antibiotics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 302 (1): 320–7.
48. Czeizel AE, Rockenbauer M, Sorensen HY et al. A population-based case-control teratologic study of oral erythromycin treatment during pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol 1999; 13 (6): 531–6.

А.П.Никонов1, Р.А.Чилова1, М.В.Остроумова1, О.У.Стецюк2, И.В.Андреева2, В.В.Залетова3

1. ГОУ ВПО Первый МГМУ им. И.М.Сеченова;
2. НИИ антимикробной химиотерапии ГОУ ВПО Смоленская государственная 
медицинская академия Минздравсоцразвития РФ;
3. Клиника «Мама», Москва

________________________________________________

A.P.Nikonov1, R.A.Chilova1, M.V.Ostroumova1, O.U.Stetsiouk2, I.V.Andreeva2, V.V Zaletova3

1. I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University;
2. Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Smolensk State Medical Academy;
3. Clinic «Mama», Moscow