В статье отражены единые патогенетические механизмы развития урогенитальных расстройств и особенности их комплексного лечения. Ключевые слова: урогенитальные расстройства, вагинальная атрофия, цистоуретральная атрофия, заместительная гормонотерапия.
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The following article describes the common pathogenetic mechanisms of urogenital disorders, and their complex treatment features.
1. Barlow DH, Cardozo LD, Francis RM et al. Urogenital ageing and its effect on sexual health in older British women. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104: 87–91.
2. Al-Baghdadi O, Ewies AA. Topical estrogen therapy in the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: an up-to-date overview. Climacteric 2009; p. 91–105.
3. Calleja-Agius J, Brincat MP. Urogenital atrophy. Climacteric 2009; 12: 279–85.
4. Estrogen and progestogen use in postmenopausal women: position statement of The North American Menopause Society. NAMS 2008; 4: 584–603.
5. Gebhardt J, Richard D, Barrett T. Expression of estrogen receptor isoforms alpha and beta messenger RNA in vaginal tissue of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; p. 1325–30.
6. Cavallini E Dinaro, Giocolano A et al. Estrogen receptor (ER) and ER-related receptor expressoin in normal and atrophic human vagina. Maturitas 2008; p. 219–25.
7. Raghunandan C, Agrawal S, Dubey P et al. A comparative study of the effects of local estrogen with or without local testosterone on vulvovaginal and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. J Sex Med 2010; p. 1284–90.
8. Sanches-Rodriguez MA, Zacarias-Flores M, Arronte-Rosales A. Menopause as risk factor for oxidative stress. Menopause 2012; 19: 361–7.
9. Behr GA, Schnorr CE, Moreira JC. Increased blood oxidative stress in experimental menopause rat model: the effect of vitamin A lowdose supplementation upon antioxidant status in bilateral ovariectomized rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 26: 235–49.
10. Costantino D, Guaraldi C. Effectiveness and safety of vaginal suppositories for the treatment of the vaginal atrophy in popstmenopausal women: an apen, non-controlled clinical trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2008; 12 (6): 411–6.
11. Management of symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy: 2013 position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause: NAMS 2013; 20 (9): 888–902.
12. Simon JA, Lin VH, Radovich C, Bachmann GA. The Ospemifene Study Group. One-year long-term safety extension study of ospemifene for the treatment of vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women with a uterus. Menopause 2013; 20: 418–27.
13. Балан В.Е., Сметник В.П., Анкирская А.С. и др. Урогенитальные расстройства в климактерии. В кн.: Медицина климактерия. Под ред. В.П.Сметник. М.: Litterra, 2006; с. 217–90.
14. Practical recommendations for hormone replacement therapy in the peri- and postmenopause. Climacteric 2004; p. 210–6.
15. Муравьева B.B. Микробиологическая диагностика бактериального вагиноза у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Дис. … канд. мед. наук. М., 1997.
16. Aksakal E, Akaras N, Tanboga IH et al. Relationship between oxidative stress and cardiomyopathic changes in ovariectomized rates. Cardiology 2011; 119: 235–41.
17. Sudoh N et al. Estrogen prevents oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in rats. Circulation 2001; 103: 724–9.
________________________________________________
1. Barlow DH, Cardozo LD, Francis RM et al. Urogenital ageing and its effect on sexual health in older British women. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104: 87–91.
2. Al-Baghdadi O, Ewies AA. Topical estrogen therapy in the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: an up-to-date overview. Climacteric 2009; p. 91–105.
3. Calleja-Agius J, Brincat MP. Urogenital atrophy. Climacteric 2009; 12: 279–85.
4. Estrogen and progestogen use in postmenopausal women: position statement of The North American Menopause Society. NAMS 2008; 4: 584–603.
5. Gebhardt J, Richard D, Barrett T. Expression of estrogen receptor isoforms alpha and beta messenger RNA in vaginal tissue of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; p. 1325–30.
6. Cavallini E Dinaro, Giocolano A et al. Estrogen receptor (ER) and ER-related receptor expressoin in normal and atrophic human vagina. Maturitas 2008; p. 219–25.
7. Raghunandan C, Agrawal S, Dubey P et al. A comparative study of the effects of local estrogen with or without local testosterone on vulvovaginal and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. J Sex Med 2010; p. 1284–90.
8. Sanches-Rodriguez MA, Zacarias-Flores M, Arronte-Rosales A. Menopause as risk factor for oxidative stress. Menopause 2012; 19: 361–7.
9. Behr GA, Schnorr CE, Moreira JC. Increased blood oxidative stress in experimental menopause rat model: the effect of vitamin A lowdose supplementation upon antioxidant status in bilateral ovariectomized rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 26: 235–49.
10. Costantino D, Guaraldi C. Effectiveness and safety of vaginal suppositories for the treatment of the vaginal atrophy in popstmenopausal women: an apen, non-controlled clinical trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2008; 12 (6): 411–6.
11. Management of symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy: 2013 position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause: NAMS 2013; 20 (9): 888–902.
12. Simon JA, Lin VH, Radovich C, Bachmann GA. The Ospemifene Study Group. One-year long-term safety extension study of ospemifene for the treatment of vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women with a uterus. Menopause 2013; 20: 418–27.
13. Балан В.Е., Сметник В.П., Анкирская А.С. и др. Урогенитальные расстройства в климактерии. В кн.: Медицина климактерия. Под ред. В.П.Сметник. М.: Litterra, 2006; с. 217–90.
14. Practical recommendations for hormone replacement therapy in the peri- and postmenopause. Climacteric 2004; p. 210–6.
15. Муравьева B.B. Микробиологическая диагностика бактериального вагиноза у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Дис. … канд. мед. наук. М., 1997.
16. Aksakal E, Akaras N, Tanboga IH et al. Relationship between oxidative stress and cardiomyopathic changes in ovariectomized rates. Cardiology 2011; 119: 235–41.
17. Sudoh N et al. Estrogen prevents oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in rats. Circulation 2001; 103: 724–9.
Авторы
В.Е.Балан1, Л.А.Ковалева2, 3
1. ГБУЗ МО Московский областной научно-исследовательский институт акушерства и гинекологии;
2. ФГБУ Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И.Кулакова Минздрава России, Москва;
3. ГБОУ ВПО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава России