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Современные методы профилактики и лечения внутриматочных синехий (обзор литературы)
Современные методы профилактики и лечения внутриматочных синехий (обзор литературы)
Хириева П.М., Адамян Л.В., Мартынов С.А. Современные методы профилактики и лечения внутриматочных синехий (обзор литературы).
Гинекология. 2016; 18 (5): 32–36.
Гинекология. 2016; 18 (5): 32–36.
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Аннотация
Внутриматочные синехии, или синдром Ашермана, – многогранное заболевание, является одной из основных причин вторичного бесплодия. Частота диагностики данной патологии увеличивается в последнее время. Несмотря на широкое внедрение гистероскопического адгезиолизиса, лечение женщин с внутриматочными синехиями по-прежнему представляет собой большую проблему: частота рецидивов при тяжелой степени достигает 62,5%. Обзор литературы освещает современные возможности хирургического лечения, методы и средства профилактики рецидивов, а также наиболее перспективные исследования в области патогенеза и лечения синдрома Ашермана.
Ключевые слова: внутриматочные синехии, синдром Ашермана, внутриматочные спайки, профилактика развития синехий, профилактика рецидивов, гистероскопия, аменорея, бесплодие, оперативная гистероскопия, гистероскопический адгезиолизис.
Key words: intrauterine synechiae, Asherman’s syndrome, intrauterine adhesions, adhesion prevention, prevention of adhesion reformation, hysteroscopy, amenorrhoea, infertility, operative hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.
Ключевые слова: внутриматочные синехии, синдром Ашермана, внутриматочные спайки, профилактика развития синехий, профилактика рецидивов, гистероскопия, аменорея, бесплодие, оперативная гистероскопия, гистероскопический адгезиолизис.
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Key words: intrauterine synechiae, Asherman’s syndrome, intrauterine adhesions, adhesion prevention, prevention of adhesion reformation, hysteroscopy, amenorrhoea, infertility, operative hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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7. Schenker JG, Margalioth EJ. Intrauterine adhesions: an updated appraisal. Fertil Steril 1982; 37: 593–610.
8. Reddy S, Rock JA. Surgical management of complete obliteration of the endometrial cavity. Fertil Steril 1997; 67: 172–4.
9. Al-Inany H. Intrauterine adhesions: an update. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 986–93.
10. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
11. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
12. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
13. Chervenak FA, Neuwirth RS. Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981; 141: 351–3.
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15. Capella-Allouc S, Morsad F, Rongieres-Bertrand C et al. Hysteroscopic treatment of severe Asherman’s syndrome and subsequent fertility. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 1230–3.
16. Yu D, Wong YM, Cheong Y et al. Asherman syndrome-one century later. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 759–79.
17. Zikopoulos KA, Kolibianakis EM, Platteau P et al. Live delivery rates in subfertile women with Asherman’s syndrome after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis using the resectoscope or the Versapoint system. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 8: 720–5.
18. Chapman R, Chapman K. The value of two stage laser treatment for severe Asherman’s syndrome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 1256–8.
19. Newton JR, MacKenzie WE, Emens MJ, Jordan JA. Division of uterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome) with the Nd-YAG laser. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1989; 96: 102–4.
20. McComb PF, Wagner BL. Simplified therapy for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1997; 68: 1047–50.
21. Protopapas A, Shushan A, Magos A. Myometrial scoring: a new technique for the management of severe Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 860–4.
22. Chen FP, Soong YK, Hui YL. Successful treatment of severe uterine synechiae with transcervical resectoscopy combined with laminaria tent. Hum Reprod 1997; 12: 943–7.
23. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
24. Kodaman P, Arici A. Intra-uterine adhesions and fertility outcome: how to optimize success? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007; 19: 207–14.
25. Polishuk WZ, Kohane S. Intrauterine adhesions: diagnosis and therapy. Obstet Gynecol Digest 1966; 8: 41.
26. Ventolini G, Zhang M, Gruber J. Hysteroscopy in the evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Surg Endosc 2004; 18: 1782–4.
27. Polishuk WZ, Weinstein D. The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Acta Eur Fertil 1976; 7: 215–8.
28. Vesce F, Jorizzo G, Bianciotto A, Gotti G. Use of the copper intrauterine device in the management of secondary amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 162–5.
29. March CM. Intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1995; 22: 491–505.
30. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
31. March CM. Management of Asherman syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23: 63–76.
32. Lin X, Wei M, Li TC et al. A comparison of intrauterine balloon, intrauterine contraceptive device and hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of adhesion reformation following hysteroscopic surgery for Asherman syndrome: a cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 512–6.
33. Asherman JG. Traumatic intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1950; 57: 892–6.
34. March C, Israel R, March A. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 130: 653–7.
35. Ismajovich B, Lidor A, Confino E, David MP. Treatment of minimal and moderate intrauterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome). J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 769–72.
36. Amer MI, Abd-El-Maeboud KH. Amnion graft following hysteroscopic lysis of intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2006; 32: 559–66.
37. Orhue AA, Aziken ME, Igbefoh JO. A comparison of two adjunctive treatments for intrauterine adhesions following lysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 82: 49–56.
38. Pellicano M, Bramante S, Cirillo D et al. Effectiveness of autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel after laparoscopic myomectomy in infertile patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 441–4.
39. Guida M, Acunzo G, di Spiezio Sardo A et al. Effectiveness of auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 1461–4.
40. Metwally M, Watson A, Lilford R, Vandekerckhove P. Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 19: CD001298.
41. Reijnen MM, Falk P, van Goor H, Holmdahl L. The antiadhesive agent sodium hyaluronate increases the proliferation rate of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Fertil Steril 2000; 74: 146–51.
42. Carta G, Cerrone L, Iovenitti P. Postoperative adhesion prevention in gynecologic surgery with hyaluronic acid. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2004; 31: 39–41.
43. Mais V, Cirronis MG, Peiretti M et al. Efficacy of auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel for adhesion prevention in laparoscopy and hysteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 160: 1–5.
44. Tsapanos VS, Stathopoulou LP, Papathanassopoulou VS, Tzingounis VA. The role of Seprafilm bioresorbable membrane in the prevention and therapy of endometrial synechiae. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 10–4.
45. Robertson D, Lefebvre G, Leyland N et al. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. SOGC clinical practice guidelines Adhesion prevention in gynaecological surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010; 111: 193–7.
46. Kim T, Ahn KH, Choi DS et al. A randomized, multi-center, clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid compared to carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012; 19: 731–6.
47. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
48. Magos A. Hysteroscopic treatment of Asherman’s syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2002; 4 (Suppl. 3): 46–51.
49. Myers EM, Hurst BS. Comprehensive management of severe Asherman syndrome and amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 160–4.
50. Sher G, Fisch JD. Vaginal sildenafil (Viagra): a preliminary report of a novel method to improve uterine artery blood flow and endometrial development in patients undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 806–9.
51. Takasaki A, Tamura H, Miwa I et al. Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1851–8.
52. Zinger M, Liu JH, Thomas MA. Successful use of vaginal sildenafil citrate in two infertility patients with Asherman’s syndrome. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 442–4.
53. Gargett CE, Nguyen HP, Ye L. Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13: 235–51.
54. Nagori CB, Panchal SY, Patel H. Endometrial regeneration using autologous adult stem cells followed by conception by in vitro fertilization in a patient of severe Asherman’s syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2011; 4: 43–8.
55. Santamaria Х, Cabanillas S, Cervelloґ I et al. Autologous cell therapy with CD1331 bone marrow-derived stem cells for refractory Asherman’s syndrome and endometrial atrophy: a pilot cohort study. Hum Reprod 2016; p. 1–10.
56. Rein DT, Schmidt T, Hess AP et al. Hysteroscopic management of residual trophoblastic tissue is superior to ultrasound-guided curettage. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18: 774–8.
57. Tam WH, Lau WC, Cheung LP et al. Intrauterine adhesions after conservative and surgical management of spontaneous abortion. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 2002; 9: 182–5.
58. Kulier R, Kapp N, Glmezoglu AM et al. Medical methods for first trimester abortion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 9: CD002855.
59. Neilson JP, Gyte GM, Hickey M et al. Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 28: 3. CD007223.
60. Roy KK, Baruah J, Sharma JB et al. Reproductive outcome following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in patients with infertility due to Asherman’s syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 355–61.
61. Yu D, Li TC, Xia E et al. Factors affecting reproductive outcome of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 715–22.
62. Farhi J, Bar-Hava I, Homburg R et al. Induced regeneration of endometrium following curettage for abortion: a comparative study. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1143–4.
63. Tu Chun-Hua, Yang Xiao-Li, Qin Xiao-Yun et al. Management of intrauterine adhesions: A novel intrauterine device. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81: 394–6.
64. Zhang Y, Lin X, Dai Y et al. Endometrial stem cells repair injured endometrium and induce angiogenesis via AKT and ERK pathways. Reproduction 2016. pii: REP-16-0286.
65. Di Spiezio Sardo A, Calagna G, Scognamiglio M et al. Prevention of intrauterine post-surgical adhesions in hysteroscopy. A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 203: 182–92.
66. Liu AZ, Zhao HG, Gao Y et al. Effectiveness of estrogen treatment before transcervical resection of adhesions on moderate and severe uterine adhesion patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; p. 1–4.
67. Lasmar RB, Barrozo PR, Parente RC et al. Hysteroscopic evaluation in patients with in fertility. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2010; 32: 393–7.
68. Preutthipan S, Linasmita V. A prospective comparative study between hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in the detection of intra-uterine pathology in patients with infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2003; 29: 33–7.
69. Xue X, Chen Q, Zhao G et al. The Overexpression of TGF-b and CCN2 in Intrauterine Adhesions Involves the NF-kB Signaling Pathway. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (12): e0146159.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146159
70. Singh N, Mohanty S, Seth T et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in refractory Asherman's syndrome: A novel cell based therapy. J Hum Reprod Sci 2014; 7: 93–8.
2. Kulakov V.I., Savel'eva G.M., Manukhin I.B. Ginekologiia. Natsional'noe rukovodstvo. GEOTAR-Media, 2011. [in Russian]
3. Rukovodstvo VOZ po standartizirovannomu obsledovaniiu i diagnostike besplodnykh supruzheskikh par. M.: MedPress, 1997. [in Russian]
4. Savel'eva G.M., Breusenko V.G. Ginekologiia. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2004. [in Russian]
5. Smetnik V.P., Tumilovich L.G. Neoperativnaia ginekologiia. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. M.: Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo, 1998. [in Russian]
6. Levine RU, Neuwirth RS: Simultaneous laparoscopy and hysteroscopy for intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 42: 441–5.
7. Schenker JG, Margalioth EJ. Intrauterine adhesions: an updated appraisal. Fertil Steril 1982; 37: 593–610.
8. Reddy S, Rock JA. Surgical management of complete obliteration of the endometrial cavity. Fertil Steril 1997; 67: 172–4.
9. Al-Inany H. Intrauterine adhesions: an update. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 986–93.
10. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
11. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
12. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
13. Chervenak FA, Neuwirth RS. Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981; 141: 351–3.
14. DeCherney A, Polan ML. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine lesions and intractable uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 1983; 61: 392–7.
15. Capella-Allouc S, Morsad F, Rongieres-Bertrand C et al. Hysteroscopic treatment of severe Asherman’s syndrome and subsequent fertility. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 1230–3.
16. Yu D, Wong YM, Cheong Y et al. Asherman syndrome-one century later. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 759–79.
17. Zikopoulos KA, Kolibianakis EM, Platteau P et al. Live delivery rates in subfertile women with Asherman’s syndrome after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis using the resectoscope or the Versapoint system. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 8: 720–5.
18. Chapman R, Chapman K. The value of two stage laser treatment for severe Asherman’s syndrome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 1256–8.
19. Newton JR, MacKenzie WE, Emens MJ, Jordan JA. Division of uterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome) with the Nd-YAG laser. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1989; 96: 102–4.
20. McComb PF, Wagner BL. Simplified therapy for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1997; 68: 1047–50.
21. Protopapas A, Shushan A, Magos A. Myometrial scoring: a new technique for the management of severe Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 860–4.
22. Chen FP, Soong YK, Hui YL. Successful treatment of severe uterine synechiae with transcervical resectoscopy combined with laminaria tent. Hum Reprod 1997; 12: 943–7.
23. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
24. Kodaman P, Arici A. Intra-uterine adhesions and fertility outcome: how to optimize success? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007; 19: 207–14.
25. Polishuk WZ, Kohane S. Intrauterine adhesions: diagnosis and therapy. Obstet Gynecol Digest 1966; 8: 41.
26. Ventolini G, Zhang M, Gruber J. Hysteroscopy in the evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Surg Endosc 2004; 18: 1782–4.
27. Polishuk WZ, Weinstein D. The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Acta Eur Fertil 1976; 7: 215–8.
28. Vesce F, Jorizzo G, Bianciotto A, Gotti G. Use of the copper intrauterine device in the management of secondary amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 162–5.
29. March CM. Intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1995; 22: 491–505.
30. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
31. March CM. Management of Asherman syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23: 63–76.
32. Lin X, Wei M, Li TC et al. A comparison of intrauterine balloon, intrauterine contraceptive device and hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of adhesion reformation following hysteroscopic surgery for Asherman syndrome: a cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 512–6.
33. Asherman JG. Traumatic intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1950; 57: 892–6.
34. March C, Israel R, March A. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 130: 653–7.
35. Ismajovich B, Lidor A, Confino E, David MP. Treatment of minimal and moderate intrauterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome). J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 769–72.
36. Amer MI, Abd-El-Maeboud KH. Amnion graft following hysteroscopic lysis of intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2006; 32: 559–66.
37. Orhue AA, Aziken ME, Igbefoh JO. A comparison of two adjunctive treatments for intrauterine adhesions following lysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 82: 49–56.
38. Pellicano M, Bramante S, Cirillo D et al. Effectiveness of autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel after laparoscopic myomectomy in infertile patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 441–4.
39. Guida M, Acunzo G, di Spiezio Sardo A et al. Effectiveness of auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 1461–4.
40. Metwally M, Watson A, Lilford R, Vandekerckhove P. Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 19: CD001298.
41. Reijnen MM, Falk P, van Goor H, Holmdahl L. The antiadhesive agent sodium hyaluronate increases the proliferation rate of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Fertil Steril 2000; 74: 146–51.
42. Carta G, Cerrone L, Iovenitti P. Postoperative adhesion prevention in gynecologic surgery with hyaluronic acid. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2004; 31: 39–41.
43. Mais V, Cirronis MG, Peiretti M et al. Efficacy of auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel for adhesion prevention in laparoscopy and hysteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 160: 1–5.
44. Tsapanos VS, Stathopoulou LP, Papathanassopoulou VS, Tzingounis VA. The role of Seprafilm bioresorbable membrane in the prevention and therapy of endometrial synechiae. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 10–4.
45. Robertson D, Lefebvre G, Leyland N et al. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. SOGC clinical practice guidelines Adhesion prevention in gynaecological surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010; 111: 193–7.
46. Kim T, Ahn KH, Choi DS et al. A randomized, multi-center, clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid compared to carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012; 19: 731–6.
47. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
48. Magos A. Hysteroscopic treatment of Asherman’s syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2002; 4 (Suppl. 3): 46–51.
49. Myers EM, Hurst BS. Comprehensive management of severe Asherman syndrome and amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 160–4.
50. Sher G, Fisch JD. Vaginal sildenafil (Viagra): a preliminary report of a novel method to improve uterine artery blood flow and endometrial development in patients undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 806–9.
51. Takasaki A, Tamura H, Miwa I et al. Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1851–8.
52. Zinger M, Liu JH, Thomas MA. Successful use of vaginal sildenafil citrate in two infertility patients with Asherman’s syndrome. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 442–4.
53. Gargett CE, Nguyen HP, Ye L. Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13: 235–51.
54. Nagori CB, Panchal SY, Patel H. Endometrial regeneration using autologous adult stem cells followed by conception by in vitro fertilization in a patient of severe Asherman’s syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2011; 4: 43–8.
55. Santamaria Х, Cabanillas S, Cervelloґ I et al. Autologous cell therapy with CD1331 bone marrow-derived stem cells for refractory Asherman’s syndrome and endometrial atrophy: a pilot cohort study. Hum Reprod 2016; p. 1–10.
56. Rein DT, Schmidt T, Hess AP et al. Hysteroscopic management of residual trophoblastic tissue is superior to ultrasound-guided curettage. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18: 774–8.
57. Tam WH, Lau WC, Cheung LP et al. Intrauterine adhesions after conservative and surgical management of spontaneous abortion. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 2002; 9: 182–5.
58. Kulier R, Kapp N, Glmezoglu AM et al. Medical methods for first trimester abortion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 9: CD002855.
59. Neilson JP, Gyte GM, Hickey M et al. Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 28: 3. CD007223.
60. Roy KK, Baruah J, Sharma JB et al. Reproductive outcome following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in patients with infertility due to Asherman’s syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 355–61.
61. Yu D, Li TC, Xia E et al. Factors affecting reproductive outcome of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 715–22.
62. Farhi J, Bar-Hava I, Homburg R et al. Induced regeneration of endometrium following curettage for abortion: a comparative study. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1143–4.
63. Tu Chun-Hua, Yang Xiao-Li, Qin Xiao-Yun et al. Management of intrauterine adhesions: A novel intrauterine device. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81: 394–6.
64. Zhang Y, Lin X, Dai Y et al. Endometrial stem cells repair injured endometrium and induce angiogenesis via AKT and ERK pathways. Reproduction 2016. pii: REP-16-0286.
65. Di Spiezio Sardo A, Calagna G, Scognamiglio M et al. Prevention of intrauterine post-surgical adhesions in hysteroscopy. A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 203: 182–92.
66. Liu AZ, Zhao HG, Gao Y et al. Effectiveness of estrogen treatment before transcervical resection of adhesions on moderate and severe uterine adhesion patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; p. 1–4.
67. Lasmar RB, Barrozo PR, Parente RC et al. Hysteroscopic evaluation in patients with in fertility. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2010; 32: 393–7.
68. Preutthipan S, Linasmita V. A prospective comparative study between hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in the detection of intra-uterine pathology in patients with infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2003; 29: 33–7.
69. Xue X, Chen Q, Zhao G et al. The Overexpression of TGF-b and CCN2 in Intrauterine Adhesions Involves the NF-kB Signaling Pathway. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (12): e0146159.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146159
70. Singh N, Mohanty S, Seth T et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in refractory Asherman's syndrome: A novel cell based therapy. J Hum Reprod Sci 2014; 7: 93–8.
2. Кулаков В.И., Савельева Г.М., Манухин И.Б. Гинекология. Национальное руководство. ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2011. / Kulakov V.I., Savel'eva G.M., Manukhin I.B. Ginekologiia. Natsional'noe rukovodstvo. GEOTAR-Media, 2011. [in Russian]
3. Руководство ВОЗ по стандартизированному обследованию и диагностике бесплодных супружеских пар. М.: МедПресс, 1997. / Rukovodstvo VOZ po standartizirovannomu obsledovaniiu i diagnostike besplodnykh supruzheskikh par. M.: MedPress, 1997. [in Russian]
4. Савельева Г.М., Бреусенко В.Г. Гинекология. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2004. / Savel'eva G.M., Breusenko V.G. Ginekologiia. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2004. [in Russian]
5. Сметник В.П., Тумилович Л.Г. Неоперативная гинекология. Руководство для врачей. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 1998. / Smetnik V.P., Tumilovich L.G. Neoperativnaia ginekologiia. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. M.: Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo, 1998. [in Russian]
6. Levine RU, Neuwirth RS: Simultaneous laparoscopy and hysteroscopy for intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 42: 441–5.
7. Schenker JG, Margalioth EJ. Intrauterine adhesions: an updated appraisal. Fertil Steril 1982; 37: 593–610.
8. Reddy S, Rock JA. Surgical management of complete obliteration of the endometrial cavity. Fertil Steril 1997; 67: 172–4.
9. Al-Inany H. Intrauterine adhesions: an update. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 986–93.
10. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
11. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
12. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
13. Chervenak FA, Neuwirth RS. Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981; 141: 351–3.
14. DeCherney A, Polan ML. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine lesions and intractable uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 1983; 61: 392–7.
15. Capella-Allouc S, Morsad F, Rongieres-Bertrand C et al. Hysteroscopic treatment of severe Asherman’s syndrome and subsequent fertility. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 1230–3.
16. Yu D, Wong YM, Cheong Y et al. Asherman syndrome-one century later. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 759–79.
17. Zikopoulos KA, Kolibianakis EM, Platteau P et al. Live delivery rates in subfertile women with Asherman’s syndrome after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis using the resectoscope or the Versapoint system. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 8: 720–5.
18. Chapman R, Chapman K. The value of two stage laser treatment for severe Asherman’s syndrome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 1256–8.
19. Newton JR, MacKenzie WE, Emens MJ, Jordan JA. Division of uterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome) with the Nd-YAG laser. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1989; 96: 102–4.
20. McComb PF, Wagner BL. Simplified therapy for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1997; 68: 1047–50.
21. Protopapas A, Shushan A, Magos A. Myometrial scoring: a new technique for the management of severe Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 860–4.
22. Chen FP, Soong YK, Hui YL. Successful treatment of severe uterine synechiae with transcervical resectoscopy combined with laminaria tent. Hum Reprod 1997; 12: 943–7.
23. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
24. Kodaman P, Arici A. Intra-uterine adhesions and fertility outcome: how to optimize success? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007; 19: 207–14.
25. Polishuk WZ, Kohane S. Intrauterine adhesions: diagnosis and therapy. Obstet Gynecol Digest 1966; 8: 41.
26. Ventolini G, Zhang M, Gruber J. Hysteroscopy in the evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Surg Endosc 2004; 18: 1782–4.
27. Polishuk WZ, Weinstein D. The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Acta Eur Fertil 1976; 7: 215–8.
28. Vesce F, Jorizzo G, Bianciotto A, Gotti G. Use of the copper intrauterine device in the management of secondary amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 162–5.
29. March CM. Intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1995; 22: 491–505.
30. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
31. March CM. Management of Asherman syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23: 63–76.
32. Lin X, Wei M, Li TC et al. A comparison of intrauterine balloon, intrauterine contraceptive device and hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of adhesion reformation following hysteroscopic surgery for Asherman syndrome: a cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 512–6.
33. Asherman JG. Traumatic intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1950; 57: 892–6.
34. March C, Israel R, March A. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 130: 653–7.
35. Ismajovich B, Lidor A, Confino E, David MP. Treatment of minimal and moderate intrauterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome). J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 769–72.
36. Amer MI, Abd-El-Maeboud KH. Amnion graft following hysteroscopic lysis of intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2006; 32: 559–66.
37. Orhue AA, Aziken ME, Igbefoh JO. A comparison of two adjunctive treatments for intrauterine adhesions following lysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 82: 49–56.
38. Pellicano M, Bramante S, Cirillo D et al. Effectiveness of autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel after laparoscopic myomectomy in infertile patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 441–4.
39. Guida M, Acunzo G, di Spiezio Sardo A et al. Effectiveness of auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 1461–4.
40. Metwally M, Watson A, Lilford R, Vandekerckhove P. Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 19: CD001298.
41. Reijnen MM, Falk P, van Goor H, Holmdahl L. The antiadhesive agent sodium hyaluronate increases the proliferation rate of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Fertil Steril 2000; 74: 146–51.
42. Carta G, Cerrone L, Iovenitti P. Postoperative adhesion prevention in gynecologic surgery with hyaluronic acid. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2004; 31: 39–41.
43. Mais V, Cirronis MG, Peiretti M et al. Efficacy of auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel for adhesion prevention in laparoscopy and hysteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 160: 1–5.
44. Tsapanos VS, Stathopoulou LP, Papathanassopoulou VS, Tzingounis VA. The role of Seprafilm bioresorbable membrane in the prevention and therapy of endometrial synechiae. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 10–4.
45. Robertson D, Lefebvre G, Leyland N et al. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. SOGC clinical practice guidelines Adhesion prevention in gynaecological surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010; 111: 193–7.
46. Kim T, Ahn KH, Choi DS et al. A randomized, multi-center, clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid compared to carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012; 19: 731–6.
47. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
48. Magos A. Hysteroscopic treatment of Asherman’s syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2002; 4 (Suppl. 3): 46–51.
49. Myers EM, Hurst BS. Comprehensive management of severe Asherman syndrome and amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 160–4.
50. Sher G, Fisch JD. Vaginal sildenafil (Viagra): a preliminary report of a novel method to improve uterine artery blood flow and endometrial development in patients undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 806–9.
51. Takasaki A, Tamura H, Miwa I et al. Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1851–8.
52. Zinger M, Liu JH, Thomas MA. Successful use of vaginal sildenafil citrate in two infertility patients with Asherman’s syndrome. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 442–4.
53. Gargett CE, Nguyen HP, Ye L. Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13: 235–51.
54. Nagori CB, Panchal SY, Patel H. Endometrial regeneration using autologous adult stem cells followed by conception by in vitro fertilization in a patient of severe Asherman’s syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2011; 4: 43–8.
55. Santamaria Х, Cabanillas S, Cervelloґ I et al. Autologous cell therapy with CD1331 bone marrow-derived stem cells for refractory Asherman’s syndrome and endometrial atrophy: a pilot cohort study. Hum Reprod 2016; p. 1–10.
56. Rein DT, Schmidt T, Hess AP et al. Hysteroscopic management of residual trophoblastic tissue is superior to ultrasound-guided curettage. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18: 774–8.
57. Tam WH, Lau WC, Cheung LP et al. Intrauterine adhesions after conservative and surgical management of spontaneous abortion. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 2002; 9: 182–5.
58. Kulier R, Kapp N, Glmezoglu AM et al. Medical methods for first trimester abortion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 9: CD002855.
59. Neilson JP, Gyte GM, Hickey M et al. Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 28: 3. CD007223.
60. Roy KK, Baruah J, Sharma JB et al. Reproductive outcome following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in patients with infertility due to Asherman’s syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 355–61.
61. Yu D, Li TC, Xia E et al. Factors affecting reproductive outcome of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 715–22.
62. Farhi J, Bar-Hava I, Homburg R et al. Induced regeneration of endometrium following curettage for abortion: a comparative study. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1143–4.
63. Tu Chun-Hua, Yang Xiao-Li, Qin Xiao-Yun et al. Management of intrauterine adhesions: A novel intrauterine device. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81: 394–6.
64. Zhang Y, Lin X, Dai Y et al. Endometrial stem cells repair injured endometrium and induce angiogenesis via AKT and ERK pathways. Reproduction 2016. pii: REP-16-0286.
65. Di Spiezio Sardo A, Calagna G, Scognamiglio M et al. Prevention of intrauterine post-surgical adhesions in hysteroscopy. A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 203: 182–92.
66. Liu AZ, Zhao HG, Gao Y et al. Effectiveness of estrogen treatment before transcervical resection of adhesions on moderate and severe uterine adhesion patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; p. 1–4.
67. Lasmar RB, Barrozo PR, Parente RC et al. Hysteroscopic evaluation in patients with in fertility. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2010; 32: 393–7.
68. Preutthipan S, Linasmita V. A prospective comparative study between hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in the detection of intra-uterine pathology in patients with infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2003; 29: 33–7.
69. Xue X, Chen Q, Zhao G et al. The Overexpression of TGF-b and CCN2 in Intrauterine Adhesions Involves the NF-kB Signaling Pathway. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (12): e0146159.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146159
70. Singh N, Mohanty S, Seth T et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in refractory Asherman's syndrome: A novel cell based therapy. J Hum Reprod Sci 2014; 7: 93–8.
________________________________________________
2. Kulakov V.I., Savel'eva G.M., Manukhin I.B. Ginekologiia. Natsional'noe rukovodstvo. GEOTAR-Media, 2011. [in Russian]
3. Rukovodstvo VOZ po standartizirovannomu obsledovaniiu i diagnostike besplodnykh supruzheskikh par. M.: MedPress, 1997. [in Russian]
4. Savel'eva G.M., Breusenko V.G. Ginekologiia. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2004. [in Russian]
5. Smetnik V.P., Tumilovich L.G. Neoperativnaia ginekologiia. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. M.: Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo, 1998. [in Russian]
6. Levine RU, Neuwirth RS: Simultaneous laparoscopy and hysteroscopy for intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 42: 441–5.
7. Schenker JG, Margalioth EJ. Intrauterine adhesions: an updated appraisal. Fertil Steril 1982; 37: 593–610.
8. Reddy S, Rock JA. Surgical management of complete obliteration of the endometrial cavity. Fertil Steril 1997; 67: 172–4.
9. Al-Inany H. Intrauterine adhesions: an update. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2001; 80: 986–93.
10. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
11. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
12. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
13. Chervenak FA, Neuwirth RS. Hysteroscopic resection of the uterine septum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981; 141: 351–3.
14. DeCherney A, Polan ML. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine lesions and intractable uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 1983; 61: 392–7.
15. Capella-Allouc S, Morsad F, Rongieres-Bertrand C et al. Hysteroscopic treatment of severe Asherman’s syndrome and subsequent fertility. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 1230–3.
16. Yu D, Wong YM, Cheong Y et al. Asherman syndrome-one century later. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 759–79.
17. Zikopoulos KA, Kolibianakis EM, Platteau P et al. Live delivery rates in subfertile women with Asherman’s syndrome after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis using the resectoscope or the Versapoint system. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 8: 720–5.
18. Chapman R, Chapman K. The value of two stage laser treatment for severe Asherman’s syndrome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996; 103: 1256–8.
19. Newton JR, MacKenzie WE, Emens MJ, Jordan JA. Division of uterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome) with the Nd-YAG laser. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1989; 96: 102–4.
20. McComb PF, Wagner BL. Simplified therapy for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1997; 68: 1047–50.
21. Protopapas A, Shushan A, Magos A. Myometrial scoring: a new technique for the management of severe Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 860–4.
22. Chen FP, Soong YK, Hui YL. Successful treatment of severe uterine synechiae with transcervical resectoscopy combined with laminaria tent. Hum Reprod 1997; 12: 943–7.
23. Valle RF, Sciarra JJ. Intrauterine adhesions: hysteroscopic diagnosis classification, treatment, and reproductive outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 1459–70.
24. Kodaman P, Arici A. Intra-uterine adhesions and fertility outcome: how to optimize success? Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2007; 19: 207–14.
25. Polishuk WZ, Kohane S. Intrauterine adhesions: diagnosis and therapy. Obstet Gynecol Digest 1966; 8: 41.
26. Ventolini G, Zhang M, Gruber J. Hysteroscopy in the evaluation of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Surg Endosc 2004; 18: 1782–4.
27. Polishuk WZ, Weinstein D. The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Acta Eur Fertil 1976; 7: 215–8.
28. Vesce F, Jorizzo G, Bianciotto A, Gotti G. Use of the copper intrauterine device in the management of secondary amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2000; 73: 162–5.
29. March CM. Intrauterine adhesions. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1995; 22: 491–505.
30. Deans R, Abbott J. Review of intrauterine adhesions. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2010; 17: 555–69.
31. March CM. Management of Asherman syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 23: 63–76.
32. Lin X, Wei M, Li TC et al. A comparison of intrauterine balloon, intrauterine contraceptive device and hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of adhesion reformation following hysteroscopic surgery for Asherman syndrome: a cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 512–6.
33. Asherman JG. Traumatic intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 1950; 57: 892–6.
34. March C, Israel R, March A. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 130: 653–7.
35. Ismajovich B, Lidor A, Confino E, David MP. Treatment of minimal and moderate intrauterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome). J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 769–72.
36. Amer MI, Abd-El-Maeboud KH. Amnion graft following hysteroscopic lysis of intrauterine adhesions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2006; 32: 559–66.
37. Orhue AA, Aziken ME, Igbefoh JO. A comparison of two adjunctive treatments for intrauterine adhesions following lysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003; 82: 49–56.
38. Pellicano M, Bramante S, Cirillo D et al. Effectiveness of autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel after laparoscopic myomectomy in infertile patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 441–4.
39. Guida M, Acunzo G, di Spiezio Sardo A et al. Effectiveness of auto-crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 1461–4.
40. Metwally M, Watson A, Lilford R, Vandekerckhove P. Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; 19: CD001298.
41. Reijnen MM, Falk P, van Goor H, Holmdahl L. The antiadhesive agent sodium hyaluronate increases the proliferation rate of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Fertil Steril 2000; 74: 146–51.
42. Carta G, Cerrone L, Iovenitti P. Postoperative adhesion prevention in gynecologic surgery with hyaluronic acid. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2004; 31: 39–41.
43. Mais V, Cirronis MG, Peiretti M et al. Efficacy of auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel for adhesion prevention in laparoscopy and hysteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 160: 1–5.
44. Tsapanos VS, Stathopoulou LP, Papathanassopoulou VS, Tzingounis VA. The role of Seprafilm bioresorbable membrane in the prevention and therapy of endometrial synechiae. J Biomed Mater Res 2002; 63: 10–4.
45. Robertson D, Lefebvre G, Leyland N et al. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. SOGC clinical practice guidelines Adhesion prevention in gynaecological surgery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010; 111: 193–7.
46. Kim T, Ahn KH, Choi DS et al. A randomized, multi-center, clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of alginate carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid compared to carboxymethylcellulose hyaluronic acid to prevent postoperative intrauterine adhesion. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012; 19: 731–6.
47. Sugimoto O. Diagnostic and therapeutic hysteroscopy for traumatic intrauterine adhesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131: 539–47.
48. Magos A. Hysteroscopic treatment of Asherman’s syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2002; 4 (Suppl. 3): 46–51.
49. Myers EM, Hurst BS. Comprehensive management of severe Asherman syndrome and amenorrhea. Fertil Steril 2012; 97: 160–4.
50. Sher G, Fisch JD. Vaginal sildenafil (Viagra): a preliminary report of a novel method to improve uterine artery blood flow and endometrial development in patients undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod 2000; 15: 806–9.
51. Takasaki A, Tamura H, Miwa I et al. Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium. Fertil Steril 2010; 93: 1851–8.
52. Zinger M, Liu JH, Thomas MA. Successful use of vaginal sildenafil citrate in two infertility patients with Asherman’s syndrome. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2006; 15: 442–4.
53. Gargett CE, Nguyen HP, Ye L. Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13: 235–51.
54. Nagori CB, Panchal SY, Patel H. Endometrial regeneration using autologous adult stem cells followed by conception by in vitro fertilization in a patient of severe Asherman’s syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2011; 4: 43–8.
55. Santamaria Х, Cabanillas S, Cervelloґ I et al. Autologous cell therapy with CD1331 bone marrow-derived stem cells for refractory Asherman’s syndrome and endometrial atrophy: a pilot cohort study. Hum Reprod 2016; p. 1–10.
56. Rein DT, Schmidt T, Hess AP et al. Hysteroscopic management of residual trophoblastic tissue is superior to ultrasound-guided curettage. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2011; 18: 774–8.
57. Tam WH, Lau WC, Cheung LP et al. Intrauterine adhesions after conservative and surgical management of spontaneous abortion. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 2002; 9: 182–5.
58. Kulier R, Kapp N, Glmezoglu AM et al. Medical methods for first trimester abortion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 9: CD002855.
59. Neilson JP, Gyte GM, Hickey M et al. Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 28: 3. CD007223.
60. Roy KK, Baruah J, Sharma JB et al. Reproductive outcome following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis in patients with infertility due to Asherman’s syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 355–61.
61. Yu D, Li TC, Xia E et al. Factors affecting reproductive outcome of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for Asherman’s syndrome. Fertil Steril 2008; 89: 715–22.
62. Farhi J, Bar-Hava I, Homburg R et al. Induced regeneration of endometrium following curettage for abortion: a comparative study. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1143–4.
63. Tu Chun-Hua, Yang Xiao-Li, Qin Xiao-Yun et al. Management of intrauterine adhesions: A novel intrauterine device. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81: 394–6.
64. Zhang Y, Lin X, Dai Y et al. Endometrial stem cells repair injured endometrium and induce angiogenesis via AKT and ERK pathways. Reproduction 2016. pii: REP-16-0286.
65. Di Spiezio Sardo A, Calagna G, Scognamiglio M et al. Prevention of intrauterine post-surgical adhesions in hysteroscopy. A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 203: 182–92.
66. Liu AZ, Zhao HG, Gao Y et al. Effectiveness of estrogen treatment before transcervical resection of adhesions on moderate and severe uterine adhesion patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; p. 1–4.
67. Lasmar RB, Barrozo PR, Parente RC et al. Hysteroscopic evaluation in patients with in fertility. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2010; 32: 393–7.
68. Preutthipan S, Linasmita V. A prospective comparative study between hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in the detection of intra-uterine pathology in patients with infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2003; 29: 33–7.
69. Xue X, Chen Q, Zhao G et al. The Overexpression of TGF-b and CCN2 in Intrauterine Adhesions Involves the NF-kB Signaling Pathway. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (12): e0146159.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146159
70. Singh N, Mohanty S, Seth T et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in refractory Asherman's syndrome: A novel cell based therapy. J Hum Reprod Sci 2014; 7: 93–8.
Авторы
П.М.Хириева*, Л.В.Адамян, С.А.Мартынов
ФГБУ Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И.Кулакова Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4
*dr.khirieva@rambler.ru
V.I.Kulakov Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Akademika Oparina, d. 4
*dr.khirieva@rambler.ru
ФГБУ Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И.Кулакова Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4
*dr.khirieva@rambler.ru
________________________________________________
V.I.Kulakov Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Akademika Oparina, d. 4
*dr.khirieva@rambler.ru
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