Профиль экспрессии генов иммунного ответа во влагалище женщин при комплексной терапии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза
Профиль экспрессии генов иммунного ответа во влагалище женщин при комплексной терапии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза
Погосян Ш.М., Межевитинова Е.А., Абакарова П.Р. и др. Профиль экспрессии генов иммунного ответа во влагалище женщин при комплексной терапии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза. Гинекология. 2017; 19 (3): 49–54. DOI: 10.26442/2079-5696_19.3.49-54
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Pogosyan Sh.M., Mezhevitinova E.A., Abakarova P.R. et al. The profile of the expression of the immune response genes in the vagina of women in the complex therapy of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Gynecology. 2017; 19 (3): 49–54. DOI: 10.26442/2079-5696_19.3.49-54
Профиль экспрессии генов иммунного ответа во влагалище женщин при комплексной терапии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза
Погосян Ш.М., Межевитинова Е.А., Абакарова П.Р. и др. Профиль экспрессии генов иммунного ответа во влагалище женщин при комплексной терапии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза. Гинекология. 2017; 19 (3): 49–54. DOI: 10.26442/2079-5696_19.3.49-54
________________________________________________
Pogosyan Sh.M., Mezhevitinova E.A., Abakarova P.R. et al. The profile of the expression of the immune response genes in the vagina of women in the complex therapy of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Gynecology. 2017; 19 (3): 49–54. DOI: 10.26442/2079-5696_19.3.49-54
Иммунная система имеет ключевую роль в развитии кандидозной инфекции. Известно, что клетки врожденного иммунитета (нейтрофилы и макрофаги) являются первой линией защиты организма при кандидозе и осуществляют фагоцитоз грибковых клеток. Протективную роль играет также адаптивный иммунитет путем активации Th-клеток, а баланс Th1- и Th2-клеток имеет важное значение для регуляции иммунного ответа. Распознавание грибковых клеток рецепторами распознавания паттерна приводит к синтезу провоспалительных цитокинов, активации иммунной системы и элиминации грибковых клеток. Тем не менее было показано, что Candida albicans ингибирует иммунный ответ, что приводит к развитию грибковой инфекции. Цель исследования – изучение состояния вагинальной микробиоты и особенностей локального иммунного ответа у женщин с рецидивирующим вульвовагинальным кандидозом для усовершенствования тактики их ведения. Результаты. Наши данные показали, что наличие дисбиотических нарушений вагинальной микрофлоры является фактором риска развития рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза, а активность локальной иммунной системы более выражена при развитии рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза на фоне вагинального дисбиоза. Ключевые слова: вульвовагинальный кандидоз, рецидивирующий вульвовагинальный кандидоз, терапия рецидивирующего вульвовагинального кандидоза, иммунный ответ при вульвовагинальном кандидозе, профиль экспрессии генов при вульвовагинальном кандидозе.
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Host immunity against Candida albicans is crucial in controlling C. albicans infection. The innate immunity is believed to be the first line of host defense, such as the direct killing of yeasts through phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages. In addition to innate immune cells, an adjunctive protective effect is played by cellular adaptive immunity represented by Th lymphocytes. The balance of various Th cell subpopulations plays a crucial role in regulating the prognosis of C. albicans infection. Yeasts cell recognition by pattern recognition receptors leads to proinflammatory cytokines synthesis, cause immune system activation and yeast cells killing. However it was demonstrated that C. albicans inhibits immune response which cause infection. Aim – studying vaginal microbiota and the local immune response in women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis for improving the tactics of their management. Results. Our date demonstrates that vaginal disbiosis are risk factor for RVVC and leads to more active innate immune system response. Key words: vulvovaginal candidiasis, recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis, immune response to vulvovaginal candidiasis, genes expression profile during vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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7. Netea MG, Brown GD, Kullberg BJ, Gow NAR. An integrated model of the recognition of Candida albicans by the innate immune system. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008; 6 (1): 67–78.
8. Roeder A, Kirschning CJ, Rupec RA et al. Toll-like receptors as key mediators in innate antifungal immunity. Med Mycol 2004; 42 (6): 485–98.
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11. Gaffen SL, Hernández-Santos N, Peterson AC. IL-17 signaling in host defense against Candida albicans. Immunol Res 2011; 50 (2–3): 181–7.
12. Gladiator A, Wangler N, Trautwein-Weidner K, LeibundGut-Landmann S. Cutting edge: IL-17-secreting innate lymphoid cells are essential for host defense against fungal infection. J Immunol 2013; 190 (2): 521–5.
13. LeibundGut-Landmann S, Wüthrich M, Hohl TM. Immunity to fungi. Cur Opin Immunol 2012; 24 (4): 449–58.
14. Wuthrich M, Deepe GS, Klein B. Adaptive immunity to fungi. Annu Rev Immunol 2012; 30: 115–48.
15. Sallusto F, Zielinski CE, Lanzavecchia A. Human Th17 subsets. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42 (9): 2215–20.
16. Kuchroo VK, Awasthi A. Emerging new roles of Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42 (9): 2211–4.
17. Borges S, Silva J, Teixeira P. The role of lactobacilli and probiotics in maintaining vaginal health. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 289 (3): 479–89.
18. Coudeyras S, Jugie G, Vermerie M, Forestier C. Adhesion of human probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus to cervical and vaginal cells and interaction with vaginosis-associated pathogens. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2008; 2008.
19. Zárate G, Nader-Macias ME. Influence of probiotic vaginal lactobacilli on in vitro adhesion of urogenital pathogens to vaginal epithelial cells. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006; 43 (2): 174–80.
20. Reid G, Kim SO, Köhler GA. Selecting, testing and understanding probiotic microorganisms. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2006; 46 (2): 149–57.
21. Ehrström S, Daroczy K, Rylander E et al. Lactic acid bacteria colonization and clinical outcome after probiotic supplementation in conventionally treated bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Microbes Infect 2010; 12 (10): 691–9.
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25. Lamont RF, Sobel JD, Akins RA et al. The vaginal microbiome: New information about genital tract flora using molecular based techniques. BJOG: An Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2011; 118 (5): 533–49.
26. Foster LM, Tompkins TA, Dahl WJ. A comprehensive post-market review of studies on a probiotic product containing Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011. Benef Microbes 2011; 2 (4): 319–34.
27. Ma B, Forney LJ, Ravel J. Vaginal microbiome: rethinking health and disease. Annu Rev Microbiol 2012; 66: 371–89.
28. Gopinath S, Iwasaki A. Cervicovaginal Microbiota: Simple Is Better. Immunity 2015; 42 (5): 790–1.
29. Liu MB, Xu SR, He Y et al. Diverse vaginal microbiomes in reproductive-age women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. PLoS One 2013; 8 (11).
30. Hise AG, Tomalka J, Ganesan S et al. An essential role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in host defense against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Cell Host Microbe 2009; 5 (5): 487–97.
31. Steele C, Fidel PL. Cytokine and chemokine production by human oral and vaginal epithelial cells in response to Candida albicans. Infect Immun 2002; 70 (2): 577–83.
32. Cheng S-C, van de Veerdonk F, Smeekens S et al. Candida albicans dampens host defense by downregulating IL-17 production. J Immunol 2010; 185 (4): 2450–7.
33. Van de Veerdonk FL, Marijnissen RJ, Kullberg BJ et al. The Macrophage Mannose Receptor Induces IL-17 in Response to Candida albicans. Cell Host Microbe 2009; 5 (4): 329–40.
34. Zipfel PF, Skerka C, Kupka D, Luo S. Immune escape of the human facultative pathogenic yeast Candida albicans: The many faces of the Candida Pra1 protein. Int J Med Microbiol 2011; 301 (5): 423–30.
35. Gantner BN, Simmons RM, Underhill DM. Dectin-1 mediates macrophage recognition of Candida albicans yeast but not filaments. EMBO J 2005; 24; 6: 1277–86.
36. Heinsbroek SEM, Brown GD, Gordon S. Dectin-1 escape by fungal dimorphism. Trends Immunol 2005; 26 (7): 352–4.
________________________________________________
1. De Leon EM., Jacober SJ, Sobel JD, Foxman B. Prevalence and risk factors for vaginal Candida colonization in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. BMC Infect Dis 2002; 2: 1.
2. Mendling W, Niemann D, Tintelnot K. Vaginal Colonisation with Candida Species with Special Focus on Candida dubliniensis. A Prospective Study. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd; 67 (10): 1132–7.
3. Paulitsch A, Weger W, Ginter-Hanselmayer G et al. A 5-year (2000–2004) epidemiological survey of Candida and non-Candida yeast species causing vulvovaginal candidiasis in Graz, Austria. Mycoses 2006; 49 (6): 471–5.
4. Prilepskaia V.N., Mirzabalaeva A.K., Kira E.F. i dr. Diagnostika i lechenie zabolevanii, soprovozhdaiushchikhsia patologicheskimi vydeleniiami iz polovykh putei zhenshchin. M., 2013; s. 1–24. [in Russian]
5. Sobel JD, Faro S, Force RW et al. Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 178 (2): 203–11.
6. Foxman B, Muraglia R, Dietz J-P et al. Prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in 5 European countries and the United States: results from an internet panel survey. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2013; 17 (3): 340–5.
7. Netea MG, Brown GD, Kullberg BJ, Gow NAR. An integrated model of the recognition of Candida albicans by the innate immune system. Nat Rev Microbiol 2008; 6 (1): 67–78.
8. Roeder A, Kirschning CJ, Rupec RA et al. Toll-like receptors as key mediators in innate antifungal immunity. Med Mycol 2004; 42 (6): 485–98.
9. Naglik JR, Moyes D. Epithelial cell innate response to Candida albicans. Adv Dent Res 2011; 23 (1): 50–5.
10. Hernández-Santos N, Gaffen SL. Th17 cells in immunity to Candida albicans. Cell Host and Microbe 2012; 11 (5): 425–35.
11. Gaffen SL, Hernández-Santos N, Peterson AC. IL-17 signaling in host defense against Candida albicans. Immunol Res 2011; 50 (2–3): 181–7.
12. Gladiator A, Wangler N, Trautwein-Weidner K, LeibundGut-Landmann S. Cutting edge: IL-17-secreting innate lymphoid cells are essential for host defense against fungal infection. J Immunol 2013; 190 (2): 521–5.
13. LeibundGut-Landmann S, Wüthrich M, Hohl TM. Immunity to fungi. Cur Opin Immunol 2012; 24 (4): 449–58.
14. Wuthrich M, Deepe GS, Klein B. Adaptive immunity to fungi. Annu Rev Immunol 2012; 30: 115–48.
15. Sallusto F, Zielinski CE, Lanzavecchia A. Human Th17 subsets. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42 (9): 2215–20.
16. Kuchroo VK, Awasthi A. Emerging new roles of Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42 (9): 2211–4.
17. Borges S, Silva J, Teixeira P. The role of lactobacilli and probiotics in maintaining vaginal health. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 289 (3): 479–89.
18. Coudeyras S, Jugie G, Vermerie M, Forestier C. Adhesion of human probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus to cervical and vaginal cells and interaction with vaginosis-associated pathogens. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2008; 2008.
19. Zárate G, Nader-Macias ME. Influence of probiotic vaginal lactobacilli on in vitro adhesion of urogenital pathogens to vaginal epithelial cells. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006; 43 (2): 174–80.
20. Reid G, Kim SO, Köhler GA. Selecting, testing and understanding probiotic microorganisms. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2006; 46 (2): 149–57.
21. Ehrström S, Daroczy K, Rylander E et al. Lactic acid bacteria colonization and clinical outcome after probiotic supplementation in conventionally treated bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Microbes Infect 2010; 12 (10): 691–9.
22. For U. ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107 (5): 1195–206.
23. Burmenskaia O.V. Molekuliarno-geneticheskie markery immunnogo otveta pri vospalitel'nykh zabolevaniiakh organov zhenskoi reproduktivnoi sistemy. Dis. ... d-ra med. nauk. M., 2014. [in Russian]
24. Burmenskaia O.V., Bairamova G.R., Nepsha O.S. i dr. Sostoianie lokal'nogo immuniteta pri khronicheskom retsidiviruiushchem vul'vovaginal'nom kandidoze. Akush. i ginekol. 2011; 1. [in Russian]
25. Lamont RF, Sobel JD, Akins RA et al. The vaginal microbiome: New information about genital tract flora using molecular based techniques. BJOG: An Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2011; 118 (5): 533–49.
26. Foster LM, Tompkins TA, Dahl WJ. A comprehensive post-market review of studies on a probiotic product containing Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011. Benef Microbes 2011; 2 (4): 319–34.
27. Ma B, Forney LJ, Ravel J. Vaginal microbiome: rethinking health and disease. Annu Rev Microbiol 2012; 66: 371–89.
28. Gopinath S, Iwasaki A. Cervicovaginal Microbiota: Simple Is Better. Immunity 2015; 42 (5): 790–1.
29. Liu MB, Xu SR, He Y et al. Diverse vaginal microbiomes in reproductive-age women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. PLoS One 2013; 8 (11).
30. Hise AG, Tomalka J, Ganesan S et al. An essential role for the NLRP3 inflammasome in host defense against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Cell Host Microbe 2009; 5 (5): 487–97.
31. Steele C, Fidel PL. Cytokine and chemokine production by human oral and vaginal epithelial cells in response to Candida albicans. Infect Immun 2002; 70 (2): 577–83.
32. Cheng S-C, van de Veerdonk F, Smeekens S et al. Candida albicans dampens host defense by downregulating IL-17 production. J Immunol 2010; 185 (4): 2450–7.
33. Van de Veerdonk FL, Marijnissen RJ, Kullberg BJ et al. The Macrophage Mannose Receptor Induces IL-17 in Response to Candida albicans. Cell Host Microbe 2009; 5 (4): 329–40.
34. Zipfel PF, Skerka C, Kupka D, Luo S. Immune escape of the human facultative pathogenic yeast Candida albicans: The many faces of the Candida Pra1 protein. Int J Med Microbiol 2011; 301 (5): 423–30.
35. Gantner BN, Simmons RM, Underhill DM. Dectin-1 mediates macrophage recognition of Candida albicans yeast but not filaments. EMBO J 2005; 24; 6: 1277–86.
36. Heinsbroek SEM, Brown GD, Gordon S. Dectin-1 escape by fungal dimorphism. Trends Immunol 2005; 26 (7): 352–4.
ФГБУ «Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И.Кулакова» Минздрава России. 117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4
*shaqpoxos@mail.ru
V.I.Kulakov Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 117997, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Akademika Oparina, d. 4
*shaqpoxos@mail.ru