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Персональный подбор гормональной контрацепции
Персональный подбор гормональной контрацепции
Кузнецова И.В. Персональный подбор гормональной контрацепции. Гинекология. 2017; 19 (4): 36–43. DOI: 10.26442/2079-5696_19.4.36-43
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Аннотация
Гормональная контрацепция является высокоэффективным средством предохранения от нежеланной беременности и широко применяется во всем мире уже более 50 лет. К сожалению, в России женщины по-прежнему не столь часто прибегают к использованию гормональных контрацептивов, как жительницы Европы, Северной и Южной Америки. Одной из причин отсутствия должного распространения гормональных противозачаточных средств в нашей стране остаются недостаточная осведомленность о полезных свойствах контрацепции наряду с преувеличенным представлением о негативных последствиях приема гормонов, а также недостаток времени у медицинского работника на адекватное консультирование. Для преодоления этой проблемы необходимо создавать легкие в использовании алгоритмы действий практикующего врача, помогающие максимально упростить и оптимизировать выбор гормонального контрацептивного средства для каждой конкретной женщины в зависимости от состояния ее здоровья, репродуктивного статуса и возраста. В данной публикации содержится пример подобного алгоритма, включающего варианты назначения оральных контрацептивных препаратов для разных групп женщин.
Ключевые слова: гормональная контрацепция, комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, лечебные эффекты гормональной контрацепции, хлормадинон, диеногест, дроспиренон, дезогестрел, гестоден.
Key words: hormonal contraception, combined oral contraceptives, therapeutic effects of hormonal contraception, chloromadinone, dienogest, drospirenone, desogestrel, gestodene.
Ключевые слова: гормональная контрацепция, комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, лечебные эффекты гормональной контрацепции, хлормадинон, диеногест, дроспиренон, дезогестрел, гестоден.
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Key words: hormonal contraception, combined oral contraceptives, therapeutic effects of hormonal contraception, chloromadinone, dienogest, drospirenone, desogestrel, gestodene.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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54. Beral V, Doll R, Hermon C et al. Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls. Lancet 2008; 371: 303–14.
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2. Veljković́ M, Veljković́ S. The risk of breast, cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer in oral contraceptive users. Med Pregl 2010; 63 (9–10): 657–61.
3. Dossus L, Allen N, Kaaks R et al. Reproductive risk factors and endometrial cancer: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2010; 127 (2): 442–51.
4. Vessey M, Yeates D, Flynn S. Factors affecting mortality in a large cohort study with special reference to oral contraceptive use. Contraception 2010; 82 (3): 221–9.
5. Schindler AE. Non-contraceptive benefits of oral hormonal contraceptives. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 11 (1): 41–7.
6. Weill A, Dalichampt M, Raguideau F et al. Low dose oestrogen combined oral contraception and risk of pulmonary embolism, stroke, and myocardial infarction in five million French women: cohort study. BMJ 2016; 353: i2002.
7. Mayeda ER, Torgal AH, Westhoff CL. Weight and Body Composition Changes During Oral Contraceptive Use in Obese and Normal Weight Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2014; 23 (1): 38–43.
8. Blum RW, Astone NM, Decker MR et al. A conceptual framework for early adolescence: A platform for research. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2014; 26: 321e31.
9. Anttila L, Bachmann G, Hernadi L et al. Contraceptive efficacy of a combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol 20 mg/drospirenone 3 mg administered in a 24/4 regimen: a pooled analysis of four open-label studies. Eur Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 155 (2): 180–2.
10. Dinger J, Minh TD, Buttmann N et al. Effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills in a large U.S. cohort comparing progestogen and regimen. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117: 33–40.
11. Dinger JC, Heinemann LA, Kuhl-Habich D. The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: Final results from the European active surveillance study on oral contraceptives based on 142, 475 women-years of observation. Contraception 2007; 75: 344–54.
12. Lidegaard Ø, Løkkegaard E, Svendsen AL, Agger C. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2890.
13. Reid RL, Westhoff C, Mansour D et al. Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism consensus opinion from an international workshop held in Berlin, Germany in December 2009. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 117–22.
14. Shapiro S, Dinger J. Risk of venous thromboembolism among users of oral contraceptives: A review of two recently published studies. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 33–8.
15. Szarewski A, Mansour D, Shulman LP. 50 years of ‘The Pill’: Celebrating a golden anniversary. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care2010; 36: 231–8.
16. Van Hylckama Vlieg A, Helmerhorst FM, Vandenbroucke JP et al. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: Results of the MEGA case-control study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2921.
17. Rothman KJ, Wise LA, Sørensen HT et al. Volitional Determinants and Age-related Decline in Fecundability: A General Population Prospective Cohort Study in Denmark. Fertil Steril 2013; 99 (7): 1958–64.
18. Holinka CF, Brincat M, Coelingh Bennink HJT. Preventive effect of oral estetrol in a menopausal hot flash model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 15–21.
19. Coelingh Bennink HJT, Heegaard A-M, Visser M et al. Oral bioavailability and bone-sparing effects of estetrol in an osteoporosis model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 2–14.
20. Kannis JA, Adams J, Borgström F et al. The cost-effectiveness of alendronate in the management of osteoporosis. Bone 2008; 42 (1): 4–15.
21. Allali F, Mansouri L, Abourazzak F et al. The effect of past use of oral contraceptive on bone mineral density, bone biochemical markers and muscle strength in healthy pre and post menopausal women. BMC Women’s Health 2009; 9: 31.
22. Bonafede MM, Miller JD, Lukes AS et al. Retrospective database analysis of clinical outcomes and costs for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding among women enrolled in US Medicaid programs. Clinin Econom Outcom Res 2014; 6: 423–9.
23. Allen RH, Cwiak CA. Contraception for midlife women. Menopause 2016; 23 (1): 183–91.
24. Che Y, Liu X, Zhang B, Cheng L. Oral contraception following abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95 (27): e3825.
25. Mueck AO. Dinogest: an oral progestogen for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert Rev Obstet Gynecol 2011; 6 (1): 5–15.
26. Hall KS, Trussell J, Schwarz EB. Progestin-only contraceptive pill use among women in the United States. Contraception 2012; 86 (6): 653–8.
27. Virkus RA, Løkkegaard EC, Bergholt T et al. Venous thromboembolism in pregnant and puerperal women in Denmark 1995-2005. A national cohort study. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106 (2): 304–9.
28. Practice Bulletin. Noncontraceptive Uses of Hormonal Contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 15 (1): 206–18.
29. Caruso S, Iraci M, Cianci S et al. Comparative, open-label prospective study on the quality of life and sexual function of women affected by endometriosis-associated pelvic pain on 2 mg dienogest/30 µg ethinyl estradiol continuous or 21/7 regimen oral contraceptive. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 8: 923–31.
30. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 136: Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated With Ovulatory Dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 176–85.
31. ACOG. Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in non-pregnant women. Committee Opinion № 557. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 121: 891–6.
32. Munro MG et al for the FIGO Working Group on Menstrual Disorders. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Intern J Gynecol Obstet 2011; 113: 3–13.
33. SOGC. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Pre-Menopausal Women 2013; 35 (5; Suppl. 1): 1–28.
34. Podzolkova N.M., Kuznetsova I.V. Primenenie marvelona v prolongirovannom rezhime v kachestve protivoretsidivnoi terapii giperplasticheskikh protsessov endometriia. Akush. i ginekol. 2007; 1: 53–7. [in Russian]
35. Chandra V, Kim JJ, Benbrook DM et al. Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia. J Gynecol Oncol 2016; 27 (1): e8.
36. Karakhalis L.Iu., Fedorovich O.K., Basina I.B., Chervonnaia I.Iu. Vliianie patogeneticheski obosnovannoi terapii adenomioza na ego techenie. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2009; 5: 18–24. [in Russian]
37. Toxqui L, Perez-Granados AM, Blanco-Rojo R et al. A simple and feasible questionnaire to estimate menstrual blood loss: relationship with hematological and gynecological parameters in young women. BMC Women’s Health 2014; 14: 71.
38. Gierisch JM, Coeytaux RR, Urrutia RP et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast, cervical, colorectal, and endometrial cancers: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22 (11): 1931–43.
39. Goodman NF, Cobin RH, Futterweit W et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: Guide to the Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – part 1. Endocr Pract 2015; 21 (11): 1291–300.
40. Arowojolu AO, Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA. Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 7: CD004425.
41. Ragimova Z.E., Kail'-Goriachkina M.V. Mezhdistsiplinarnye aspekty androgen-zavisimoi dermopatii (obzor literatury). Consilium Medicum. Dermatology (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2016; 3: 56–62. [in Russian]
42. Naessé́n S, Carlströ̈m K, Byströ̈̈m B et al. Effects of an antiandrogenic oral contraceptive on appetite and eating behavior in bulimic women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32 (5): 548–54.
43. Sitruk-Ware R, Nath A. Characteristics and metabolic effects of estrogen and progestins contained in oral contraceptive pills. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 27 (1): 13–24.
44. Bäckström T, Haage D, Löfgren M et al. Paradoxical effects of GABA-A modulators may explain sex steroid induced negative mood symptoms in some persons. Neuroscience 2011; 191: 46–54.
45. Brown J, O’Brien PMS, Marjoribanks J, Wyatt K. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2: CD001396.
46. Bitzer J, Paoletti AM. Added benefits and user satisfaction with a low-dose oral contraceptive containing drospirenone: results of three multicentre trials. Clin Drug Invest 2009; 29 (2): 73–8.
47. Aganezova N.V., Linde V.A. Klinicheskii opyt primeneniia kombinirovannogo monofaznogo oral'nogo kontratseptiva s drospirenonom pri sindrome predmenstrual'nogo napriazheniia. Problemy reproduktsii. 2008; 1: 66–72. [in Russian]
48. Sasunova R.A., Mezhevitinova E.A. Predmenstrual'nyi sindrom. Gynecology. 2007; 9 (6): 34–8. [in Russian]
49. Rapkin AJ. YAZ in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Reprod Med 2008; 53 (Suppl. 9): 729–41.
50. Breech LL, Braverman PK. Safety, efficacy, actions, and patient acceptability of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol contraceptive pills in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Int J Womens Health 2009; 1: 85–95.
51. Gevorkian M.A., Manukhina E.I., Smirnova S.O., Kuznetsova E.M. Profilaktika formirovaniia funktsional'nykh kist (klinicheskaia lektsiia). Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2015. [in Russian]
52. Moorman PG, Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM et al. Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 4188–98.
53. Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM, Moorman PG et al. Oral contraceptive use for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2013; 212: 514.
54. Beral V, Doll R, Hermon C et al. Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls. Lancet 2008; 371: 303–14.
55. Havrilesky LJ, Moorman PG, Lowery WJ et al. Oral contraceptive pills as primary prevention for ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 139–47.
56. Mantha S, Karp R, Raghavan V et al. Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis. BMJ 2012; 14: e4944.
57. Tabeeva G.R., Gromova S.A. Estrogeny i migren'. Nevrologicheskii zhurn. 2009; 5: 45–53. [in Russian]
2. Veljković́ M, Veljković́ S. The risk of breast, cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer in oral contraceptive users. Med Pregl 2010; 63 (9–10): 657–61.
3. Dossus L, Allen N, Kaaks R et al. Reproductive risk factors and endometrial cancer: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2010; 127 (2): 442–51.
4. Vessey M, Yeates D, Flynn S. Factors affecting mortality in a large cohort study with special reference to oral contraceptive use. Contraception 2010; 82 (3): 221–9.
5. Schindler AE. Non-contraceptive benefits of oral hormonal contraceptives. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 11 (1): 41–7.
6. Weill A, Dalichampt M, Raguideau F et al. Low dose oestrogen combined oral contraception and risk of pulmonary embolism, stroke, and myocardial infarction in five million French women: cohort study. BMJ 2016; 353: i2002.
7. Mayeda ER, Torgal AH, Westhoff CL. Weight and Body Composition Changes During Oral Contraceptive Use in Obese and Normal Weight Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2014; 23 (1): 38–43.
8. Blum RW, Astone NM, Decker MR et al. A conceptual framework for early adolescence: A platform for research. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2014; 26: 321e31.
9. Anttila L, Bachmann G, Hernadi L et al. Contraceptive efficacy of a combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol 20 mg/drospirenone 3 mg administered in a 24/4 regimen: a pooled analysis of four open-label studies. Eur Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 155 (2): 180–2.
10. Dinger J, Minh TD, Buttmann N et al. Effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills in a large U.S. cohort comparing progestogen and regimen. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117: 33–40.
11. Dinger JC, Heinemann LA, Kuhl-Habich D. The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: Final results from the European active surveillance study on oral contraceptives based on 142, 475 women-years of observation. Contraception 2007; 75: 344–54.
12. Lidegaard Ø, Løkkegaard E, Svendsen AL, Agger C. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2890.
13. Reid RL, Westhoff C, Mansour D et al. Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism consensus opinion from an international workshop held in Berlin, Germany in December 2009. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 117–22.
14. Shapiro S, Dinger J. Risk of venous thromboembolism among users of oral contraceptives: A review of two recently published studies. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 33–8.
15. Szarewski A, Mansour D, Shulman LP. 50 years of ‘The Pill’: Celebrating a golden anniversary. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care2010; 36: 231–8.
16. Van Hylckama Vlieg A, Helmerhorst FM, Vandenbroucke JP et al. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: Results of the MEGA case-control study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2921.
17. Rothman KJ, Wise LA, Sørensen HT et al. Volitional Determinants and Age-related Decline in Fecundability: A General Population Prospective Cohort Study in Denmark. Fertil Steril 2013; 99 (7): 1958–64.
18. Holinka CF, Brincat M, Coelingh Bennink HJT. Preventive effect of oral estetrol in a menopausal hot flash model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 15–21.
19. Coelingh Bennink HJT, Heegaard A-M, Visser M et al. Oral bioavailability and bone-sparing effects of estetrol in an osteoporosis model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 2–14.
20. Kannis JA, Adams J, Borgström F et al. The cost-effectiveness of alendronate in the management of osteoporosis. Bone 2008; 42 (1): 4–15.
21. Allali F, Mansouri L, Abourazzak F et al. The effect of past use of oral contraceptive on bone mineral density, bone biochemical markers and muscle strength in healthy pre and post menopausal women. BMC Women’s Health 2009; 9: 31.
22. Bonafede MM, Miller JD, Lukes AS et al. Retrospective database analysis of clinical outcomes and costs for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding among women enrolled in US Medicaid programs. Clinin Econom Outcom Res 2014; 6: 423–9.
23. Allen RH, Cwiak CA. Contraception for midlife women. Menopause 2016; 23 (1): 183–91.
24. Che Y, Liu X, Zhang B, Cheng L. Oral contraception following abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95 (27): e3825.
25. Mueck AO. Dinogest: an oral progestogen for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert Rev Obstet Gynecol 2011; 6 (1): 5–15.
26. Hall KS, Trussell J, Schwarz EB. Progestin-only contraceptive pill use among women in the United States. Contraception 2012; 86 (6): 653–8.
27. Virkus RA, Løkkegaard EC, Bergholt T et al. Venous thromboembolism in pregnant and puerperal women in Denmark 1995-2005. A national cohort study. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106 (2): 304–9.
28. Practice Bulletin. Noncontraceptive Uses of Hormonal Contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 15 (1): 206–18.
29. Caruso S, Iraci M, Cianci S et al. Comparative, open-label prospective study on the quality of life and sexual function of women affected by endometriosis-associated pelvic pain on 2 mg dienogest/30 µg ethinyl estradiol continuous or 21/7 regimen oral contraceptive. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 8: 923–31.
30. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 136: Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated With Ovulatory Dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 176–85.
31. ACOG. Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in non-pregnant women. Committee Opinion № 557. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 121: 891–6.
32. Munro MG et al for the FIGO Working Group on Menstrual Disorders. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Intern J Gynecol Obstet 2011; 113: 3–13.
33. SOGC. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Pre-Menopausal Women 2013; 35 (5; Suppl. 1): 1–28.
34. Подзолкова Н.М., Кузнецова И.В. Применение марвелона в пролонгированном режиме в качестве противорецидивной терапии гиперпластических процессов эндометрия. Акуш. и гинекол. 2007; 1: 53–7. / Podzolkova N.M., Kuznetsova I.V. Primenenie marvelona v prolongirovannom rezhime v kachestve protivoretsidivnoi terapii giperplasticheskikh protsessov endometriia. Akush. i ginekol. 2007; 1: 53–7. [in Russian]
35. Chandra V, Kim JJ, Benbrook DM et al. Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia. J Gynecol Oncol 2016; 27 (1): e8.
36. Карахалис Л.Ю., Федорович О.К., Басина И.Б., Червонная И.Ю. Влияние патогенетически обоснованной терапии аденомиоза на его течение. Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2009; 5: 18–24. / Karakhalis L.Iu., Fedorovich O.K., Basina I.B., Chervonnaia I.Iu. Vliianie patogeneticheski obosnovannoi terapii adenomioza na ego techenie. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2009; 5: 18–24. [in Russian]
37. Toxqui L, Perez-Granados AM, Blanco-Rojo R et al. A simple and feasible questionnaire to estimate menstrual blood loss: relationship with hematological and gynecological parameters in young women. BMC Women’s Health 2014; 14: 71.
38. Gierisch JM, Coeytaux RR, Urrutia RP et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast, cervical, colorectal, and endometrial cancers: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22 (11): 1931–43.
39. Goodman NF, Cobin RH, Futterweit W et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: Guide to the Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – part 1. Endocr Pract 2015; 21 (11): 1291–300.
40. Arowojolu AO, Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA. Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 7: CD004425.
41. Рагимова З.Э., Каиль-Горячкина М.В. Междисциплинарные аспекты андроген-зависимой дермопатии (обзор литературы). Дерматология (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2016; 3: 56–62. / Ragimova Z.E., Kail'-Goriachkina M.V. Mezhdistsiplinarnye aspekty androgen-zavisimoi dermopatii (obzor literatury). Consilium Medicum. Dermatology (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2016; 3: 56–62. [in Russian]
42. Naessé́n S, Carlströ̈m K, Byströ̈̈m B et al. Effects of an antiandrogenic oral contraceptive on appetite and eating behavior in bulimic women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32 (5): 548–54.
43. Sitruk-Ware R, Nath A. Characteristics and metabolic effects of estrogen and progestins contained in oral contraceptive pills. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 27 (1): 13–24.
44. Bäckström T, Haage D, Löfgren M et al. Paradoxical effects of GABA-A modulators may explain sex steroid induced negative mood symptoms in some persons. Neuroscience 2011; 191: 46–54.
45. Brown J, O’Brien PMS, Marjoribanks J, Wyatt K. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2: CD001396.
46. Bitzer J, Paoletti AM. Added benefits and user satisfaction with a low-dose oral contraceptive containing drospirenone: results of three multicentre trials. Clin Drug Invest 2009; 29 (2): 73–8.
47. Аганезова Н.В., Линде В.А. Клинический опыт применения комбинированного монофазного орального контрацептива с дроспиреноном при синдроме предменструального напряжения. Проблемы репродукции. 2008; 1: 66–72. / Aganezova N.V., Linde V.A. Klinicheskii opyt primeneniia kombinirovannogo monofaznogo oral'nogo kontratseptiva s drospirenonom pri sindrome predmenstrual'nogo napriazheniia. Problemy reproduktsii. 2008; 1: 66–72. [in Russian]
48. Сасунова Р.А., Межевитинова Е.А. Предменструальный синдром. Гинекология. 2007; 9 (6): 34–8. / Sasunova R.A., Mezhevitinova E.A. Predmenstrual'nyi sindrom. Gynecology. 2007; 9 (6): 34–8. [in Russian]
49. Rapkin AJ. YAZ in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Reprod Med 2008; 53 (Suppl. 9): 729–41.
50. Breech LL, Braverman PK. Safety, efficacy, actions, and patient acceptability of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol contraceptive pills in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Int J Womens Health 2009; 1: 85–95.
51. Геворкян М.А., Манухина Е.И., Смирнова С.О., Кузнецова Е.М. Профилактика формирования функциональных кист (клиническая лекция). Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2015. / Gevorkian M.A., Manukhina E.I., Smirnova S.O., Kuznetsova E.M. Profilaktika formirovaniia funktsional'nykh kist (klinicheskaia lektsiia). Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2015. [in Russian]
52. Moorman PG, Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM et al. Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 4188–98.
53. Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM, Moorman PG et al. Oral contraceptive use for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2013; 212: 514.
54. Beral V, Doll R, Hermon C et al. Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls. Lancet 2008; 371: 303–14.
55. Havrilesky LJ, Moorman PG, Lowery WJ et al. Oral contraceptive pills as primary prevention for ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 139–47.
56. Mantha S, Karp R, Raghavan V et al. Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis. BMJ 2012; 14: e4944.
57. Табеева Г.Р., Громова С.А. Эстрогены и мигрень. Неврологический журн. 2009; 5: 45–53. / Tabeeva G.R., Gromova S.A. Estrogeny i migren'. Nevrologicheskii zhurn. 2009; 5: 45–53. [in Russian]
________________________________________________
2. Veljković́ M, Veljković́ S. The risk of breast, cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancer in oral contraceptive users. Med Pregl 2010; 63 (9–10): 657–61.
3. Dossus L, Allen N, Kaaks R et al. Reproductive risk factors and endometrial cancer: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2010; 127 (2): 442–51.
4. Vessey M, Yeates D, Flynn S. Factors affecting mortality in a large cohort study with special reference to oral contraceptive use. Contraception 2010; 82 (3): 221–9.
5. Schindler AE. Non-contraceptive benefits of oral hormonal contraceptives. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 11 (1): 41–7.
6. Weill A, Dalichampt M, Raguideau F et al. Low dose oestrogen combined oral contraception and risk of pulmonary embolism, stroke, and myocardial infarction in five million French women: cohort study. BMJ 2016; 353: i2002.
7. Mayeda ER, Torgal AH, Westhoff CL. Weight and Body Composition Changes During Oral Contraceptive Use in Obese and Normal Weight Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2014; 23 (1): 38–43.
8. Blum RW, Astone NM, Decker MR et al. A conceptual framework for early adolescence: A platform for research. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2014; 26: 321e31.
9. Anttila L, Bachmann G, Hernadi L et al. Contraceptive efficacy of a combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol 20 mg/drospirenone 3 mg administered in a 24/4 regimen: a pooled analysis of four open-label studies. Eur Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 155 (2): 180–2.
10. Dinger J, Minh TD, Buttmann N et al. Effectiveness of oral contraceptive pills in a large U.S. cohort comparing progestogen and regimen. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117: 33–40.
11. Dinger JC, Heinemann LA, Kuhl-Habich D. The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: Final results from the European active surveillance study on oral contraceptives based on 142, 475 women-years of observation. Contraception 2007; 75: 344–54.
12. Lidegaard Ø, Løkkegaard E, Svendsen AL, Agger C. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2890.
13. Reid RL, Westhoff C, Mansour D et al. Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism consensus opinion from an international workshop held in Berlin, Germany in December 2009. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 117–22.
14. Shapiro S, Dinger J. Risk of venous thromboembolism among users of oral contraceptives: A review of two recently published studies. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010; 36: 33–8.
15. Szarewski A, Mansour D, Shulman LP. 50 years of ‘The Pill’: Celebrating a golden anniversary. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care2010; 36: 231–8.
16. Van Hylckama Vlieg A, Helmerhorst FM, Vandenbroucke JP et al. The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: Results of the MEGA case-control study. BMJ 2009; 339: b2921.
17. Rothman KJ, Wise LA, Sørensen HT et al. Volitional Determinants and Age-related Decline in Fecundability: A General Population Prospective Cohort Study in Denmark. Fertil Steril 2013; 99 (7): 1958–64.
18. Holinka CF, Brincat M, Coelingh Bennink HJT. Preventive effect of oral estetrol in a menopausal hot flash model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 15–21.
19. Coelingh Bennink HJT, Heegaard A-M, Visser M et al. Oral bioavailability and bone-sparing effects of estetrol in an osteoporosis model. Climacteric 2008; 11 (Suppl. 1): 2–14.
20. Kannis JA, Adams J, Borgström F et al. The cost-effectiveness of alendronate in the management of osteoporosis. Bone 2008; 42 (1): 4–15.
21. Allali F, Mansouri L, Abourazzak F et al. The effect of past use of oral contraceptive on bone mineral density, bone biochemical markers and muscle strength in healthy pre and post menopausal women. BMC Women’s Health 2009; 9: 31.
22. Bonafede MM, Miller JD, Lukes AS et al. Retrospective database analysis of clinical outcomes and costs for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding among women enrolled in US Medicaid programs. Clinin Econom Outcom Res 2014; 6: 423–9.
23. Allen RH, Cwiak CA. Contraception for midlife women. Menopause 2016; 23 (1): 183–91.
24. Che Y, Liu X, Zhang B, Cheng L. Oral contraception following abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95 (27): e3825.
25. Mueck AO. Dinogest: an oral progestogen for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert Rev Obstet Gynecol 2011; 6 (1): 5–15.
26. Hall KS, Trussell J, Schwarz EB. Progestin-only contraceptive pill use among women in the United States. Contraception 2012; 86 (6): 653–8.
27. Virkus RA, Løkkegaard EC, Bergholt T et al. Venous thromboembolism in pregnant and puerperal women in Denmark 1995-2005. A national cohort study. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106 (2): 304–9.
28. Practice Bulletin. Noncontraceptive Uses of Hormonal Contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 15 (1): 206–18.
29. Caruso S, Iraci M, Cianci S et al. Comparative, open-label prospective study on the quality of life and sexual function of women affected by endometriosis-associated pelvic pain on 2 mg dienogest/30 µg ethinyl estradiol continuous or 21/7 regimen oral contraceptive. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 8: 923–31.
30. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 136: Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Associated With Ovulatory Dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 176–85.
31. ACOG. Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in non-pregnant women. Committee Opinion № 557. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 121: 891–6.
32. Munro MG et al for the FIGO Working Group on Menstrual Disorders. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Intern J Gynecol Obstet 2011; 113: 3–13.
33. SOGC. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Pre-Menopausal Women 2013; 35 (5; Suppl. 1): 1–28.
34. Podzolkova N.M., Kuznetsova I.V. Primenenie marvelona v prolongirovannom rezhime v kachestve protivoretsidivnoi terapii giperplasticheskikh protsessov endometriia. Akush. i ginekol. 2007; 1: 53–7. [in Russian]
35. Chandra V, Kim JJ, Benbrook DM et al. Therapeutic options for management of endometrial hyperplasia. J Gynecol Oncol 2016; 27 (1): e8.
36. Karakhalis L.Iu., Fedorovich O.K., Basina I.B., Chervonnaia I.Iu. Vliianie patogeneticheski obosnovannoi terapii adenomioza na ego techenie. Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2009; 5: 18–24. [in Russian]
37. Toxqui L, Perez-Granados AM, Blanco-Rojo R et al. A simple and feasible questionnaire to estimate menstrual blood loss: relationship with hematological and gynecological parameters in young women. BMC Women’s Health 2014; 14: 71.
38. Gierisch JM, Coeytaux RR, Urrutia RP et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast, cervical, colorectal, and endometrial cancers: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22 (11): 1931–43.
39. Goodman NF, Cobin RH, Futterweit W et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: Guide to the Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – part 1. Endocr Pract 2015; 21 (11): 1291–300.
40. Arowojolu AO, Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA. Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 7: CD004425.
41. Ragimova Z.E., Kail'-Goriachkina M.V. Mezhdistsiplinarnye aspekty androgen-zavisimoi dermopatii (obzor literatury). Consilium Medicum. Dermatology (Suppl. Consilium Medicum). 2016; 3: 56–62. [in Russian]
42. Naessé́n S, Carlströ̈m K, Byströ̈̈m B et al. Effects of an antiandrogenic oral contraceptive on appetite and eating behavior in bulimic women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32 (5): 548–54.
43. Sitruk-Ware R, Nath A. Characteristics and metabolic effects of estrogen and progestins contained in oral contraceptive pills. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 27 (1): 13–24.
44. Bäckström T, Haage D, Löfgren M et al. Paradoxical effects of GABA-A modulators may explain sex steroid induced negative mood symptoms in some persons. Neuroscience 2011; 191: 46–54.
45. Brown J, O’Brien PMS, Marjoribanks J, Wyatt K. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2: CD001396.
46. Bitzer J, Paoletti AM. Added benefits and user satisfaction with a low-dose oral contraceptive containing drospirenone: results of three multicentre trials. Clin Drug Invest 2009; 29 (2): 73–8.
47. Aganezova N.V., Linde V.A. Klinicheskii opyt primeneniia kombinirovannogo monofaznogo oral'nogo kontratseptiva s drospirenonom pri sindrome predmenstrual'nogo napriazheniia. Problemy reproduktsii. 2008; 1: 66–72. [in Russian]
48. Sasunova R.A., Mezhevitinova E.A. Predmenstrual'nyi sindrom. Gynecology. 2007; 9 (6): 34–8. [in Russian]
49. Rapkin AJ. YAZ in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Reprod Med 2008; 53 (Suppl. 9): 729–41.
50. Breech LL, Braverman PK. Safety, efficacy, actions, and patient acceptability of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol contraceptive pills in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Int J Womens Health 2009; 1: 85–95.
51. Gevorkian M.A., Manukhina E.I., Smirnova S.O., Kuznetsova E.M. Profilaktika formirovaniia funktsional'nykh kist (klinicheskaia lektsiia). Effektivnaia farmakoterapiia. 2015. [in Russian]
52. Moorman PG, Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM et al. Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31: 4188–98.
53. Havrilesky LJ, Gierisch JM, Moorman PG et al. Oral contraceptive use for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2013; 212: 514.
54. Beral V, Doll R, Hermon C et al. Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls. Lancet 2008; 371: 303–14.
55. Havrilesky LJ, Moorman PG, Lowery WJ et al. Oral contraceptive pills as primary prevention for ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 139–47.
56. Mantha S, Karp R, Raghavan V et al. Assessing the risk of venous thromboembolic events in women taking progestin-only contraception: a meta-analysis. BMJ 2012; 14: e4944.
57. Tabeeva G.R., Gromova S.A. Estrogeny i migren'. Nevrologicheskii zhurn. 2009; 5: 45–53. [in Russian]
Авторы
И.В.Кузнецова*
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com
I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова» Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com
________________________________________________
I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com
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