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Новая коронавирусная инфекция и другие респираторные вирусные заболевания у беременных: клиническая лекция
Новая коронавирусная инфекция и другие респираторные вирусные заболевания у беременных: клиническая лекция
Синчихин С.П., Степанян Л.В., Мамиев О.Б. Новая коронавирусная инфекция и другие респираторные вирусные заболевания у беременных: клиническая лекция. Гинекология. 2020; 22 (2): e. 6.
DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.2.200129
DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2020.2.200129
________________________________________________
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Аннотация
Актуальность. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) 11 февраля 2020 г. присвоила официальное название заболеванию, вызванному коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, – COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), а 11 марта 2020 г. генеральный директор ВОЗ заявил, что мировое сообщество столкнулось с новой пандемией. Быстрое распространение данного заболевания требует получения новых знаний по его диагностике и лечению. Вместе с тем необходимо помнить, что и другими острыми респираторными вирусными заболеваниями ежегодно болеет 30–40% всего населения мира. В нашей стране каждый год регистрируют от 27 до 41 млн случаев заболеваний острой респираторной вирусной инфекцией, острыми респираторными заболеваниями и гриппом. Исходя из изложенного, авторами была поставлена цель: на основе современных данных сформировать у акушеров-гинекологов теоретические основы для практической работы с беременными пациентками при новой коронавирусной инфекции и респираторных вирусных заболеваниях.
Материалы и методы. В информационный материал включены данные зарубежных и отечественных научных статей, имеющихся в Pubmed и на ресурсах Интернета по данной теме, опубликованных за последние 5 лет.
Результаты. Проведен системный анализ данных, содержащихся в современной литературе, о различных инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваниях дыхательной системы и COVID-19. Представлены исторические сведения о пандемиях, связанных с респираторными заболеваниями. Отмечены клинические особенности течения острых респираторных вирусных заболеваний, гриппа и коронавирусной инфекции, а также различных видов пневмоний. Обращено внимание на важность проведения профилактических мероприятий для предупреждения распространения инфекций. Представлена акушерская тактика ведения беременных с новым коронавирусным заболеванием. Часть информации представлена в виде обобщающих материал таблиц и рисунков.
Заключение. Следует надеяться, что подготовленная лекция будет способствовать не только повышению информационно-образовательных знаний, но и окажется полезной для работы врача акушера-гинеколога, в том числе и в неблагоприятный по респираторным вирусным заболеваниям эпидемиологический
период.
Ключевые слова: беременность, акушерская тактика, COVID-19, респираторные вирусные заболевания, пневмония
Materials and methods. The information material includes data from foreign and domestic scientific articles available in Pubmed and Internet resources on this topic, published over the past 5 years.
Results. A systematic analysis of the data contained in the modern literature on various infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system and COVID-19 has been carried out. Historical information on pandemics associated with respiratory diseases is presented. Clinical features of the course of acute respiratory viral diseases, flu and coronavirus infection, as well as various types of pneumonia, were noted. Attention is drawn to the importance of carrying out preventive measures to prevent the spread of infections. Introduced obstetric management of pregnant women with a new coronavirus disease. Part of the information is presented in the form of tables and figures summarizing the analyzed material, which makes the information presented especially memorable.
Conclusion. It is hoped that the prepared lecture will not only enhance information and educational knowledge, but will also be useful for the work of an obstetrician-gynecologist, including in the epidemiological period that is unfavorable for respiratory viral diseases.
Key words: pregnancy, obstetric tactics, COVID-19, respiratory viral diseases, pneumonia.
Материалы и методы. В информационный материал включены данные зарубежных и отечественных научных статей, имеющихся в Pubmed и на ресурсах Интернета по данной теме, опубликованных за последние 5 лет.
Результаты. Проведен системный анализ данных, содержащихся в современной литературе, о различных инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваниях дыхательной системы и COVID-19. Представлены исторические сведения о пандемиях, связанных с респираторными заболеваниями. Отмечены клинические особенности течения острых респираторных вирусных заболеваний, гриппа и коронавирусной инфекции, а также различных видов пневмоний. Обращено внимание на важность проведения профилактических мероприятий для предупреждения распространения инфекций. Представлена акушерская тактика ведения беременных с новым коронавирусным заболеванием. Часть информации представлена в виде обобщающих материал таблиц и рисунков.
Заключение. Следует надеяться, что подготовленная лекция будет способствовать не только повышению информационно-образовательных знаний, но и окажется полезной для работы врача акушера-гинеколога, в том числе и в неблагоприятный по респираторным вирусным заболеваниям эпидемиологический
период.
Ключевые слова: беременность, акушерская тактика, COVID-19, респираторные вирусные заболевания, пневмония
________________________________________________
Materials and methods. The information material includes data from foreign and domestic scientific articles available in Pubmed and Internet resources on this topic, published over the past 5 years.
Results. A systematic analysis of the data contained in the modern literature on various infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system and COVID-19 has been carried out. Historical information on pandemics associated with respiratory diseases is presented. Clinical features of the course of acute respiratory viral diseases, flu and coronavirus infection, as well as various types of pneumonia, were noted. Attention is drawn to the importance of carrying out preventive measures to prevent the spread of infections. Introduced obstetric management of pregnant women with a new coronavirus disease. Part of the information is presented in the form of tables and figures summarizing the analyzed material, which makes the information presented especially memorable.
Conclusion. It is hoped that the prepared lecture will not only enhance information and educational knowledge, but will also be useful for the work of an obstetrician-gynecologist, including in the epidemiological period that is unfavorable for respiratory viral diseases.
Key words: pregnancy, obstetric tactics, COVID-19, respiratory viral diseases, pneumonia.
Полный текст
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19. Belov A.B., Kulikov P.V. Reshennye i problemnye voprosy epidemiologii grippa cherez sto let posle pandemii "ispanki'. Epidemiologiia i Vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2019; 18 (5): 109–20 (in Russian).
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21. Kilbourne ED. Perspectives on рandemics: researchagends. J Infect Dis 1997; 176 (1): 831.
22. Hampson AW. Surveillance for Pandemic Influenza. J Infect Dis 1997; 176 (1): 8–13.
23. Canada.ca. 2019 novel coronavirus: Symptoms and treatment The official website of the Government of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirusinfection/symptoms.ht...
24. Corman VM et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance 2020; 25 (3): 2000045. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES
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27. Wang Z et al. Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment. Biosci Trends 2020. DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.01030.
28. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020; 395 (10226): 809–15.
29. Mullins E, Evans D, Viner RM et al. Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Mar 17. DOI: 10.1002/uog.22014.
30. NCT04315870. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy: The Italian registry on coronavirus in pregnancy. (I-COVID). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2...
31. Wang X, Zhon Z, Zhang J et al. Acase of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm deliveri. Clin Infect Dis 2020. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa 200/
32. Rasmussen S, Smulian J, Lednicky J et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet and Gynecol 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017/
33. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonatesborn to mothers with 2019- nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr 2020; 9 (1): 51–60. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2020.02.06.
34. Morris E, O’Brien P, Goodyear G et al. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. Version1: printed 09.03.2020. P.23
35. Чучалин А.Г. Синдром острого повреждения легких. РМЖ. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82.
[Chuchalin A.G. Sindrom ostrogo povrezhdeniia legkikh. RMZh. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82 (in Russian).]
36. Annan A, Baldwin HJ, Corman VM et al. Human Betacoronaviruszc EMC/2012 – related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19 (3): 456–70.
37. Fleming JO, Trousdale MD. Pathogenicity of antigenic variants of murine coronavirus JNM selected with monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 1986; 58 (3): 869–75.
38. Bender SJ, Phillips JM, Scott EP et al. Murine coronavirus receptors are differentially expressed in the central nervous system and play virus strain-dependent roles in neuronal spread. J Virol 2010; 84 (21): 11030–44.
39. Guide to Virology: Viruses and Viral Infections of Humans and Animals. Pod red. D.K. L'vova. Moscow: Medical Information Agency, 2013 (in Russian).
40. "Temporary guidelines" Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Version 5 (04/08/2020)"(approved by the Russian Ministry of Health). https://стопкоронавирус.рф/ai/doc/114/attach/vremennie_mr_COVID-19_versiya_5.pdf (in Russian).
41. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020.
42. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020; 395: 507.
43. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
44. Swartz D, Graham A. Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARSCoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections. Viruses 2020: 1–16.
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22. Hampson AW. Surveillance for Pandemic Influenza. J Infect Dis 1997; 176 (1): 8–13.
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24. Corman VM et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance 2020; 25 (3): 2000045. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES
25. Federal Ministry of Health. Current information on the coronavirus. https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/en/en/press/2020/coronavirus.html
26. Phan LT et al. Importation and Human-to-Human Transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam. N Engl J Med 2020. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2001272
27. Wang Z et al. Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment. Biosci Trends 2020. DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.01030.
28. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020; 395 (10226): 809–15.
29. Mullins E, Evans D, Viner RM et al. Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Mar 17. DOI: 10.1002/uog.22014.
30. NCT04315870. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy: The Italian registry on coronavirus in pregnancy. (I-COVID). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2...
31. Wang X, Zhon Z, Zhang J et al. Acase of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm deliveri. Clin Infect Dis 2020. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa 200/
32. Rasmussen S, Smulian J, Lednicky J et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet and Gynecol 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017/
33. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonatesborn to mothers with 2019- nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr 2020; 9 (1): 51–60. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2020.02.06.
34. Morris E, O’Brien P, Goodyear G et al. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. Version1: printed 09.03.2020. P.23
35. Чучалин А.Г. Синдром острого повреждения легких. РМЖ. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82.
[Chuchalin A.G. Sindrom ostrogo povrezhdeniia legkikh. RMZh. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82 (in Russian).]
36. Annan A, Baldwin HJ, Corman VM et al. Human Betacoronaviruszc EMC/2012 – related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19 (3): 456–70.
37. Fleming JO, Trousdale MD. Pathogenicity of antigenic variants of murine coronavirus JNM selected with monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 1986; 58 (3): 869–75.
38. Bender SJ, Phillips JM, Scott EP et al. Murine coronavirus receptors are differentially expressed in the central nervous system and play virus strain-dependent roles in neuronal spread. J Virol 2010; 84 (21): 11030–44.
39. Руководство по вирусологии: Вирусы и вирусные инфекции человека и животных. Под ред. Д.К. Львова. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 2013.
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40. Временные методические рекомендации «Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Версия 5 (08.04.2020)» (утв. Минздравом России). https://стопкоронавирус.рф/ai/doc/114/attach/vremennie_mr_COVID-19_versiya_5.pdf
["Temporary guidelines" Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Version 5 (04/08/2020)"(approved by the Russian Ministry of Health). https://стопкоронавирус.рф/ai/doc/114/attach/vremennie_mr_COVID-19_versiya_5.pdf (in Russian).]
41. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020.
42. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020; 395: 507.
43. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
44. Swartz D, Graham A. Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARSCoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections. Viruses 2020: 1–16.
45. https://kodelife.ru/koronavirus-2019-ncov-mogut-li-fitopreparaty-borotsya-s-infekciej/
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[Kolobukhina L.V., Merkulova L.N., Malyshev N.A. i dr. Strategiia rannei protivovirusnoi terapii pri grippe, kak profilaktika tiazhelykh oslozhnenii. Pul'monologiia. 2010; Pril. 1: 9–14 (in Russian).]
48. Справочник по профилактике и лечению COVID-19. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uwJzPpM0WBtCdIxGSQFuKES71RZqFV0C/view?fbclid=IwAR3-rDTu_Vp4SB4OUjnP....
[COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Handbook. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uwJzPpM0WBtCdIxGSQFuKES71RZqFV0C/view?fbclid=IwAR3-rDTu_Vp4SB4OUjnP... (in Russian).]
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________________________________________________
2. Prokhorovich E.A. Ostrye respiratornye virusnye zabolevaniia. Zemskii vrach. 2010; 1: 39–43 (in Russian).
3. Kister GS. Morphology and mechanisms of prenatal and perinatal viral infections. EURO Rep Stud 1985; 93: 3–16.
4. Skehel JJ, Wiley DC. Receptor binding and membrane fusion in virus entry: the influenza hemagglutinin. Annu Rev Biochem 2000; 69: 531–69.
5. Li Z, Ren A, Liu J et al. Maternal flu or fever, medication use, and neural tube defects a population-based case-control study in Northern China. Birth Defect Res Clin Mol Teatol 2007; 2: 225–300.
6. Briko N.I. 100 let pandemii: uroki istorii. Novyi etap vaktsinoprofilaktiki. Epidemiologiia i vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2018; 17 (4): 68–83 (in Russian)
7. Brico N.I., Onishchenko G.G., Pokrovsky V.I. Guide to the epidemiology of infectious diseases. T. 1. Moscow: MIA, 2019; p. 395–419 (in Russian).
8. Gendon Iu.Z. Vozmozhnost' predskazanii pandemii grippa. Zhurn. mikrobiologii. 2016; 3: 113–20 (in Russian).
9. Shekhman M.M., Poloshenkova L.A. Acute respiratory infections in pregnant women. Gynecology. 2005; 7 (2): 96–9 (in Russian).
10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: influenza activity – United States, September 28, 2008 – April 4, 2009, and composition of the 2009-10 influenza vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009; 58 (14): 369–74.
11. Chen N et al. Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 99 Cases of 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. 2020.
12. European Commission. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. https://ec.europa.eu/health/coronavirus_en
13. Federal Ministry of Health. Current information on the coronavirus. https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/en/en/press/2020/coronavirus.html
14. NHS. Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/wuhan-novel-coronavirus/
15. https://lenta.ru/articles/2020/04/03/aifen/
16. https://cont.ws/@lentaru/1630908
17. Morozov M.I., Melnikov V.L., Mitrofanova N.N. The causative agents of acute respiratory viral infections: textbook. manual. Penza: Izd-vo PGU, 2015: 80 (in Russian).
18. Karpova L.S., Stoliarova T.P., Popovtseva N.M. et al. Razlichiia kharaktera epidemii grippa 2014–2017 godov v zavisimosti ot ikh etiologii. Epidemiologiia i vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2018; 1 (98): 13–9 (in Russian).
19. Belov A.B., Kulikov P.V. Reshennye i problemnye voprosy epidemiologii grippa cherez sto let posle pandemii "ispanki'. Epidemiologiia i Vaktsinoprofilaktika. 2019; 18 (5): 109–20 (in Russian).
20. Influenza and other respiratory viral infections: epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis and therapy. Pod red. O.I. Kiseleva, I.G. Marinicha, A.A. Somininoi. Moscow: Borges, 2003 (in Russian).
21. Kilbourne ED. Perspectives on рandemics: researchagends. J Infect Dis 1997; 176 (1): 831.
22. Hampson AW. Surveillance for Pandemic Influenza. J Infect Dis 1997; 176 (1): 8–13.
23. Canada.ca. 2019 novel coronavirus: Symptoms and treatment The official website of the Government of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirusinfection/symptoms.ht...
24. Corman VM et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Eurosurveillance 2020; 25 (3): 2000045. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES
25. Federal Ministry of Health. Current information on the coronavirus. https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/en/en/press/2020/coronavirus.html
26. Phan LT et al. Importation and Human-to-Human Transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam. N Engl J Med 2020. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2001272
27. Wang Z et al. Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment. Biosci Trends 2020. DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.01030.
28. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020; 395 (10226): 809–15.
29. Mullins E, Evans D, Viner RM et al. Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Mar 17. DOI: 10.1002/uog.22014.
30. NCT04315870. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy: The Italian registry on coronavirus in pregnancy. (I-COVID). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2...
31. Wang X, Zhon Z, Zhang J et al. Acase of 2019 novel coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm deliveri. Clin Infect Dis 2020. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa 200/
32. Rasmussen S, Smulian J, Lednicky J et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet and Gynecol 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017/
33. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonatesborn to mothers with 2019- nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr 2020; 9 (1): 51–60. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2020.02.06.
34. Morris E, O’Brien P, Goodyear G et al. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. Version1: printed 09.03.2020. P.23
35. Чучалин А.Г. Синдром острого повреждения легких. РМЖ. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82.
[Chuchalin A.G. Sindrom ostrogo povrezhdeniia legkikh. RMZh. 2006; 14 (22): 15–82 (in Russian).]
36. Annan A, Baldwin HJ, Corman VM et al. Human Betacoronaviruszc EMC/2012 – related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2013; 19 (3): 456–70.
37. Fleming JO, Trousdale MD. Pathogenicity of antigenic variants of murine coronavirus JNM selected with monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 1986; 58 (3): 869–75.
38. Bender SJ, Phillips JM, Scott EP et al. Murine coronavirus receptors are differentially expressed in the central nervous system and play virus strain-dependent roles in neuronal spread. J Virol 2010; 84 (21): 11030–44.
39. Guide to Virology: Viruses and Viral Infections of Humans and Animals. Pod red. D.K. L'vova. Moscow: Medical Information Agency, 2013 (in Russian).
40. "Temporary guidelines" Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Version 5 (04/08/2020)"(approved by the Russian Ministry of Health). https://стопкоронавирус.рф/ai/doc/114/attach/vremennie_mr_COVID-19_versiya_5.pdf (in Russian).
41. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020.
42. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020; 395: 507.
43. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
44. Swartz D, Graham A. Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARSCoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections. Viruses 2020: 1–16.
45. https://kodelife.ru/koronavirus-2019-ncov-mogut-li-fitopreparaty-borotsya-s-infekciej/
46. Gabdullina R.Z. Lechenie i profilaktika grippa A/N1N1 u beremennykh. Vestn. Ferona. 2012; 2: 26–34 (in Russian).
47. Kolobukhina L.V., Merkulova L.N., Malyshev N.A. i dr. Strategiia rannei protivovirusnoi terapii pri grippe, kak profilaktika tiazhelykh oslozhnenii. Pul'monologiia. 2010; Pril. 1: 9–14 (in Russian).
48. COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Handbook. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uwJzPpM0WBtCdIxGSQFuKES71RZqFV0C/view?fbclid=IwAR3-rDTu_Vp4SB4OUjnP... (in Russian).
49. https://praesens.ru/2020/veb31marta/#_superblok_2818.html.
Авторы
С.П. Синчихин*, Л.В. Степанян, О.Б. Мамиев
ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Астрахань, Россия
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru
Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru
ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Астрахань, Россия
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia
*doc_sinchihin@mail.ru
Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.