Важные вопросы при выборе гормональной контрацепции. Мифы о контрацепции

Прилепская В.Н., Бостанджян Л.Л. Важные вопросы при выборе гормональной контрацепции. Мифы о контрацепции. Гинекология. 2021; 23 (4): 364–369. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2021.4.201051

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Prilepskaya VN, Bostandzhian LL. Important questions in choosing hormonal contraception. Myths about contraception. Gynecology. 2021; 23 (4): 364–369. DOI: 10.26442/20795696.2021.4.201051

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Аннотация

Благодаря внедрению современных методов контрацепции в Европе и, в частности, России, уровень абортов значительно снизился. В большей степени это связано с применением такого прогрессивного метода, как гормональная контрацепция. Вместе с тем уровень применения современных методов предохранения в России остается низким, что зачастую обусловлено боязнью развития побочных эффектов и наличием существующих мифов, особенно применительно к гормональной контрацепции. Комбинированные оральные контрацептивы хорошо изучены, имеют благоприятный профиль эффективности и безопасности, риски при их приеме минимальные и отражены в инструкции по применению. При правильном назначении гормональная контрацепция является надежным методом защиты от нежеланной беременности, обладающим также дополнительными преимуществами, в том числе лечебными эффектами.

Ключевые слова: дроспиренон, миома, фертильность

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Due to the introduction of modern methods of contraception in Europe and, in particular, in Russia, the abortion rate has decreased significantly. This is largely due to the use of such a progressive method as hormonal contraception. However, the level of use of modern methods of contraception in Russia remains low, which is often due to fear of side effects and existing myths, especially in relation to hormonal contraception. Combined oral contraceptives are well studied, have a favorable profile of efficacy and safety, the risks of taking them are minimal and are reflected in the instructions for use. When properly prescribed, hormonal contraception is a reliable method of protection against unwanted pregnancy, which also has additional benefits, including therapeutic effects.

Keywords: drospirenon, myoma, fertility

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Список литературы

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________________________________________________

1. Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 5th edition. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2015.
2. Pymar HC, Creinin MD. The risks of oral contraceptive pills. Semin Reprod Med. 2001;19(4):305-12.
3. Stegeman BH, de Bastos M, Rosendaal FR, et al. Different combined oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;347:f5298.
4. Lidegaard Ø, Løkkegaard E, Svendsen AL, Agger C. Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up study. BMJ. 2009;339:b2890.
5. Dinger JC, Heinemann LA, Kühl-Habich D. The safety of a drospirenonecontaining oral contraceptive: final results from the European Active Surveillance Study on oral contraceptives based on 142,475 women-years of observation. Contraception. 2007;75(5):344-54.
6. Dinger J, Minh TD, Moehner S, et al. The risk of venous thromboembolism in OC users: time patterns after initiation of treatment. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2010;19(S1):S214-5.
7. Greydanus DE, Patel DR, Rimsza M. Contraception in the Adolescent: An update. Pediatrics. 200;107(3):562-73.
8. Dinger J, Bardenheuer K, Heinemann K. Cardiovascular and general safety of a 24-day regimen of drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptives: final results from the International Active Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives. Сontraception. 2014;89(4):253-63.
9. Palacios S, Colli E, Regidor PA. Efficacy and cardiovascular safety of the new estrogen-free contraceptive pill containing 4 mg drospirenon alone in a 24/4 regime. BMC Womens Health. 2020;20(1):218.
10. Campbell B. Thrombosis, phlebitis and varicose veins. BMJ. 1996;312(7025):198-9.
11. Tepper NK, Marchbanks PA, Curtis KM. Superficial venous disease and combined hormonal contraceptives: a systematic review. Contraception. 2016;94(3):275-9.
12. Jukkola TM, Mäkivaara LA, Luukkaala T, et al. The effects of parity, oral contraceptive use and hormonal replacement therapy on the incidence of varicose veins. J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;26(5):448-51.
13. Moroni RM, Martins WP, Dias SV, et al. Combined oral contraceptive for treatment of women with uterine fibroids and abnormal uterine bleeding: a systematic review. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2015;79(3):145-52.
14. Orsini G, Laricchia L, Fanelli M. Low-dose combination oral contraceptives use in women with uterine leiomyomas. Minerva Ginecol. 2002;54(3):253-61.
15. Burkman RT. Oral Contraceptives: Current Status. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2001;44(1):62-72.
16. Mansour D, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Inki P, Jensen JT. Fertility after discontinuation of contraception: a comprehensive review of the literature. Contraception. 2011;84:465-77.
17. Barnhart K, Mirkin S, Grubb G, Constantine G. Return to fertility after cessation of a continuous oral contraceptive. Fertil Steril. 2009;91(5):1654-6.
18. Cronin M, Schellschmidt I, Dinger J. Rate of pregnancy after using drospirenone and other progestincontaining oral contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114(3):616-22.
19. Harlap et al. Family planning from Encyclopedia of Sociology, 1991.
20. Mikkelsen EM, Riis AH, Wise LA, et al. Pre-gravid oral contraceptive use and time to pregnancy: a Danish prospective cohort study. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(5):1398-405.
21. Wiegratz I, Mittmann K, Dietrich H, et al. Fertility after discontinuation of treatment with an oral contraceptive containing 30 microg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of dienogest. Fertil Steril. 2006;85(6):1812-9.
22. Shmidt FT. Prakticheskii opyt tridtsatiletnego primeneniia gormonal'noi kontratseptsii. Planirovanie semi. 1993;2:1-3 (in Russian).
23. Shulman LP, Westhoff CL. Return to fertility after use of reversible contraception. Dialogues in Contraception. 2006;10:1-3.
24. Serov VN, Prilepskaia VN, Ovsiannikova TV. Gynecological endocrinology. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2008; p. 252-84 (in Russian).
25. Hannaford PC, Selvaraj S, Elliott AM, et al. Cancer risk among users of oral contraceptives: cohort data from the Royal College of General Practitioners oral contraception study. BMJ. 2007;335(7621):651.
26. Vogt C, Schaefer M. Disparities in knowledge and interest about benefits and risks of combined oral contraceptives. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2011;16(3):183-93.
27. Ford JH, MacCormac L. Pregnancy and lifestyle study: the long-term use of the contraceptive pill and the risk of age-related miscarriage. Hum Reprod. 1995;10(6):1397-402.
28. Burkman R, Schlesselman JJ, Zieman M. Safety concerns and health benefits associated with oral contraception. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190(Suppl. 4):S5-22.
29. Gallo MF, Lopez LM, Grimes DA, et al. Combination contraceptives: effects on weight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;1:CD003987.
30. Farrow A, Hull MG, Northstone K, et al. Prolonged use of oral contraception before a planned pregnancy is associated with a decreased risk of delayed conception. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(10):2754-61.
31. Briggs P, Kovach G, Gillbod Dzh. Contraception from menarche to menopause. Pod obshchei redaktsiei prof. VN Prilepskoi. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2015 (in Russian).
32. Sukhikh GT, Prilepskaia VN, Mezhevitinova EA, et al. Contraception in women of reproductive age. Moscow: Binom, 2019 (in Russian).

Авторы

В.Н. Прилепская*, Л.Л. Бостанджян

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*v_prilepskaya@oparina4.ru

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Vera N. Prilepskaya*, Lana L. Bostandzhian

Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
*v_prilepskaya@oparina4.ru

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