1. Dufour DR, Lott JA, Nolte FS et al. Diagnosis and monitoring of hepatic injury. I. Performance characteristics of laboratory tests. Clin Chem 2000; 46 (12): 2027–49.
2. Litin SC, O’brien JF, Pruett S et al. Macroenzyme as a cause of unexplained elevation of aspartate aminotransferase. Mayo Clin Proc 1987; 62 (8): 681–7.
3. Giannini EG, Testa R, Savarino V. Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. CMAJ 2005; 172 (3): 367–79.
4. Green RM, Flamm S. AGA technical review on the evaluation of liver chemistry tests. Gastroenterology 2002; 123 (4): 1367–84.
5. Giannini E, Risso D, Botta F et al. Validity and clinical utility of the aspartate aminotransferase-alanine aminotransferase ratio in assessing disease severity and prognosis in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163 (2): 218–24.
6. Imperiale TF, Said AT, Cummings OW, Born LJ. Need for validation of clinical decision aids: use of the AST/ALT ratio in predicting cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95 (9): 2328–32.
7. Ioannou GN, Boyko EJ, Lee SP. The prevalence and predictors of elevated serum aminotransferase activity in the United States in 1999–2002. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101 (1): 76–82.
8. Tsai J, Ford ES, Li C, Zhao G. Past and current alcohol consumption patterns and elevations in serum hepatic enzymes among US adults. Addic Behav 2012; 37 (1): 78–84.
9. Wedemeyer H, Hofmann WP, Lueth S et al. ALT screening for chronic liver diseases: scrutinizing the evidence. Z Gastroenterol 2010; 48 (1): 46–55.
10. Papatheodoridis GV, Goulis J, Christodoulou D et al. High prevalence of elevated liver enzymes in blood donors: associations with male gender and central adiposity. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 19 (4): 281–7.
11. Chen CH, Huang MH, Yang JC et al. Prevalence and etiology of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase level in an adult population in Taiwan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 22 (9): 1482–9.
12. Zhang H, He SM, Sun J et al. Prevalence and etiology of abnormal liver tests in an adult population in Jilin, China. Int J Med Sci 2011; 8 (3): 254–62.
13. Daniel S, Ben-Menachem T, Vasudevan G et al. Prospective evaluation of unexplained chronic liver transaminase abnormalities in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94 (10): 3010–4.
14. Skelly MM, James PD, Ryder SD. Findings on liver biopsy to investigate abnormal liver function tests in the absence of diagnostic serology. J Hepatol 2001; 35 (2): 195–9.
15. Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and mortality in the United States population. Gastroenterology 2009; 136 (2): 477–85 e411.
16. Strauss RS, Barlow SE, Dietz WH. Prevalence of abnormal serum aminotransferase values in overweight and obese adolescents. J Pediatr 2000; 136 (6): 727–33.
17. Wu XY, Hu CL, Wan YH et al. Higher waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference are predictive of metabolic syndrome and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase in adolescents and young adults in mainland China. Public Health 2012; 126 (2): 135–42.
18. Park HS, Han JH, Choi KM, Kim SM. Relation between elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82 (5): 1046–51.
19. Iorio R, Sepe A, Giannattasio A et al. Hypertransaminasemia in childhood as a marker of genetic liver disorders. J Gastroenterol 2005; 40 (8): 820–6.
20. Терещенко С.Ю. Периферическая лимфаденопатия у детей: дифференциальная диагностика. Часть 1. Общие сведения. Локальная лимфаденопатия. Cons. Med. Педиатрия (Прил.). 2011; 3: 91–8.
21. Терещенко С.Ю. Периферическая лимфаденопатия у детей: дифференциальная диагностика. Часть 2. Генерализованная лимфаденопатия. Cons. Med. Педиатрия (Прил.). 2011; 4: 54–9.
22. Терещенко С.Ю. Периферическая лимфаденопатия неинфекционной этиологии у детей. Cons. Med. Педиатрия (Прил.). 2012; 2: 44–50.
23. Oh RC, Hustead TR. Causes and evaluation of mildly elevated liver transaminase levels. Am Fam Physician 2011; 84 (9): 1003–8.
24. Герман Е.Н., Маевская М.В., Люсина Е.О., Ивашкин В.Т. Принципы ведения пациента с бессимптомным повышением активности сывороточных аминотрансфераз (клиническое наблюдение). Рос. журн. гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2011; 1: 63–8.
25. Aragon G, Younossi ZM. When and how to evaluate mildly elevated liver enzymes in apparently healthy patients. Cleve Clin J Med 2010; 77 (3): 195–204.
26. Giboney PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels in the asymptomatic patient. Am Fam Physician 2005; 71 (6): 1105–10.
27. Pratt DS, Kaplan MM. Evaluation of abnormal liver-enzyme results in asymptomatic patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 342 (17): 1266–71.
28. Lazo M, Selvin E, Clark JM. Brief communication: clinical implications of short-term variability in liver function test results. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148 (5): 348–52.
29. Ющук Н.Д., Климова Е.А., Знойко О.О. и др. Протокол диагностики и лечения больных вирусными гепатитами В и С. Рос. журн. гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2010; 6: 4–60.
30. Howard CR. Hepatitis viruses: a pandora’s box? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 17 (Suppl.): S464–7.
31. Байкова И.Е., Никитин И.Г. Лекарственное поражение печени. РМЖ. 2009; 1: 1–4.
32. Watkins PB, Kaplowitz N, Slattery JT et al. Aminotransferase elevations in healthy adults receiving 4 grams of acetaminophen daily: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006; 296 (1): 87–93.
33. Драпкина О.М., Смирин В.И., Ивашкин В.Т. Патогенез, лечение и эпидемиология НАЖБП – что нового? Эпидемиология НАЖБП в России. РМЖ. 2011; 28: 1717–21.
34. Амельчугова О., Васютин А., Каспаров Э. и др. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени у взрослого городского населения России (распространенность и факторы риска). Врач. 2010; 9: 2–6.
35. Bellentani S, Scaglioni F, Marino M, Bedogni G. Epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis 2010; 28 (1): 155–61.
36. Widhalm K, Ghods E. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians. Int J Obes 2010; 34 (10): 1451–67.
37. Cales P, Laine F, Boursier J et al. Comparison of blood tests for liver fibrosis specific or not to NAFLD. J Hepatol 2009; 50 (1): 165–73.
38. Patton HM, Lavine JE, Van Natta ML et al. Clinical correlates of histopathology in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology 2008; 135 (6): 1961–71 e1962.
39. Johnson PJ, Mcfarlane IG. Meeting report: International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. Hepatology 1993; 18 (4): 998–1005.
40. Vergani D, Alvarez F, Bianchi FB et al. Liver autoimmune serology: a consensus statement from the committee for autoimmune serology of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. J Hepatol 2004; 41 (4): 677–83.
41. Wright MA, Yang ML, Parsons JA et al. Consider muscle disease in children with elevated transaminase. JABFM 2012; 25 (4): 536–40.
42. Полунина Т.Е., Маев И.В. Наследственный гемохроматоз. Cons. Med. 2009; 11 (8): 73–6.
43. Терещенко C.Ю. Болезнь Крона у детей и подростков: диагностика и современные подходы к терапии. Педиатрическая фармакология. 2009; 6 (2): 58–66.
44. Ozawa Y, Shimizu T, Shishiba Y. Elevation of serum aminotransferase as a sign of multiorgan-disorders in severely emaciated anorexia nervosa. Intern Med 1998; 37 (1): 32–9.
45. Spycher C, Zimmermann A, Reichen J. The diagnostic value of liver biopsy. BMC Gastroenterol 2001; 1: 12.
46. Sorbi D, Mcgill DB, Thistle JL et al. An assessment of the role of liver biopsies in asymptomatic patients with chronic liver test abnormalities. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95 (11): 3206–10.
Авторы
С.Ю.Терещенко
ФГБУ Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера Сибирского отделения РАМН, Красноярск