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Новый взгляд на пребиотики: гипотезы, тенденции, доказательства
Новый взгляд на пребиотики: гипотезы, тенденции, доказательства
Захарова И.Н., Лаврова Т.Е., Талызина М.Ф., Мачнева Е.Б. Новый взгляд на пребиотики: гипотезы, тенденции, доказательства. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2017; 3: 26–33.
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Аннотация
Уже более 20 лет по всему миру ведутся исследования, направленные на изучение структуры и функции пребиотиков – олигосахаридов. Селективное стимулирование роста полезных микроорганизмов кишечника позиционируется как главный критерий, определяющий эффект добавления в детские смеси пребиотиков. Однако уже давно известно, что эффекты пребиотиков выходят далеко за рамки влияния на кишечную микробиоту. Результаты клинических исследований доказывают влияние пребиотиков на иммунитет и снижение риска развития аллергии, а гипотеза о связи головного мозга и кишечника получает все больше доказательств в клинических исследованиях. В рамках этой концепции роль пребиотиков как «психобиотиков» становится еще более значимой. Появившиеся совсем недавно синтетические аналоги олигосахаридов грудного молока представляют собой новое направление в изучении пребиотиков. Также получены интересные данные по механизмам иммуномодулирующего действия олигосахаридов грудного молока. Очевидно, что полностью повторить состав олигосахаридов грудного молока невозможно.
Приблизиться к их свойствам и эффектам – достаточно амбициозная задача для производителей детских смесей. Таким образом, исследования пребиотиков продолжают быть одним их самых перспективных направлений в области изучения не только кишечной микробиоты, но и иммунитета, аллергии и психического здоровья.
Ключевые слова: пребиотики, олигосахариды, грудное молоко, искусственное вскармливание, психобиотики.
Key words: prebiotics, oligosaccharides, breast milk, artificial feeding, psychobiotics.
Приблизиться к их свойствам и эффектам – достаточно амбициозная задача для производителей детских смесей. Таким образом, исследования пребиотиков продолжают быть одним их самых перспективных направлений в области изучения не только кишечной микробиоты, но и иммунитета, аллергии и психического здоровья.
Ключевые слова: пребиотики, олигосахариды, грудное молоко, искусственное вскармливание, психобиотики.
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Key words: prebiotics, oligosaccharides, breast milk, artificial feeding, psychobiotics.
Полный текст
Список литературы
1. Theis KR, Dheilly NM, Klassen JL et al. Getting the Hologenome Concept Right: an
Eco-Evolutionary Framework for Hosts and Their Microbiomes. M Systems 2016; 1 (2): e00028-16.
2. Catania F, Krohs U, ChittШ M et al. The hologenome consept: we need to incorporate function. Theory Biosci 2016; 12: 19.
3. Slattery J, MacFabe DF, Frye RE. The Significance of the Enteric Microbiome on the Development of Childhood Disease: A Review of Prebiotic and Probiotic Therapies in Disorders of Childhood. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2016; 10: 91–107. eCollection 2016.
4. Bruzzese E, Volpicelli M, Squeglia V et al. A formula containing galacto- and fructo-
oligosaccahrides prevents intestinal and extra intestinal infections: An observational study. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 156–61.
5. Arslanoglu S, Moro G, Schmitt J, Boehm G. Early Dietary Intervention with a mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of allergy associated symptoms and infections during the first 2 years of life. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1091–5.
6. Moro G, Arslanoglu S, Stahl B et al. A mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 814–9.
7. Scholtens PA, Alliet P, Raes M et al. Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A Is Increased in Healthy Infants Who Receive a Formula with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1141–7.
8. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M et al. Dosage-Related Bifidogenic Effects of Galacto- and
Fructooligosaccharides in Formula-Fed Term Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34 (3): 291–5.
9. Grüber C et al. Immunoactive prebiotics transiently prevent occurrence of early
atopic dermatitis among low-atopy-risk infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136 (6): 1696–8.
10. Boyle RJ, Tang ML, Chiang WC et al. Prebiotic-supplemented partially hydrolysed cow’s milk formula for the prevention of eczema in high-risk infants: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2016; 71 (5): 701–10.
11. Arslanoglu S et al. Early neutral prebiotic oligosaccharide supplementation reduces the incidence of some allergic manifestations in the rst 5 years of life. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012; 26 (Suppl. 3): 49–59.
12. Indrio F et al. Prebiotics improve gastric motiliy and gastric electricial activity in preterm newborns. JPGN 2009; 49 (2): 258–61.
13. Boehm G et al. Supplementation of bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86 (3): F178–81.
14. Mihatsch W et al. Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce stool viscosity and accelerate
gastrointestinal transport in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95 (7): 843–8.
15. Modi N et al. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the effect of prebiotic
oligosaccharides on enteral tolerance in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 2010; 68: 440–5.
16. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Review: Psychobiotics: a Novel Class of Psychotropic. Biol psychiatry 2013.
17. Sarkar A, Lehto SM, Harty S et al. Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria- Gut-Brain Signals. Trends Neurosci 2016; 39 (11): 763–81.
18. Savignac HM et al. Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and d-serine. Neurochem Int 2013;: 756–76.
19. Williams S et al. Neonatal prebiotic (BGOS) supplementation increases the levels of
synaptophysin, GluN2A-subunits and BDNF proteins in the adult rat hippocampus. Synapse 2016; 70 (3): 121–4.
20. Vázquez E et al. Effects of a human milk oligosaccharide, 2'-fucosyllactose, on hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning capabilities in rodents. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26 (5): 455–65.
21. Burokas A, Arboleya S, Moloney RD et al. Targeting the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Prebiotics have anxiolytic and andepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82 (7): 472–87.
22. Schmidt K et al. Prebiotic intake reduces the waking cortisol response and alters emotional bias in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232 (10): 1793–801.
23. Donovan SM, Comstock SS. Human Milk Oligosaccharides Influence Neonatal Mucosal and Systemic Immunity. Ann Nutr Metab 2016; 69 (Suppl. 2): 42–51.
24. Kulinich А, Li Liu. Human milk oligosaccharides: The role in the fine-tuning of innate immune responses. Carbohydr Res 2016; 432: 62–70.
25. Autran CA, Schoterman MH, Jantscher-Krenn E et al. Sialylated galacto-oligosac- charides and 2 -fucosyllactose reduce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats. Brit J Nutr 2016; 116: 294–9.
26. Seppo AE, Autran CA, Bode L, JКrvinen KM. Human milk oligosaccharides and de-
velopment of cow's milk allergy in infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139 (2): 708–11.
27. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2014. Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae. EFSA J 2014; 12 (7): 3760.
28. Salminen S. Regulatory Aspects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser 2017; 88: 161–70.
29. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies: Scientific opinion on the safety of 2’-0- fucosyllactose as a novel food ingredient pursuant to regulation (EC) No 258/97, 2015.
30. Puccio G et al. Effects of Infant Formula with human milk oligosaccharides on growth and morbidity: a randomized multicenter trial. JPGN 2017; 64 (4).
31. Marriage BJ, Buck RH, Goehring KC et al. Infants Fed a Lower Calorie Formula With 2'FL Show
Growth and 2'FL Uptake Like Breast-Fed Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61: 649–58.
32. Goehring KC, Marriage BJ, Oliver JS et al. Similar to Those Who Are Breastfed, Infants Fed a Formula Containing 2'-Fucosyllactose Have Lower Inflammatory Cytokines in a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2016; 146 (12): 2559–66.
Eco-Evolutionary Framework for Hosts and Their Microbiomes. M Systems 2016; 1 (2): e00028-16.
2. Catania F, Krohs U, ChittШ M et al. The hologenome consept: we need to incorporate function. Theory Biosci 2016; 12: 19.
3. Slattery J, MacFabe DF, Frye RE. The Significance of the Enteric Microbiome on the Development of Childhood Disease: A Review of Prebiotic and Probiotic Therapies in Disorders of Childhood. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2016; 10: 91–107. eCollection 2016.
4. Bruzzese E, Volpicelli M, Squeglia V et al. A formula containing galacto- and fructo-
oligosaccahrides prevents intestinal and extra intestinal infections: An observational study. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 156–61.
5. Arslanoglu S, Moro G, Schmitt J, Boehm G. Early Dietary Intervention with a mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of allergy associated symptoms and infections during the first 2 years of life. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1091–5.
6. Moro G, Arslanoglu S, Stahl B et al. A mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 814–9.
7. Scholtens PA, Alliet P, Raes M et al. Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A Is Increased in Healthy Infants Who Receive a Formula with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1141–7.
8. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M et al. Dosage-Related Bifidogenic Effects of Galacto- and
Fructooligosaccharides in Formula-Fed Term Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34 (3): 291–5.
9. Grüber C et al. Immunoactive prebiotics transiently prevent occurrence of early
atopic dermatitis among low-atopy-risk infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136 (6): 1696–8.
10. Boyle RJ, Tang ML, Chiang WC et al. Prebiotic-supplemented partially hydrolysed cow’s milk formula for the prevention of eczema in high-risk infants: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2016; 71 (5): 701–10.
11. Arslanoglu S et al. Early neutral prebiotic oligosaccharide supplementation reduces the incidence of some allergic manifestations in the rst 5 years of life. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012; 26 (Suppl. 3): 49–59.
12. Indrio F et al. Prebiotics improve gastric motiliy and gastric electricial activity in preterm newborns. JPGN 2009; 49 (2): 258–61.
13. Boehm G et al. Supplementation of bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86 (3): F178–81.
14. Mihatsch W et al. Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce stool viscosity and accelerate
gastrointestinal transport in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95 (7): 843–8.
15. Modi N et al. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the effect of prebiotic
oligosaccharides on enteral tolerance in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 2010; 68: 440–5.
16. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Review: Psychobiotics: a Novel Class of Psychotropic. Biol psychiatry 2013.
17. Sarkar A, Lehto SM, Harty S et al. Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria- Gut-Brain Signals. Trends Neurosci 2016; 39 (11): 763–81.
18. Savignac HM et al. Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and d-serine. Neurochem Int 2013;: 756–76.
19. Williams S et al. Neonatal prebiotic (BGOS) supplementation increases the levels of
synaptophysin, GluN2A-subunits and BDNF proteins in the adult rat hippocampus. Synapse 2016; 70 (3): 121–4.
20. Vázquez E et al. Effects of a human milk oligosaccharide, 2'-fucosyllactose, on hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning capabilities in rodents. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26 (5): 455–65.
21. Burokas A, Arboleya S, Moloney RD et al. Targeting the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Prebiotics have anxiolytic and andepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82 (7): 472–87.
22. Schmidt K et al. Prebiotic intake reduces the waking cortisol response and alters emotional bias in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232 (10): 1793–801.
23. Donovan SM, Comstock SS. Human Milk Oligosaccharides Influence Neonatal Mucosal and Systemic Immunity. Ann Nutr Metab 2016; 69 (Suppl. 2): 42–51.
24. Kulinich А, Li Liu. Human milk oligosaccharides: The role in the fine-tuning of innate immune responses. Carbohydr Res 2016; 432: 62–70.
25. Autran CA, Schoterman MH, Jantscher-Krenn E et al. Sialylated galacto-oligosac- charides and 2 -fucosyllactose reduce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats. Brit J Nutr 2016; 116: 294–9.
26. Seppo AE, Autran CA, Bode L, JКrvinen KM. Human milk oligosaccharides and de-
velopment of cow's milk allergy in infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139 (2): 708–11.
27. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2014. Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae. EFSA J 2014; 12 (7): 3760.
28. Salminen S. Regulatory Aspects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser 2017; 88: 161–70.
29. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies: Scientific opinion on the safety of 2’-0- fucosyllactose as a novel food ingredient pursuant to regulation (EC) No 258/97, 2015.
30. Puccio G et al. Effects of Infant Formula with human milk oligosaccharides on growth and morbidity: a randomized multicenter trial. JPGN 2017; 64 (4).
31. Marriage BJ, Buck RH, Goehring KC et al. Infants Fed a Lower Calorie Formula With 2'FL Show
Growth and 2'FL Uptake Like Breast-Fed Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61: 649–58.
32. Goehring KC, Marriage BJ, Oliver JS et al. Similar to Those Who Are Breastfed, Infants Fed a Formula Containing 2'-Fucosyllactose Have Lower Inflammatory Cytokines in a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2016; 146 (12): 2559–66.
Eco-Evolutionary Framework for Hosts and Their Microbiomes. M Systems 2016; 1 (2): e00028-16.
2. Catania F, Krohs U, ChittШ M et al. The hologenome consept: we need to incorporate function. Theory Biosci 2016; 12: 19.
3. Slattery J, MacFabe DF, Frye RE. The Significance of the Enteric Microbiome on the Development of Childhood Disease: A Review of Prebiotic and Probiotic Therapies in Disorders of Childhood. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2016; 10: 91–107. eCollection 2016.
4. Bruzzese E, Volpicelli M, Squeglia V et al. A formula containing galacto- and fructo-
oligosaccahrides prevents intestinal and extra intestinal infections: An observational study. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 156–61.
5. Arslanoglu S, Moro G, Schmitt J, Boehm G. Early Dietary Intervention with a mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of allergy associated symptoms and infections during the first 2 years of life. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1091–5.
6. Moro G, Arslanoglu S, Stahl B et al. A mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 814–9.
7. Scholtens PA, Alliet P, Raes M et al. Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A Is Increased in Healthy Infants Who Receive a Formula with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1141–7.
8. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M et al. Dosage-Related Bifidogenic Effects of Galacto- and
Fructooligosaccharides in Formula-Fed Term Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34 (3): 291–5.
9. Grüber C et al. Immunoactive prebiotics transiently prevent occurrence of early
atopic dermatitis among low-atopy-risk infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136 (6): 1696–8.
10. Boyle RJ, Tang ML, Chiang WC et al. Prebiotic-supplemented partially hydrolysed cow’s milk formula for the prevention of eczema in high-risk infants: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2016; 71 (5): 701–10.
11. Arslanoglu S et al. Early neutral prebiotic oligosaccharide supplementation reduces the incidence of some allergic manifestations in the rst 5 years of life. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012; 26 (Suppl. 3): 49–59.
12. Indrio F et al. Prebiotics improve gastric motiliy and gastric electricial activity in preterm newborns. JPGN 2009; 49 (2): 258–61.
13. Boehm G et al. Supplementation of bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86 (3): F178–81.
14. Mihatsch W et al. Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce stool viscosity and accelerate
gastrointestinal transport in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95 (7): 843–8.
15. Modi N et al. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the effect of prebiotic
oligosaccharides on enteral tolerance in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 2010; 68: 440–5.
16. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Review: Psychobiotics: a Novel Class of Psychotropic. Biol psychiatry 2013.
17. Sarkar A, Lehto SM, Harty S et al. Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria- Gut-Brain Signals. Trends Neurosci 2016; 39 (11): 763–81.
18. Savignac HM et al. Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and d-serine. Neurochem Int 2013;: 756–76.
19. Williams S et al. Neonatal prebiotic (BGOS) supplementation increases the levels of
synaptophysin, GluN2A-subunits and BDNF proteins in the adult rat hippocampus. Synapse 2016; 70 (3): 121–4.
20. Vázquez E et al. Effects of a human milk oligosaccharide, 2'-fucosyllactose, on hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning capabilities in rodents. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26 (5): 455–65.
21. Burokas A, Arboleya S, Moloney RD et al. Targeting the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Prebiotics have anxiolytic and andepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82 (7): 472–87.
22. Schmidt K et al. Prebiotic intake reduces the waking cortisol response and alters emotional bias in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232 (10): 1793–801.
23. Donovan SM, Comstock SS. Human Milk Oligosaccharides Influence Neonatal Mucosal and Systemic Immunity. Ann Nutr Metab 2016; 69 (Suppl. 2): 42–51.
24. Kulinich А, Li Liu. Human milk oligosaccharides: The role in the fine-tuning of innate immune responses. Carbohydr Res 2016; 432: 62–70.
25. Autran CA, Schoterman MH, Jantscher-Krenn E et al. Sialylated galacto-oligosac- charides and 2 -fucosyllactose reduce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats. Brit J Nutr 2016; 116: 294–9.
26. Seppo AE, Autran CA, Bode L, JКrvinen KM. Human milk oligosaccharides and de-
velopment of cow's milk allergy in infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139 (2): 708–11.
27. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2014. Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae. EFSA J 2014; 12 (7): 3760.
28. Salminen S. Regulatory Aspects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser 2017; 88: 161–70.
29. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies: Scientific opinion on the safety of 2’-0- fucosyllactose as a novel food ingredient pursuant to regulation (EC) No 258/97, 2015.
30. Puccio G et al. Effects of Infant Formula with human milk oligosaccharides on growth and morbidity: a randomized multicenter trial. JPGN 2017; 64 (4).
31. Marriage BJ, Buck RH, Goehring KC et al. Infants Fed a Lower Calorie Formula With 2'FL Show
Growth and 2'FL Uptake Like Breast-Fed Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61: 649–58.
32. Goehring KC, Marriage BJ, Oliver JS et al. Similar to Those Who Are Breastfed, Infants Fed a Formula Containing 2'-Fucosyllactose Have Lower Inflammatory Cytokines in a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2016; 146 (12): 2559–66.
________________________________________________
Eco-Evolutionary Framework for Hosts and Their Microbiomes. M Systems 2016; 1 (2): e00028-16.
2. Catania F, Krohs U, ChittШ M et al. The hologenome consept: we need to incorporate function. Theory Biosci 2016; 12: 19.
3. Slattery J, MacFabe DF, Frye RE. The Significance of the Enteric Microbiome on the Development of Childhood Disease: A Review of Prebiotic and Probiotic Therapies in Disorders of Childhood. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2016; 10: 91–107. eCollection 2016.
4. Bruzzese E, Volpicelli M, Squeglia V et al. A formula containing galacto- and fructo-
oligosaccahrides prevents intestinal and extra intestinal infections: An observational study. Clin Nutr 2009; 28: 156–61.
5. Arslanoglu S, Moro G, Schmitt J, Boehm G. Early Dietary Intervention with a mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of allergy associated symptoms and infections during the first 2 years of life. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1091–5.
6. Moro G, Arslanoglu S, Stahl B et al. A mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 814–9.
7. Scholtens PA, Alliet P, Raes M et al. Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A Is Increased in Healthy Infants Who Receive a Formula with Short-Chain Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1141–7.
8. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M et al. Dosage-Related Bifidogenic Effects of Galacto- and
Fructooligosaccharides in Formula-Fed Term Infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34 (3): 291–5.
9. Grüber C et al. Immunoactive prebiotics transiently prevent occurrence of early
atopic dermatitis among low-atopy-risk infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136 (6): 1696–8.
10. Boyle RJ, Tang ML, Chiang WC et al. Prebiotic-supplemented partially hydrolysed cow’s milk formula for the prevention of eczema in high-risk infants: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2016; 71 (5): 701–10.
11. Arslanoglu S et al. Early neutral prebiotic oligosaccharide supplementation reduces the incidence of some allergic manifestations in the rst 5 years of life. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2012; 26 (Suppl. 3): 49–59.
12. Indrio F et al. Prebiotics improve gastric motiliy and gastric electricial activity in preterm newborns. JPGN 2009; 49 (2): 258–61.
13. Boehm G et al. Supplementation of bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86 (3): F178–81.
14. Mihatsch W et al. Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce stool viscosity and accelerate
gastrointestinal transport in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95 (7): 843–8.
15. Modi N et al. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the effect of prebiotic
oligosaccharides on enteral tolerance in preterm infants. Pediatric Research 2010; 68: 440–5.
16. Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Review: Psychobiotics: a Novel Class of Psychotropic. Biol psychiatry 2013.
17. Sarkar A, Lehto SM, Harty S et al. Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria- Gut-Brain Signals. Trends Neurosci 2016; 39 (11): 763–81.
18. Savignac HM et al. Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits and d-serine. Neurochem Int 2013;: 756–76.
19. Williams S et al. Neonatal prebiotic (BGOS) supplementation increases the levels of
synaptophysin, GluN2A-subunits and BDNF proteins in the adult rat hippocampus. Synapse 2016; 70 (3): 121–4.
20. Vázquez E et al. Effects of a human milk oligosaccharide, 2'-fucosyllactose, on hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning capabilities in rodents. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26 (5): 455–65.
21. Burokas A, Arboleya S, Moloney RD et al. Targeting the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Prebiotics have anxiolytic and andepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82 (7): 472–87.
22. Schmidt K et al. Prebiotic intake reduces the waking cortisol response and alters emotional bias in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232 (10): 1793–801.
23. Donovan SM, Comstock SS. Human Milk Oligosaccharides Influence Neonatal Mucosal and Systemic Immunity. Ann Nutr Metab 2016; 69 (Suppl. 2): 42–51.
24. Kulinich А, Li Liu. Human milk oligosaccharides: The role in the fine-tuning of innate immune responses. Carbohydr Res 2016; 432: 62–70.
25. Autran CA, Schoterman MH, Jantscher-Krenn E et al. Sialylated galacto-oligosac- charides and 2 -fucosyllactose reduce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats. Brit J Nutr 2016; 116: 294–9.
26. Seppo AE, Autran CA, Bode L, JКrvinen KM. Human milk oligosaccharides and de-
velopment of cow's milk allergy in infants. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139 (2): 708–11.
27. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2014. Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae. EFSA J 2014; 12 (7): 3760.
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Авторы
И.Н.Захарова1, Т.Е.Лаврова*2, М.Ф.Талызина2, Е.Б.Мачнева1
1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1;
2 ООО «Нутриция». 143421, Россия, Московская область, Красногорский р-н, 26-й км автодороги «Балтия», бизнес-центр «Рига Ленд», стр. 1
*Tatyana.LAVROVA@danone.com
1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaia, 2/1;
2 "Nutricia". 143421, Russian Federation, Moscow region, Krasnogorskii area, Baltia highway, 26th km, business-centre "Riga Lend", building 1
*Tatyana.LAVROVA@danone.com
1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1;
2 ООО «Нутриция». 143421, Россия, Московская область, Красногорский р-н, 26-й км автодороги «Балтия», бизнес-центр «Рига Ленд», стр. 1
*Tatyana.LAVROVA@danone.com
________________________________________________
1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, st. Barrikadnaia, 2/1;
2 "Nutricia". 143421, Russian Federation, Moscow region, Krasnogorskii area, Baltia highway, 26th km, business-centre "Riga Lend", building 1
*Tatyana.LAVROVA@danone.com
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