Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев
Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев
Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Касьянова А.Н. и др. Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 3: 24–29.
DOI: 10.26442/2413-8460_2018.3.24-29
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Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Касьянова А.Н. и др. Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 3: 24–29.
DOI: 10.26442/2413-8460_2018.3.24-29
Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев
Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Касьянова А.Н. и др. Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 3: 24–29.
DOI: 10.26442/2413-8460_2018.3.24-29
________________________________________________
Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Касьянова А.Н. и др. Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей раннего возраста – современный взгляд на традиционные проблемы у младенцев. Педиатрия (Прил. к журн. Consilium Medicum). 2018; 3: 24–29.
DOI: 10.26442/2413-8460_2018.3.24-29
Функциональные нарушения (ФН) желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) у детей первых месяцев жизни являются одной из самых первых проблем, с которой сталкиваются молодые родители. Данные проявления не связаны со структурными и воспалительными изменениями ЖКТ. Срыгивания, регургитация, колики, запоры сопровождаются приступами беспокойства и нарушениями поведения малыша, что пугает родителей и меняет качество жизни семьи. Учитывая данные опроса врачей, оказалось, что диагностика младенческих колик вызывает затруднения примерно у 47%, а их терапия – у более чем 30% педиатров. В статье освещены вопросы ФН ЖКТ у детей раннего возраста в свете современных Римских критериев IV и их соответствия МКБ-10. Приведены последние исследования по диетической коррекции ФН ЖКТ. Ключевые слова: дети, функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта, младенческие колики, запоры, гастроэзофагеальный рефлюкс, срыгивания, регургитация.
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Functional disorders (FD) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in children during the first months of life are one of the very first problems encountered by young parents. These manifestations are not associated with structural and inflammatory changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Burping, regurgitation, colic, constipation are accompanied by bouts of anxiety and behavior disorders of the baby, which frightens parents and changes the quality of life of the family. Considering the data of a survey of doctors, it turned out that the diagnosis of infant colic causes difficulties for approximately 47%, and their therapy for more than 30% of pediatricians. The article highlights the issues of FD GIT in young children in the light of modern Roman criteria IV and their compliance with ICD-10. The latest research on the dietary correction of the functional disorders of gastrointestinal tract is presented. Key words: children, functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, infant colic, constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, regurgitation, regurgitation.
Список литературы
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10. Kramer EAH, Den Hertog-Kuijl JH, Van Den Broek LMCL. Defecation patterns in infants: a prospective cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2015; 100 (6): 533–6.
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12. Liu X, Silverman A, Kern M. Excessive coupling of the salience network with intrinsic neurocognitive brain networks during rectal distension in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: a preliminary report. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28 (1): 43–53.
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21. Savino F, Locatelli E, Di Gioia D et al. Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains against gas-producing coliforms isolated from colicky infants. BMC Microbiol 2011; 11: 157.
22. Savino F, Garro M, Amaretti A et al. Comparison of formula-fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106 (4): 573–8.
23. Rajilić-Stojanović M, Heilig HG, Molenaar D et al. Development and application of the human intestinal tract chip, a phylogenetic microarray: analysis of universally conserved phylotypes in the abundant microbiota of young and elderly adults. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11: 1736–51.
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29. Chogle A, Velasco-Benitez CA, Koppen IJ et al. A population-based study on the epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders in young children. J Pediatr 2016; 179: 139–43.e1.
30. Malowitz S, Green M, Karpinski A et al. Age of onset of functional constipation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016; 62: 600–2.
31. Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25 (1): 3–18.
32. Lewis ML, Palsson OS, Whitehead WE, van Tilburg M.A. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 2016; 177: 39–43.e3.
33. Saps M, Nichols-Vinueza DX, Rosen JM, Velasco-Benitez CA. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in Colombian school children. J Pediatr 2014; 164 (3): 542–5.
34. Lu PL, Velasco-Benítez CA, Saps M. Sex, Age, and Prevalence of Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Constipation in Colombia: A Population-based Study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017; 64 (6): e137–e141.
35. Lu PL, Saps M, Chanis RA, Velasco-Benitez CA. The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children in Panama: a schoolbased study. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105 (5): e232–e236.
36. Zhang SC, Wang WL, Qu RB et al. Epidemiologic survey on the prevalence and distribution of childhood functional constipation in the northern areas of China: a population-based study. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2010; 31 (7): 751–4.
37. Walter HA, Hovenkamp A, Rajindrajith S et al. OP-12 prevalence of functional constipation in infants and toddlers in Sri Lanka. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61 (4): 541.
38. Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM. Constipation in children: novel insight into epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 17 (1): 35–47.
39. Knowles CH, Farrugia G. Gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology in chronic constipation. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25 (1): 43–57.
40. King SK, Sutcliffe JR, Ong SY et al. Substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide are reduced in right transverse colon in pediatric slowtransit constipation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010; 22 (8): 883–92, e234.
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48. Savino F, Palumeri E, Castagno E et al. Reduction of crying episodes owing to infantile colic: A randomized controlled study on the efficacy of a new infant formula. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 60: 1304–10.
49. Pärtty A, Luoto R, Kalliomäki M et al. Effects of early prebiotic and probiotic supplementation on development of gut microbiota and fussing and crying in preterm infants: a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. J Pediatr 2013; 163: 1272-7.e1-2.
50. Quinlan PT, Lockton S, Irwin J, Lucas AL. The relationship between stool hardness and stool composition in breast- and formula-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995; 20: 81–90.
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52. Yao M, Lien EL, Capeding MR et al. Effects of term infant formulas containing high sn-2 palmitate with and without oligofructose on stool composition, stool characteristics, and bifidogenicity: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 59: 440–8.
53. Carnielli VP, Luijendik IHT, van Goudoever JB et al. Structural position and amount of palmitic acid in formulas: effects on fat, fatty acid, and mineral balance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1996; 23: 554–60.
54. Bongers MEJ, de Lorijn F, Reitsma JB et al. The clinical effect of a new infant formula in term infants with constipation: a double-blind, randomized cross-over trial. Nutr J 2007; 6: 8.
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1. Benninga MA, Faure C, Hyman PE et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: neonate/toddler. Gastroenterology 2016; 150 (6): 1443–55.e2.
2. Hyams JS, Di Lorenzo C, Saps M et al. Functional disorders: children and Adolescents. Gastroenterology 2016; 150 (6): 1456–68.
3. Varni JW, Bendo CB, Nurko S et al. PediatricQuality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module Testing Study Consortium. Health-related quality of life in pediatric patients with functional and organic gastrointestinal diseases. J Pediatr 2015; 166 (1): 85–90.
4. Hoekman DR, Rutten JMTM, Vlieger AM et al. Annual costs of care for pediatric irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain, and functional abdominal pain syndrome. J Pediatr 2015; 167 (5): 1103–8.e2.
5. Belsey J, Greenfield S, Candy D, Geraint M. Systematic review: impact of constipation on quality of life in adults and children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 31 (9): 938–49.
6. Liem O, Harman J, Benninga M et al. Health utilization and cost impact of childhood constipation in the United States. J Pediatr 2009; 154 (2): 258–62.
7. Zeevenhooven J, Koppen IJ, Benninga MA. The New Rome IV Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants and Toddlers. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2017; 20 (1): 1–13.
8. Van Tilburg MAL, Hyman PE, Walker L et al. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and toddlers. J Pediatr 2015; 166 (3):84–89.
9. Camilleri M, Park SY, Scarpato E, Staiano A. Exploring hypotheses and rationale for causes of infantile colic. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29 (2).
10. Kramer EAH, Den Hertog-Kuijl JH, Van Den Broek LMCL. Defecation patterns in infants: a prospective cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2015; 100 (6): 533–6.
11. Mayer EA, Tillisch K. The brain-gut axis in abdominal pain syndromes. Annu Rev Med 2011; 62: 381–96.
12. Liu X, Silverman A, Kern M. Excessive coupling of the salience network with intrinsic neurocognitive brain networks during rectal distension in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: a preliminary report. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28 (1): 43–53.
13. Hubbard CS, Becerra L, Heinz N et al. Abdominal pain, the adolescent and altered brain structure and function. PLoS One 2016; 11 (5): e0156545.
14. Zakharova I.N., Sugyan N.G., Berezhnaya I.V. Funktsional'nye gastrointestinal'nye rasstroistva u detei rannego vozrasta: kriterii diagnostiki i podkhody k dietoterapii. Ros. vestn. perinatologii i pediatrii. 2018; 63 (1): 113–21. [in Russian]
15. Vandenplas Y, Rudolph CD, Di Lorenzo C et al. Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux clinical practice guidelines: joint recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 49: 498–547.
16. Lucassen PL, Assendelft WJ, van Eijk JT et al. Systematic review of the occurrence of infantile colic in the community. Arch Dis Child 2001; 84: 398–403.
17. Vandenplas Y, Abkari A, Bellaiche M et al. Prevalence and health outcomes of functional gastrointestinal symptoms in infants from birth to 12 months of age. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61: 531–7.
18. Koppen IJ, Nurko S, Saps M et al. The pediatric Rome IV criteria: what's new? Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11 (3): 193–201. DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1282820
19. Savino F, Cordisco L, Tarasco V et al. Molecular identification of coliform bacteria from colicky breastfed infants. Acta Paediatr 2009; 98 (10): 1582–8.
20. Savino F, Palumeri E, Tullio V et al. Intestinal microflora in breastfed colicky and non-colicky infants. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93 (6): 825–9.
21. Savino F, Locatelli E, Di Gioia D et al. Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus strains against gas-producing coliforms isolated from colicky infants. BMC Microbiol 2011; 11: 157.
22. Savino F, Garro M, Amaretti A et al. Comparison of formula-fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106 (4): 573–8.
23. Rajilić-Stojanović M, Heilig HG, Molenaar D et al. Development and application of the human intestinal tract chip, a phylogenetic microarray: analysis of universally conserved phylotypes in the abundant microbiota of young and elderly adults. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11: 1736–51.
24. De Weerth C, Fuentes S, Puylaert P, de Vos WM. Intestinal microbiota of infants with colic: development and specific signatures. Pediatrics 2013; 131: e550–e558.
25. De Weerth C, Fuentes S, de Vos WM. Crying in infants: on the possible role of intestinal microbiota in the development of colic. Gut Microbes 2013; 4: 416–21.
26. Gelfand AA, Goadsby PJ, Allen IE. The relationship between migraine and infant colic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cephalalgia 2015; 35 (1): 63–72.
27. Tabrizi M, Badeli H, Hassanzadeh Rad A et al. Is Infantile Colic an Early Life Expression of Childhood Migraine? Iran J Child Neurol 2017; 11 (3): 37–41.
28. Tabbers MM, DiLorenzo C, Berger MY et al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition; North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology. Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 58 (2): 258–74.
29. Chogle A, Velasco-Benitez CA, Koppen IJ et al. A population-based study on the epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders in young children. J Pediatr 2016; 179: 139–43.e1.
30. Malowitz S, Green M, Karpinski A et al. Age of onset of functional constipation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016; 62: 600–2.
31. Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25 (1): 3–18.
32. Lewis ML, Palsson OS, Whitehead WE, van Tilburg M.A. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 2016; 177: 39–43.e3.
33. Saps M, Nichols-Vinueza DX, Rosen JM, Velasco-Benitez CA. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in Colombian school children. J Pediatr 2014; 164 (3): 542–5.
34. Lu PL, Velasco-Benítez CA, Saps M. Sex, Age, and Prevalence of Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Constipation in Colombia: A Population-based Study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017; 64 (6): e137–e141.
35. Lu PL, Saps M, Chanis RA, Velasco-Benitez CA. The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children in Panama: a schoolbased study. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105 (5): e232–e236.
36. Zhang SC, Wang WL, Qu RB et al. Epidemiologic survey on the prevalence and distribution of childhood functional constipation in the northern areas of China: a population-based study. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2010; 31 (7): 751–4.
37. Walter HA, Hovenkamp A, Rajindrajith S et al. OP-12 prevalence of functional constipation in infants and toddlers in Sri Lanka. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015; 61 (4): 541.
38. Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM. Constipation in children: novel insight into epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 17 (1): 35–47.
39. Knowles CH, Farrugia G. Gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology in chronic constipation. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25 (1): 43–57.
40. King SK, Sutcliffe JR, Ong SY et al. Substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide are reduced in right transverse colon in pediatric slowtransit constipation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010; 22 (8): 883–92, e234.
41. Peeters B, Benninga MA, Hennekam RC. Childhood constipation; an overview of genetic studies and associated syndromes. Best Practice Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25 (1): 73–88.
42. Samsam M, Ahangari R, Naser SA. Pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders: revisiting gastrointestinal involvement and immune imbalance. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20 (29): 9942–51.
43. Mazurek MO, Vasa RA, Kalb LG et al. Anxiety, sensory over-responsivity, and gastrointestinal problems in children with autism spectrum disorders. J Abnor Child Psychol 2013; 41 (1): 165–76.
44. Zakharova I.N., Sugyan N.G. Funktsional'nye narusheniia u zdorovykh detei rannego vozrasta. Med. sovet. 2017; 1: 161–5. [in Russian]
45. Nation ML, Dunne EM, Joseph SJ et al. Impact of Lactobacillus reuteri colonization on gut microbiota, inflammation, and crying time in infant colic. Sci Rep 2017; 7 (1): 15047.
46. Orel R, Reberšak LV. Clinical Effects of Prebiotics in Pediatric Population. Indian Pediatr 2016; 53 (12): 1083–9.
47. Zakharova I.N., Sugyan N.G., Аrdatskaya M.D., Lazareva S.I. Opyt primeneniya mul'tishtammovogo probiotika u detej grudnogo vozrasta s funktsional'nymi narusheniyami ZHKT. Med. sovet. 2015; 14: 48–53. [in Russian]
48. Savino F, Palumeri E, Castagno E et al. Reduction of crying episodes owing to infantile colic: A randomized controlled study on the efficacy of a new infant formula. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 60: 1304–10.
49. Pärtty A, Luoto R, Kalliomäki M et al. Effects of early prebiotic and probiotic supplementation on development of gut microbiota and fussing and crying in preterm infants: a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. J Pediatr 2013; 163: 1272-7.e1-2.
50. Quinlan PT, Lockton S, Irwin J, Lucas AL. The relationship between stool hardness and stool composition in breast- and formula-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995; 20: 81–90.
51. Kennedy K, Fewtrell MS, Morley et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of a synthetic triacylglycerol in formula-fed term infants: effects on stool biochemistry, stool characteristics, and bone mineralization. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 70: 920–7.
52. Yao M, Lien EL, Capeding MR et al. Effects of term infant formulas containing high sn-2 palmitate with and without oligofructose on stool composition, stool characteristics, and bifidogenicity: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014; 59: 440–8.
53. Carnielli VP, Luijendik IHT, van Goudoever JB et al. Structural position and amount of palmitic acid in formulas: effects on fat, fatty acid, and mineral balance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1996; 23: 554–60.
54. Bongers MEJ, de Lorijn F, Reitsma JB et al. The clinical effect of a new infant formula in term infants with constipation: a double-blind, randomized cross-over trial. Nutr J 2007; 6: 8.
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1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»
Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1;
2 ГБУЗ «Детская городская поликлиника №133» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы. 125445, Россия, Москва, ул. Смольная, д. 55
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru
1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Barrikadnaia, d. 2/1;
2 Children Сity Сlinical Hospital №133 of the Department of Health of the Russian Federation. 125445, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Smolnaia, d. 55
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru