Факторы, влияющие на формирование вкусовых предпочтений у ребенка

Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Мачнева Е.Б., Касьянова А.Н. Факторы, влияющие на формирование вкусовых предпочтений у ребенка. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum.2019; 2: 26–31. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2019.2.190480

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Zakharova I.N., Dmitrieva Iu.A., Machneva E.B., Kasjanova A.N. Factors affecting the formation of taste preferences in a child. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 2: 26–31. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2019.2.190480

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Аннотация

Вкусовые предпочтения начинают формироваться еще внутриутробно под влиянием генетических факторов и врожденных предпочтений. На протяжении первых лет жизни ребенка формирование вкусовых предпочтений продолжается уже под влиянием внешних факторов: питания кормящей матери, опыта знакомства ребенка с различными вкусами в период расширения диеты, особенностей национальной культуры питания, экологических, социальных и психологических факторов. Всех их необходимо учитывать педиатрам при составлении рациона питания кормящей женщины, определении схемы введения прикорма ребенку первого года жизни, составлении оптимального рациона ребенка в последующем. В статье представлены современные научные данные о влияющих на формирование вкусовых предпочтений у ребенка факторах, с их учетом возможно сформировать правильное пищевое поведение ребенка, которое является одним из важных условий его здоровья и полноценного развития.
Ключевые слова: вкус, вкусовые рецепторы, грудное вскармливание, дети, прикорм.

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Taste preferences begin to form even in utero under the influence of genetic factors and innate preferences. During the first years of a child’s life, the development of taste preferences continues under the influence of external factors: the nutrition of a nursing mother, the experience of acquainting a child with different tastes during the period of expanding the diet, the characteristics of the national food culture, environmental, social and psychological factors. All of them must be considered by pediatricians in the preparation of the diet of a nursing woman, determining the scheme of introducing complementary foods to the child of the first year of life, drawing up the optimal diet of the child in the future. The article presents modern scientific data on the factors affecting the formation of taste preferences in a child, with their consideration it is possible to form the correct eating behavior of the child, which is one of the important conditions for his health and full development.
Key words: taste, taste buds, breastfeeding, children, complementary foods.

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Авторы

И.Н. Захарова*1, Ю.А. Дмитриева1, Е.Б. Мачнева2, А.Н. Касьянова1

1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»
Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

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Irina N. Zakharova*1, Iuliia A. Dmitrieva1, Elena B. Machneva2, Anna N. Kasjanova1

1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
2 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

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