Загадочная Akkermansia muciniphila. Что мы знаем о ней сегодня?

Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Дубовец Н.Ф., Скоробогатова Е.В., Дубовец Е.А., Дубовец А.А. Загадочная Akkermansia muciniphila. Что мы знаем о ней сегодня? Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2023;1:74–80.
DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2023.1.202190

© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2023 г.

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Zakharova IN, Berezhnaya IV, Dubovets NF, Skorobogatova EV, Dubovets EA, Dubovets AA. Mysterious Akkermansia muciniphila. What do we know about it? A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2023;1:74–80.
DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2023.1.202190

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Аннотация

«Микробы и человек» – тема, которая последнее десятилетие непрерывно изучается. Многочисленные современные работы показывают, что количественные и качественные изменения состава микробиоты желудочно-кишечного тракта оказывают как прямое, так и опосредованное воздействие на развитие метаболических изменений макроорганизма. Во многих странах запущены проекты по изучению микробиома и возможностей влияния на здоровье с помощью изменения среды, введения пробитика, метабиотика или синбиотика в организм. Значительное внимание уделяется метаболическим нарушениям и ожирению, поскольку это проблемы, которые приобретают масштабы глобальной прогрессирующей эпидемии. Более 2 млрд человек страдают избыточной массой тела и ожирением, в связи с чем многие специалисты продолжают искать перспективные методы борьбы с ним. Особую группу высокого риска развития ожирения составляют дети. Статистические данные показывают у детей неуклонный рост ожирения. За последние 10 лет этот рост демонстрировал стремительные темпы: с 6,7%, по данным 2010 г., до 9,1% к 2020 г. В этом контексте среди всех бактерий, населяющих желудочно-кишечный тракт, особое внимание привлекает Akkermansia muciniphila, у которой выявлен потенциал для лечения инсулинорезистентности, ожирения, сахарного диабета. В данной статье представлены обзор новых мировых исследований влияния А. muciniphila на макроорганизм и изучение способов коррекции метаболизма с помощью проботиков.

Ключевые слова: микробиота желудочно-кишечного тракта, Akkermansia muciniphila, ожирение, инсулинорезистентность

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"Microbes and humans" is a topic that has been continuously studied over the past decade. Numerous recent studies show that quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota have direct and indirect effects on metabolic changes in the host. Many countries are researching the microbiome and opportunities to influence health through environmental modification and introducing a probiotic, a metabiotic, or a synbiotic into the body. Considerable attention is paid to metabolic disorders and obesity, as these are issues that are becoming a progressive global epidemic. More than 2 billion people are overweight and obese, and many experts continue to look for promising methods to combat it. A special group of high risk for obesity is children. Statistics show a steady upward trend of obesity in children. Over the past 10 years, this trend has shown a rapid pace: from 6.7%, according to 2010, to 9.1% by 2020. In this context, Akkermansia muciniphila attracts special attention among all bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract due to its potential to treat insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. This article reviews new research on the A. muciniphila effects on the host and ways to correct metabolism using probiotics.

Keywords: gastrointestinal microbiota, Akkermansia muciniphila, obesity, insulin resistance

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15. Collado MC, Derrien M, Isolauri E, et al. Intestinal integrity and Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrad- ing member of the intestinal microbiota present in infants, adults, and the elderly. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007;73:7767-70. DOI:10.1128/AEM.01477-07
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18. Zhang T, Li Q, Cheng L, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic. Microb Biotechnol. 2019;12(1):1-17. DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.13410
19. Ottman N, Geerlings SY, Aalvink S, et al. Action and function of Akkermansia muciniphila in microbiome ecology, health and disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;31(6):637-42. DOI:10.1016/j.bpg.2017.10.001
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22. Cani PD, Knauf C. A newly identified protein from Akkermansia muciniphila stimulates GLP-1 secretion. Cell Metabolism. 2021;33(1):1073-75. DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.05.004
23. Babenko AIu, Krasilnikova EI, Likhonosov NP, et al. Different antihyperglycaemic drug effects on glycaemic variability in Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus. 2014;17(4):72-80 (in Russian). DOI:10.14341/DM2014472-80
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Авторы

И.Н. Захарова*1, И.В. Бережная1,2, Н.Ф. Дубовец2, Е.В. Скоробогатова2, Е.А. Дубовец3, А.А. Дубовец4

1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
3 ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
4 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

Irina N. Zakharova*1, Irina V. Berezhnaya1,2, Natalia F. Dubovets2, Ekaterina V. Skorobogatova2, Ekaterina A. Dubovets3, Alexandra A. Dubovets4

1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
2 Bashlyaeva Children`s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia;
3 Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia;
4 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

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