Электронные курительные устройства – опасное увлечение детей и подростков

Пшеничникова И.И., Комаров А.В., Пшеничникова А.Д., Захарова И.Н. Электронные курительные устройства – опасное увлечение детей и подростков. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2023;3:159–163.
DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2023.3.202311

© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2023 г.

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Pshenichnikova II, Komarov AV, Pshenichnikova AD, Zakharova IN. Electronic smoking devices: a dangerous hobby for children and adolescents. A review. Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2023;3:159–163.
DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2023.3.202311

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Аннотация

Распространение моды на использование электронных курительных устройств среди детей и подростков в настоящее время носит характер эпидемии. Это связано с поддерживаемым производителями заблуждением о мнимой безопасности электронных сигарет и вейпов по сравнению с табакокурением. Однако на сегодняшний день установлено, что использование электронных курительных устройств, напротив, приводит к увеличению никотиновой зависимости, повышает риск табакокурения и двойного потребления. Долгосрочное влияние ингаляционного аэрозоля, продуцируемого электронными курительными устройствами, на состояние здоровья пока изучено не в полной мере. Однако исследования установили его цитотоксическое и иммуносупрессивное влияние, способность провоцировать воспаление и оксидативный стресс, нарушение мукоцилиарного клиренса, изменение реактивности дыхательных путей, повреждение ДНК и нарушение процессов ее репарации. Показана связь между использованием электронных курительных устройств и развитием бронхиальной астмы. Потенциальные неблагоприятные последствия воздействия электронных сигарет на здоровье нуждаются в тщательном изучении, особенно у детей и подростков.

Ключевые слова: дети, подростки, электронные курительные устройства, электронные средства доставки никотина, электронные средства нагревания табака, вейпы, POD-системы, электронные сигареты, болезнь вейперов, «попкорновая болезнь», эндотелиальная дисфункция, оксидативный стресс, инфекционные заболевания, бронхиальная астма

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The bandwagon for electronic smoking devices among children and adolescents is currently epidemic-like. This is due to the misconception supported by manufacturers about the alleged safety of e-cigarettes and vapes compared to tobacco smoking. However, to date, it has been established that the use of electronic smoking devices, on the contrary, leads to an increase in nicotine dependence, increases the risk of smoking, and double consumption. The long-term health effects of inhaled aerosol from electronic smoking devices have not been thoroughly studied. However, studies showed its cytotoxic and immunosuppressive effects, the ability to drive inflammation and oxidative stress, impair mucociliary clearance, alter airway reactivity, cause DNA damage, and hamper its repair. The association between the use of electronic smoking devices and asthma has been shown. The potential adverse health effects of e-cigarettes need to be carefully studied, especially in children and adolescents.

Keywords: children, adolescents, electronic smoking devices, electronic nicotine delivery devices, electronic tobacco heating devices, vapes, POD systems, electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette product use-associated lung injury, "popcorn disease," endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, infectious diseases, asthma

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Авторы

И.И. Пшеничникова¹, А.В. Комаров¹, А.Д. Пшеничникова², И.Н. Захарова*¹

¹ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
²ГБОУ «Школа №1584», Москва, Россия
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

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Irina I. Pshenichnikova¹, Aleksey V. Komarov¹, Arina D. Pshenichnikova², Irina N. Zakharova*¹

¹Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
²School №1584, Moscow, Russia
*zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

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