Важной концепцией антигипертензивной терапии является органопротекция, которая предполагает защиту органов-мишеней от повреждений и восстановление уже имеющихся в них структурных и функциональных изменений. Гипертрофия миокарда левого желудочка (ГМЛЖ) как следствие негативного воздействия на сердце повышенного АД является независимым фактором риска развития сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Гипертрофическое ремоделирование приводит к нарушению функциональных свойств миокарда и коронарного кровообращения, к повышению риска желудочковых аритмий. Результаты метаанализа 80 двойных слепых клинических исследований показали, что наибольшая степень снижения индекса массы миокарда ЛЖ (на 13%) была отмечена у больных, получавших терапию блокаторами ангиотензиновых рецепторов (БРА). БРА лозартан, помимо непосредственного снижения АД, обладает рядом важных дополнительных свойств. В частности, при его долгосрочном приеме уменьшается степень ГМЛЖ, снижается риск развития фибрилляции предсердий, уменьшается степень сосудистого ремоделирования и выраженность эндотелиальной дисфункции. Помимо того, он обладает и другими специфическими свойствами, такими как наличие урикозурического эффекта, позитивное влияние на эректильную дисфункцию, противовоспалительные и антиагрегантные свойства, ослабление окисления липопротеинов низкой плотности и улучшение когнитивных функций. Одним из генериков лозартана, зарекомендовавших себя эффективным антигипертензивным препаратом с хорошим профилем безопасности, является препарат Лориста.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, кардиопротекция, блокаторы рецепторов к ангиотензину II, лозартан.
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The important concept of antihypertensive therapy is organ protection that is to keep target organs from damages and to resolve their existing structural and functional changes. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) resulting from the negative impact of elevated blood pressure (BP) on the heart is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Hypertrophic remodeling leads to impairment of myocardial functional properties and coronary circulation and to a higher risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Meta-analysis of 80 double-blind clinical studies showed that the highest reduction in LV myocardial mass index (by 13%) was observed in patients treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). In addition to its direct BP reduction, the ARB losartan has a number of additional beneficial properties. Specifically, its long-term use reduces the degree of LVH, the risk of atrial fibrillation, and the degree of vascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, the drug has also other specific properties, such as a uricosuric effect, a positive action on erectile dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and antiaggregatory properties, reduction of low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and improvement of cognitive functions. Lorista is one of the losartan generics that have proven to be an effective antihypertensive agent with a good safety profile.
Keywords: arterial hypertension, cardioprotection, angiotensin II receptor blockers, losartan
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Авторы
Т.Е.Морозова, Т.Б.Андрущишина
Кафедра клинической фармакологии и фармакотерапии факультета послевузовского профессионального образования врачей Московской медицинской академии им. И.М.Сеченова
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T.E. Morozova, T.B. Andrushchishina
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty for Postgraduate Education of Physicians, I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy