Целью исследования стала оценка антигипертензивной эффективности и влияния на основные факторы сердечно-сосудистого риска периндоприла А и телмисартана у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) и ожирением. Материалы и методы. В простое слепое рандомизированное сравнительное исследование были включены пациенты, не принимавшие гипотензивные препараты или после 2-недельного «отмывочного» периода. Пациенты были рандомизированы «методом конвертов» на 2 группы (по 30 человек в каждой). Пациенты 1-й группы принимали периндоприл А (Престариум А, Сервье) 10 мг/сут, 2-й группы – телмисартан (Микардис, Берингер Ингельхайм) 80 мг/сут на протяжении 24 нед. Суточное мониторирование артериального давления проводили на аппарате «SpaceLabs 90207» (США), измерение скорости – с помощью компьютеризированного устройства Colson. Индекс аугментации и центральное давление в аорте определяли на приборе Sphygmocor. Эхокардиографическое исследование проводили на приборе ALOKA prosound L7 premier по стандартной методике. Результаты. Снижение суточного систолического и диастолического артериального давления на периндоприле А составляло 15,2 и 18,1% против 9,6 (p<0,05) и 12,5% на телмисартане. Периндоприл А в большей степени уменьшал толщину миокарда и индекс массы миокарда левого желудочка, чем телмисартан – соответственно на 5,3 и 14,3% против 1,7 и 9,5% (p<0,05). Периндоприл А снижал скорость пульсовой волны на каротидно-феморальном участке на 28,9% и на каротидно-радиальном – на 25,8% против 23,7 и 20,1% (p<0,05) на телмиартане. Индекс аугментации и центральное давление в аорте снижались на фоне терапии периндоприлом А соответственно на 17,4% и 7,5%, а на телмисартане – на 9,8% и 4,2% (p<0,05). Принципиально важным для пациентов с АГ и ожирением является выявленное снижение уровня лептина крови при терапии периндоприлом А на 29,7% против 14,2% на телмисартане (p<0,05). Заключение. Периндоприл А в наибольшей степени подходит для лечения АГ при ожирении, так как не только эффективнее телмисартана снижает АД, но и оказывает более благоприятное влияние на широкий спектр факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений при таком сочетании патологий (от нормализации липидного и углеводного обмена до улучшения антропометрических показателей).
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, ожирение, периндоприл А.
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Aim: to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and influence of perindopril A and telmisartan on major cardiovascular risk factors in obese hypertensive patients. Subjects and methods. A simple blind randomized comparative trial enrolled patients who had not taken antihypertensive agents or after a 2-week drug-free period. The patients were randomized by an envelope method to 2 groups (each included 30 persons). Group 1 took perindopril A (Prestarium A, Servier) 10 mg/day; Group 2 received telmisartan (Micardis, Boehringer Ingelheim) 80 mg/day for 24 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was monitoring used a SpaceLabs 90207 system (USA) for 24 hours, velocity was measured by a Colson computed device. Aortic augmentation index and central aortic pressure were determined by a SphygmoCor system. Echocardiographic study was conducted on an ALOKA prosound L7 premier machine by the standard procedure. Results. The reduction in daily systolic and diastolic BP in the patients on perindopril A was 15,2 and 18,1% versus 9,6 (p<0,05) and 12,5% in those on telmisartan, respectively. Perindopril A decreased myocardial thickness and left ventricular mass index to a greater extent than telmisartan [by 5,3 and 14.3% versus 1,7 and 9,5%, respectively (p<0,05)]. Perindopril A, as compared with telmisartan, reduced carotid-femoral and carotid-radial pulse wave velocities by 28,9 and 25,8% versus 23,7 and 20,1%, respectively (p<0,05). During perindopril A therapy, aortic augmentation index and central aortic pressure fell by 17,4 and 7,5%, respectively while during telmisartan therapy, these decreased by 9,8 and 4,2%, respectively (p<0,05). Perindopril A versus telmisartan therapy showed reductions in blood leptin levels by 29,7 and 14,2%, respectively (p<0,05), which is of fundamental importance to obese hypertensive patients. Conclusion. Perindopril A is to the greatest extent suitable for the treatment of hypertension in obesity as it is not only more effective than telmisartan in lowering BP, but also exerts a more positive effect on a wide spectrum of cardiovascular risk factors in the concurrence of the abnormalities (from normalized lipid and carbohydrate metabolism to improved anthropometric parameters).
Key words: essential hypertension, obesity, perindopril A.
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