Статья посвящена возможностям использования в терапии артериальной гипертензии (АГ) b-адреноблокаторов. Более подробно рассмотрены особенности небиволола, высокоселективного b-адреноблокатора III поколения, оказывающего влияние на функцию эндотелия и стимулирующего синтез NO. Описан возможный механизм ангиопротективного действия препарата. Приведены доказательства антигипертензивной эффективности. Рассмотрены вопросы влияния небиволола на состояние органов-мишеней при АГ, метаболические эффекты небиволола, возможности назначения препарата у больных с сопутствующими заболеваниями.
The paper considers whether b-adrenoblockers may be used in the therapy of hypertension. It views in more detail the specific features of nebivolol, a third-generation highly selective b-adrenoblocker that has properties of acting on endothelial function and stimulating NO synthesis. The possible mechanism for the angioprotective activity of the drug is described. There is evidence for its antihypertensive efficacy. The effect of nebivolol on target organs in hypertension, its metabolic effects, and the possibilities of using the drug in patients with comorbidities are considered.
1. Thorin E, Thorin-Trescases N. Vascular endothelial ageing, heartbeat after heartbeat. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 84 (1): 24–32.
2. Bangalore S, Messerli FH, Kostis JB, Pepine CJ. Cardiovascular protection using b-blockers: a critical review of the evidence. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50: 563–72.
3. Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM et al. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation 2006; 113 (9): 1213–25.
4. Magid DJ, Shetterly SM, Margolis KL et al. Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors vs b-blockers as second-line therapy for hypertension circ. Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2010; 3: 453–8.
5. Oğuz A, Uzunlulu M, Yorulmaz E et al. Effect of nebivolol and metoprolol treatments on serum asymmetric dimethy larginine levels in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2007; 7 (4): 383–7.
6. Zepeda RJ, Castillo R, Rodrigo R et al. Effect of carvedilol and nebivolol on oxidative stress-related parameters and endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2012; 111 (5): 309–16.
7. Feng MG, Prieto MC, Navar LG. Nebivolol-induced vasodilation of renal afferent arterioles involves b3-adrenergic receptor and nitric oxide synthase activation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 303 (5): 775–82.
8. Lewin A, Lasseter KC, Dong F, Whalen JC. Nebivolol withdrawal results in blood pressure returning toward pretreatment levels, but without rebound symptoms: phase IV randomized trial. J Am Soc Hypertens 2012; 6 (3): 228–36.
9. Acelajado MC, Pisoni R, Dudenbostel T et al. Both morning and evening dosing of nebivolol reduces trough mean blood pressure surge in hypertensive patients. J Am Soc Hypertens 2012; 6 (1): 66–72.
10. Lindamood C, Ortiz S, Shaw A et al. Effects of commonly administered agents and genetics on nebivolol pharmacokinetics: drug-drug interaction studies. J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 51 (4): 575–85.
11. Lewin A, Punzi H, Luo X et al. Nebivolol monotherapy for patients with systolic stage II hypertension: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Ther 2013. http://pii: S0149-2918(12)00730-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.12.015
12. Weiss RJ, Saunders E, Greathouse M. Efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol in stage I–II hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from three randomized, placebo-controlled monotherapy trials. Clin Ther 2011; 33 (9): 1150–61.
13. Greathouse M. Nebivolol efficacy and safety in patients with stage I–II hypertension. Clin Cardiol 2010; 33 (4): e20–7.
14. Germino FW, Lin Y, Pejović V, Bowen L. Efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol: does age matter? A retrospective analysis of three randomized, placebo-controlled trials in stage I–II hypertension. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 6 (5): 185–99.
15. Cağlar N, Dincer I. Comparison between nebivolol and ramipril in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: a randomized open blinded end-point (PROBE) trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2011; 15 (12): 1359–68.
16. Vinereanu D, Gherghinescu C, Ciobanu AO et al. Reversal of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction by antihypertensive treatment: a prospective trial of nebivolol against metoprolol. J Hypertens 2011; 29 (4): 809–17.
17. Soanker R, Naidu MU, Raju SB et al. Effect of b1-blocker, nebivolol, on central aortic pressure and arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertension. Indian J Pharmacol 2012; 44 (3): 407–11.
18. Mahmud A, Feely J. B-blockers reduce aortic stiffness in hypertension but nebivolol, not atenolol, reduces wave reflection. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21 (6): 663–7.
19. Kampus P, Serg M, Kals J et al. Differential effects of nebivolol and metoprolol on central aortic pressure and left ventricular wall thickness. Hypertension 2011; 57 (6): 1122–8.
20. Bortel LM. Efficacy, tolerability and safety of nebivolol in patients with hypertension and diabetes: a post-marketing surveillance study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2010; 14 (9): 749–58.
21. Badar VA, Hiware SK, Shrivastava MP et al. Comparison of nebivolol and atenolol on blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profile in patients of essential hypertension. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43 (4): 437–40.
22. Merchant N, Rahman ST, Ferdinand KC et al. Effects of nebivolol in obese African Americans with hypertension (NOAAH): markers of inflammation and obesity in response to exercise-induced stress. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 25 (3): 196–202.
23. Schmidt AC, Graf C, Brixius K, Scholze J. Blood pressure-lowering effect of nebivolol in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the YESTONO study. Clin Drug Investig 2007; 27 (12): 841–9.
24. Martiniuc C, Branishte T. The use of b-blocker Nebivolol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in association with arterial hypertension. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2012; 116 (1): 218–21.
25. Espinola-Klein C, Weisser G, Jagodzinski A et al. b-Blockers in patients with intermittent claudication and arterial hypertension: results from the nebivolol or metoprolol in arterial occlusive disease trial. Hypertension 2011; 58 (2): 148–54.
26. Diehm C, Pittrow D, Lawall H. Effect of nebivolol vs hydrochlorothiazide on the walking capacity in hypertensive patients with intermittent claudication. J Hypertens 2011; 29 (7): 1448–56.
Авторы
Л.О.Минушкина
ФГБУ Учебно-научный медицинский центр Управления делами Президента РФ minushkina@mail.ru