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Выбор антигипертензивной терапии для коррекции когнитивных нарушений и профилактики деменции: возможности валсартана и его фиксированной комбинации с гидрохлоротиазидом
Выбор антигипертензивной терапии для коррекции когнитивных нарушений и профилактики деменции: возможности валсартана и его фиксированной комбинации с гидрохлоротиазидом
Остроумова О.Д., Гарелик И.А., Каравашкина Е.А. Выбор антигипертензивной терапии для коррекции когнитивных нарушений и профилактики деменции: возможности валсартана и его фиксированной комбинации с гидрохлортиазидом. Системные гипертензии. 2016; 13 (4): 47–55.
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Аннотация
В статье приведены определение, классификация и патогенетические механизмы нарушения когнитивных функций при артериальной гипертонии. Обсуждаются возможности антигипертензивных препаратов разных классов в коррекции когнитивных нарушений и профилактике деменции. Рассмотрены преимущества блокаторов рецепторов к ангиотензину II в профилактике деменции и их потенциальные механизмы церебропротекции. Подробно описаны возможности валсартана в коррекции когнитивных нарушений при артериальной гипертонии, его преимущества перед другими блокаторами ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы и его уникальные нейропротективные механизмы. Приведены результаты собственного исследования фиксированной комбинации валсартан/гидрохлоротиазид, в котором выявлены ее высокая антигипертензивая и церебропротективная (способность улучшать когнитивные функции) эффективность.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, когнитивные функции, деменция, антигипертензивная терапия, антагонисты рецепторов к ангиотензину II, валсартан, гидрохлоротиазид, фиксированные комбинации антигипертензивных препаратов.
Key words: arterial hypertension, cognitive functions, dementia, antihypertensive therapy, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, valsartan, hydrochlorothiazide, fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive drugs.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертония, когнитивные функции, деменция, антигипертензивная терапия, антагонисты рецепторов к ангиотензину II, валсартан, гидрохлоротиазид, фиксированные комбинации антигипертензивных препаратов.
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Key words: arterial hypertension, cognitive functions, dementia, antihypertensive therapy, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, valsartan, hydrochlorothiazide, fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive drugs.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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17. Elias PK, D’Agostino RB, Elias MF, Wolf PA. Blood pressure, hypertension, and age as risk factors for poor cognitive performance. Exp Aging Res 1995; 21: 393–417.
18. Singh-Manoux A, Marmot M. High blood pressure was associated with cognitive function in middle-age in the Whitehall II study. J Clin Epidemiol 2005; 58: 1308–15.
19. Parfenov V.A., Starchina Iu.A. Kognitivnye narusheniia u patsientov s arterial'noi gipertenziei i ikh lechenie. Nevrologiia, neiropsikhiatriia, psikhosomatika. 2011; 1: 27–33. [in Russian]
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21. Sharp SI, Aarsland D, Day S et al. Hypertension is a potential risk factor for vascular dementia: systematic review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26: 661–9.
22. Gifford KA, Badaracco M, Liu D et al. Blood pressure and cognition among older adults: a meta-analysis. [References]. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013; 28: 649–64.
23. Forette F, Seux M-L, Staessen JA et al. for the Syst-Eur Investigators. The Prevention of Dementia with Antihypertensive Treatment. New evidence from the Systolic Hypertension (Syst-Eur) Study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162 (18): 2046–52.
24. Lithell H, Hansson L, Skoog I et al. SCOPE Study Group. The study on cognition and prognosis in the elderly (SCOPE). Principal results of a randomised double-blind intervention trial. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 875–86.
25. PROGRESS collaborative study group. Randomised trial of perindopril based blood pressure-lowering regimen among 6108 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2001; 358: 1033–41.
26. Marpillat NL, Macquin-Mavier I, Tropeano A-I et al. Antihypertensive classes, cognitive decline andincidence of dementia: a networkmeta-analysis. J Hypertens 2013, 31 (6): 1073–82.
27. Chiu W-C, Ho W-C, Lin M-H et al. Health Data Analysis in Taiwan (hDATa) Research Group. Angiotension receptor blockers reduce the risk of dementia. J Hypertens 2014, 32: 938–47.
28. Li NC, Lee A, Whitmer RA et al. Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: prospective cohort analysis. BMJ 2010; 340: b5465.
29. Davies NM, Kehoe PG, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM. Associations of antihypertensive treatments with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and other dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 26: 699–708.
30. Hajjar I, Brown L, Mack WJ, Chui H. Impact of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Alzheimer Disease Neuropathology in a Large Brain Autopsy Series. Arch Neurol 2012; 69 (12): 1632–8.
31. Hanon O, Pequignot R. Relationship between antihypertensive drug therapy and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients with memory complaints. J Hypertens 2006; 24 (10): 2101–7.
32. Karpov Iu.A. Valsartan: tsentral'noe mesto v lechenii kardiologicheskogo bol'nogo. Novosti kardiologii. 2014; 2: 52–6. [in Russian]
33. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. VALUE trial group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363 (9426): 2022–31.
34. McMurray J, Solomon S, Pieper K et al. The effect of valsartan, captopril, or both on atherosclerotic events after acute myocardial infarction: an analysis of the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47 (4): 726–33.
35. Peters S, Götting B, Trümmel M et al. Valsartan for prevention of restenosis after stenting of type B2/C lesions: the VAL-PREST trial. J Invasive Cardiol 2001; 13 (2): 93–7.
36. Peters S, Trümmel M, Meyners W et al. Valsartan versus ACE inhibition after bare metal stent implantation – results of the VALVACE trial. Int J Cardiol 2005; 98 (2): 331–5.
37. Maggioni AP, Latini R, Carson PE et al. Val-HeFT Investigators. Valsartan reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Am Heart J 2005; 149 (3): 548–57.
38. Hara Y, Motohashi CP, Kobayashi S. Effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on blood pressure and cognitive function in cerebrovascular patients with hypertension. Jpn J Stroke 2010; 32: 334–9.
39. Katada E, Uematsu N, Takuma Y, Matsukawa N. Comparison of effects of valsartan and amlodipine on cognitive functions and auditory p300 event-related potentials in elderly hypertensive patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 2014; 37 (5): 129–32. DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000042.
40. Fogari R, Mugellini A, Zoppi A et al. Effects of Valsartan compared with enalapril on blood pressure and cognitive function in elderly patients with essential hypertension. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 59 (12): 863–8.
41. Chazova I.E., Ratova L.G., Boitsov S.A., Nebieridze D.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii (Rekomendatsii Rossiiskogo meditsinskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertonii i Vserossiiskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov). Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
42. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281–357.
43. O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al. On behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. Guidelines European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1731–68.
44. Wechsler D. Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Psychological Corporation, 1955.
45. Druzhinin V.N. Psikhologiia obshchikh sposobnostei. SPb.: Piter, 2007; s. 368. [in Russian]
46. Luriia A.R. Osnovy neiropsikhologii. Ucheb. posob. dlia stud. vyssh. ucheb. zavedenii. M.: Akademiia, 2003; s. 384. [in Russian]
47. Bames JM, Barns NM, Costall B et al. Angiotensin II ingibits the resease of (3H)acetylcholine from rat entorhinal cortex in vivo. Brain Res 1989; 492: 136–43.
48. Okuyama S, Sakagawa T, Inagami T. Role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in the mouse central nervous system. Jpn J Pharmacol 1999; 81: 259–63.
49. Wright JW, Stubley LA, Pederson ES et al. Contributions of the brain angiotensin `IV-AT4 receptor subtype system to spatial learning. J Neurosci 1999; 19: 3952–61.
50. Villapol S, Saavedra JM. Neuroprotective effects of angiotensin receptor blockers. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28 (3): 289–99.
51. Saavedra JM. Brain and pituitary angiotensin. Endocr Rev 1992; 13: 329–80.
52. Zhou J, Pavel J, Macova M et al. AT1 receptor blockade regulates the local angiotensin II system in cerebral microvessels from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke 2006; 37: 1271–6.
53. Shigematsu K, Saavedra JM, Plunkett LM et al. Angiotensin II binding sites in the anteroventral-third ventricle (AV3V) area and related structures of the rat brain. Neurosci Lett 1986; 67: 37–41.
54. Duvernoy HM, Risold P-Y. The circumventricular organs: An atlas of comparative anatomy and vascularization. Brain Res Rev 2007; 56: 119–47. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.06.002.
55. Min LJ, Mogi M, Shudou M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g activation with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade is pivotal for the prevention of blood-brain barrier impairment and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetic mice. Hypertension 2012; 59: 1079–88.
56. Pelisch N, Hosomi N, Ueno M et al. Blockade of AT1 receptors protects the blood-brain barrier and improves cognition in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24: 362–8.
57. Benicky J, Sánchez-Lemus E, Honda M et al. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade ameliorates brain inflammation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36 (8): 57–70.
58. Benicky J, Sánchez-Lemus E, Pavel J, Saavedra JM. Anti-inflammatory effects of angiotensin receptor blockers in the brain and the periphery. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2009; 29: 781–92.
59. Nishimura Y, Ito T, Hoe K, Saavedra JM. Chronic peripheral administration of the angiotensin II AT(1) receptor antagonist candesartan blocks brain AT(1) receptors. Brain Res 2000; 871: 29–38.
60. Seltzer A, Bregonzio C, Armando I et al. Oral administration of an AT1 receptor antagonist prevents the central effects of angiotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res 2004; 1028: 9–18.
61. Saavedra JM. Angiotensin II AT(1)-receptor blockers ameliorate inflammatory stress: a beneficial effect for the treatment of brain disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2012; 32: 667–81.
62. Bader M. Tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems: Targets for pharmacological therapy. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 50: 439–65.
63. Nap A, Balt JC, Mathy MJ, Van Zwieten PA. AT(1)-receptor blockade and sympathetic neurotransmission in cardiovascular disease. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol 2003; 23: 285–96.
64. Tsutsumi K, Saavedra JM. Characterization and development of angiotensin II receptor subtypes (AT1 and AT2) in rat brain. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: 209–16.
65. Quan N, Banks WA. Brain-immune communication pathways. Brain Behav Immun 2007; 21: 727–35.
66. Jaggi AS, Singh N. Exploring the potential of telmisartan in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 667: 215–21.
67. Wang J, Ho L, Chen L et al. Valsartan lowers brain b-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Clin Invest 2007; 117 (11): 3393–402.
2. Larrieu S, Letenneur L, Orgogozo JM. Incidence and outcome of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based prospective cohort. Neurology 2002; 59: 1594–9.
3. Левин О.С. Диагностика и лечение деменции в клинической практике. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2010. / Levin O.S. Diagnostika i lechenie dementsii v klinicheskoi praktike. M.: MEDpress-inform, 2010. [in Russian]
4. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертензии. Системные гипертензии. 2010; 3: 5–26. / Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii. Sistemic Hypertension. 2010; 3: 5–26. [in Russian]
5. Henderson AS. Dementia. World Health Organization, Geneva 1994; p. 70.
6. Amaducci L, Andrea L. The epidemiology of the dementia in Europe. In: A.Culebras, J.Matias Cuiu, G.Roman: New concepts in vascular dementia. Barselona: Prous Science Publishers, 1993; p. 1927.
7. Левин О.С., Дамулин И.В. Диффузные изменения белого вещества (лейкоареоз) и проблема сосудистой деменции. В кн.: Достижения в нейрогериатрии. Ч. 2. Под ред. Н.Н.Яхно, И.В.Дамулина. М., 1995; с.189–231. / Levin O.S., Damulin I.V. Diffuznye izmeneniia belogo veshchestva (leikoareoz) i problema sosudistoi dementsii. V kn.: Dostizheniia v neirogeriatrii. Ch. 2. Pod red. N.N.Iakhno, I.V.Damulina. M., 1995; s.189–231. [in Russian]
8. Awad IA, Masaryk T, Magdinec M. Pathogenesis of subcortical hypertense lesions on MRI of the brain. Stroke 1993; 24: 1339–46.
9. Inzitari D, Marinoni M, Ginanneschi A. Pathophysiology of leucoaraiosis. In: New concepts in vascular dementia. A.Culebras, J.Matias Guiu, G.Roman (eds). Barcelona: Prous Science Publishers, 1993; p. 103–13.
10. Дамулин И.В. Сосудистая деменция. Неврол. журн. 1999; 3 (4): 411. / Damulin I.V. Sosudistaia dementsiia. Nevrol. zhurn. 1999; 3 (4): 411. [in Russian]
11. Лурия А.Р. Высшие корковые функции человека. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1969. / Luriia A.R. Vysshie korkovye funktsii cheloveka. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1969. [in Russian]
12. Лурия А.Р. Основы нейропсихологии. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1973. / Luriia A.R. Osnovy neiropsikhologii. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1973. [in Russian]
13. Лурия.А.Р. Лобные доли и регуляция психических процессов. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1966. / Luriia.A.R. Lobnye doli i reguliatsiia psikhicheskikh protsessov. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1966. [in Russian]
14. Skoog I, Lernfelt B, Landahl S et al. 15-years longitudinal study of blood pressure and dementia. Lancet 1996; 347: 1141–5.
15. Launer LJ, Masaki K, Petrovitch H et al. The assotiation between midlife blood pressure levels and late–life cognitive function. The Honolulu–Asia Aging Study. JAMA 1995; 274: 1846–51.
16. Cacciatore F, Abete P, Ferrara N et al. The role of blood pressure in cognitive impairment in an elderly population. J Hypertens 2002; 15: 135–42.
17. Elias PK, D’Agostino RB, Elias MF, Wolf PA. Blood pressure, hypertension, and age as risk factors for poor cognitive performance. Exp Aging Res 1995; 21: 393–417.
18. Singh-Manoux A, Marmot M. High blood pressure was associated with cognitive function in middle-age in the Whitehall II study. J Clin Epidemiol 2005; 58: 1308–15.
19. Парфенов В.А., Старчина Ю.А. Когнитивные нарушения у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией и их лечение. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2011; 1: 27–33. / Parfenov V.A., Starchina Iu.A. Kognitivnye narusheniia u patsientov s arterial'noi gipertenziei i ikh lechenie. Nevrologiia, neiropsikhiatriia, psikhosomatika. 2011; 1: 27–33. [in Russian]
20. Старчина Ю.А., Парфенов В.А., Чазова И.Е. и др. Когнитивные расстройства у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией. Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С.Корсакова 2008; 4: 39–43. / Starchina Iu.A., Parfenov V.A., Chazova I.E. i dr. Kognitivnye rasstroistva u patsientov s arterial'noi gipertenziei. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova 2008; 4: 39–43. [in Russian]
21. Sharp SI, Aarsland D, Day S et al. Hypertension is a potential risk factor for vascular dementia: systematic review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26: 661–9.
22. Gifford KA, Badaracco M, Liu D et al. Blood pressure and cognition among older adults: a meta-analysis. [References]. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013; 28: 649–64.
23. Forette F, Seux M-L, Staessen JA et al. for the Syst-Eur Investigators. The Prevention of Dementia with Antihypertensive Treatment. New evidence from the Systolic Hypertension (Syst-Eur) Study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162 (18): 2046–52.
24. Lithell H, Hansson L, Skoog I et al. SCOPE Study Group. The study on cognition and prognosis in the elderly (SCOPE). Principal results of a randomised double-blind intervention trial. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 875–86.
25. PROGRESS collaborative study group. Randomised trial of perindopril based blood pressure-lowering regimen among 6108 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2001; 358: 1033–41.
26. Marpillat NL, Macquin-Mavier I, Tropeano A-I et al. Antihypertensive classes, cognitive decline andincidence of dementia: a networkmeta-analysis. J Hypertens 2013, 31 (6): 1073–82.
27. Chiu W-C, Ho W-C, Lin M-H et al. Health Data Analysis in Taiwan (hDATa) Research Group. Angiotension receptor blockers reduce the risk of dementia. J Hypertens 2014, 32: 938–47.
28. Li NC, Lee A, Whitmer RA et al. Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: prospective cohort analysis. BMJ 2010; 340: b5465.
29. Davies NM, Kehoe PG, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM. Associations of antihypertensive treatments with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and other dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 26: 699–708.
30. Hajjar I, Brown L, Mack WJ, Chui H. Impact of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Alzheimer Disease Neuropathology in a Large Brain Autopsy Series. Arch Neurol 2012; 69 (12): 1632–8.
31. Hanon O, Pequignot R. Relationship between antihypertensive drug therapy and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients with memory complaints. J Hypertens 2006; 24 (10): 2101–7.
32. Карпов Ю.А. Валсартан: центральное место в лечении кардиологического больного. Новости кардиологии. 2014; 2: 52–6. / Karpov Iu.A. Valsartan: tsentral'noe mesto v lechenii kardiologicheskogo bol'nogo. Novosti kardiologii. 2014; 2: 52–6. [in Russian]
33. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. VALUE trial group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363 (9426): 2022–31.
34. McMurray J, Solomon S, Pieper K et al. The effect of valsartan, captopril, or both on atherosclerotic events after acute myocardial infarction: an analysis of the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47 (4): 726–33.
35. Peters S, Götting B, Trümmel M et al. Valsartan for prevention of restenosis after stenting of type B2/C lesions: the VAL-PREST trial. J Invasive Cardiol 2001; 13 (2): 93–7.
36. Peters S, Trümmel M, Meyners W et al. Valsartan versus ACE inhibition after bare metal stent implantation – results of the VALVACE trial. Int J Cardiol 2005; 98 (2): 331–5.
37. Maggioni AP, Latini R, Carson PE et al. Val-HeFT Investigators. Valsartan reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Am Heart J 2005; 149 (3): 548–57.
38. Hara Y, Motohashi CP, Kobayashi S. Effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on blood pressure and cognitive function in cerebrovascular patients with hypertension. Jpn J Stroke 2010; 32: 334–9.
39. Katada E, Uematsu N, Takuma Y, Matsukawa N. Comparison of effects of valsartan and amlodipine on cognitive functions and auditory p300 event-related potentials in elderly hypertensive patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 2014; 37 (5): 129–32. DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000042.
40. Fogari R, Mugellini A, Zoppi A et al. Effects of Valsartan compared with enalapril on blood pressure and cognitive function in elderly patients with essential hypertension. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 59 (12): 863–8.
41. Чазова И.Е., Ратова Л.Г., Бойцов С.А., Небиеридзе Д.В. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертензии (Рекомендации Российского медицинского общества по артериальной гипертонии и Всероссийского научного общества кардиологов). Системные гипертензии. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. / Chazova I.E., Ratova L.G., Boitsov S.A., Nebieridze D.V. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii (Rekomendatsii Rossiiskogo meditsinskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertonii i Vserossiiskogo nauchnogo obshchestva kardiologov). Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
42. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281–357.
43. O’Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G et al. On behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring. Guidelines European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring. J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1731–68.
44. Wechsler D. Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: Psychological Corporation, 1955.
45. Дружинин В.Н. Психология общих способностей. СПб.: Питер, 2007; с. 368. / Druzhinin V.N. Psikhologiia obshchikh sposobnostei. SPb.: Piter, 2007; s. 368. [in Russian]
46. Лурия А.Р. Основы нейропсихологии. Учеб. пособ. для студ. высш. учеб. заведений. М.: Академия, 2003; с. 384. / Luriia A.R. Osnovy neiropsikhologii. Ucheb. posob. dlia stud. vyssh. ucheb. zavedenii. M.: Akademiia, 2003; s. 384. [in Russian]
47. Bames JM, Barns NM, Costall B et al. Angiotensin II ingibits the resease of (3H)acetylcholine from rat entorhinal cortex in vivo. Brain Res 1989; 492: 136–43.
48. Okuyama S, Sakagawa T, Inagami T. Role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in the mouse central nervous system. Jpn J Pharmacol 1999; 81: 259–63.
49. Wright JW, Stubley LA, Pederson ES et al. Contributions of the brain angiotensin `IV-AT4 receptor subtype system to spatial learning. J Neurosci 1999; 19: 3952–61.
50. Villapol S, Saavedra JM. Neuroprotective effects of angiotensin receptor blockers. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28 (3): 289–99.
51. Saavedra JM. Brain and pituitary angiotensin. Endocr Rev 1992; 13: 329–80.
52. Zhou J, Pavel J, Macova M et al. AT1 receptor blockade regulates the local angiotensin II system in cerebral microvessels from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke 2006; 37: 1271–6.
53. Shigematsu K, Saavedra JM, Plunkett LM et al. Angiotensin II binding sites in the anteroventral-third ventricle (AV3V) area and related structures of the rat brain. Neurosci Lett 1986; 67: 37–41.
54. Duvernoy HM, Risold P-Y. The circumventricular organs: An atlas of comparative anatomy and vascularization. Brain Res Rev 2007; 56: 119–47. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.06.002.
55. Min LJ, Mogi M, Shudou M et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g activation with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade is pivotal for the prevention of blood-brain barrier impairment and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetic mice. Hypertension 2012; 59: 1079–88.
56. Pelisch N, Hosomi N, Ueno M et al. Blockade of AT1 receptors protects the blood-brain barrier and improves cognition in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24: 362–8.
57. Benicky J, Sánchez-Lemus E, Honda M et al. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade ameliorates brain inflammation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36 (8): 57–70.
58. Benicky J, Sánchez-Lemus E, Pavel J, Saavedra JM. Anti-inflammatory effects of angiotensin receptor blockers in the brain and the periphery. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2009; 29: 781–92.
59. Nishimura Y, Ito T, Hoe K, Saavedra JM. Chronic peripheral administration of the angiotensin II AT(1) receptor antagonist candesartan blocks brain AT(1) receptors. Brain Res 2000; 871: 29–38.
60. Seltzer A, Bregonzio C, Armando I et al. Oral administration of an AT1 receptor antagonist prevents the central effects of angiotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res 2004; 1028: 9–18.
61. Saavedra JM. Angiotensin II AT(1)-receptor blockers ameliorate inflammatory stress: a beneficial effect for the treatment of brain disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2012; 32: 667–81.
62. Bader M. Tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems: Targets for pharmacological therapy. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2010; 50: 439–65.
63. Nap A, Balt JC, Mathy MJ, Van Zwieten PA. AT(1)-receptor blockade and sympathetic neurotransmission in cardiovascular disease. Auton Autacoid Pharmacol 2003; 23: 285–96.
64. Tsutsumi K, Saavedra JM. Characterization and development of angiotensin II receptor subtypes (AT1 and AT2) in rat brain. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: 209–16.
65. Quan N, Banks WA. Brain-immune communication pathways. Brain Behav Immun 2007; 21: 727–35.
66. Jaggi AS, Singh N. Exploring the potential of telmisartan in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 667: 215–21.
67. Wang J, Ho L, Chen L et al. Valsartan lowers brain b-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Clin Invest 2007; 117 (11): 3393–402.
________________________________________________
2. Larrieu S, Letenneur L, Orgogozo JM. Incidence and outcome of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based prospective cohort. Neurology 2002; 59: 1594–9.
3. Levin O.S. Diagnostika i lechenie dementsii v klinicheskoi praktike. M.: MEDpress-inform, 2010. [in Russian]
4. Diagnostika i lechenie arterial'noi gipertenzii. Sistemic Hypertension. 2010; 3: 5–26. [in Russian]
5. Henderson AS. Dementia. World Health Organization, Geneva 1994; p. 70.
6. Amaducci L, Andrea L. The epidemiology of the dementia in Europe. In: A.Culebras, J.Matias Cuiu, G.Roman: New concepts in vascular dementia. Barselona: Prous Science Publishers, 1993; p. 1927.
7. Levin O.S., Damulin I.V. Diffuznye izmeneniia belogo veshchestva (leikoareoz) i problema sosudistoi dementsii. V kn.: Dostizheniia v neirogeriatrii. Ch. 2. Pod red. N.N.Iakhno, I.V.Damulina. M., 1995; s.189–231. [in Russian]
8. Awad IA, Masaryk T, Magdinec M. Pathogenesis of subcortical hypertense lesions on MRI of the brain. Stroke 1993; 24: 1339–46.
9. Inzitari D, Marinoni M, Ginanneschi A. Pathophysiology of leucoaraiosis. In: New concepts in vascular dementia. A.Culebras, J.Matias Guiu, G.Roman (eds). Barcelona: Prous Science Publishers, 1993; p. 103–13.
10. Damulin I.V. Sosudistaia dementsiia. Nevrol. zhurn. 1999; 3 (4): 411. [in Russian]
11. Luriia A.R. Vysshie korkovye funktsii cheloveka. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1969. [in Russian]
12. Luriia A.R. Osnovy neiropsikhologii. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1973. [in Russian]
13. Luriia.A.R. Lobnye doli i reguliatsiia psikhicheskikh protsessov. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1966. [in Russian]
14. Skoog I, Lernfelt B, Landahl S et al. 15-years longitudinal study of blood pressure and dementia. Lancet 1996; 347: 1141–5.
15. Launer LJ, Masaki K, Petrovitch H et al. The assotiation between midlife blood pressure levels and late–life cognitive function. The Honolulu–Asia Aging Study. JAMA 1995; 274: 1846–51.
16. Cacciatore F, Abete P, Ferrara N et al. The role of blood pressure in cognitive impairment in an elderly population. J Hypertens 2002; 15: 135–42.
17. Elias PK, D’Agostino RB, Elias MF, Wolf PA. Blood pressure, hypertension, and age as risk factors for poor cognitive performance. Exp Aging Res 1995; 21: 393–417.
18. Singh-Manoux A, Marmot M. High blood pressure was associated with cognitive function in middle-age in the Whitehall II study. J Clin Epidemiol 2005; 58: 1308–15.
19. Parfenov V.A., Starchina Iu.A. Kognitivnye narusheniia u patsientov s arterial'noi gipertenziei i ikh lechenie. Nevrologiia, neiropsikhiatriia, psikhosomatika. 2011; 1: 27–33. [in Russian]
20. Starchina Iu.A., Parfenov V.A., Chazova I.E. i dr. Kognitivnye rasstroistva u patsientov s arterial'noi gipertenziei. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova 2008; 4: 39–43. [in Russian]
21. Sharp SI, Aarsland D, Day S et al. Hypertension is a potential risk factor for vascular dementia: systematic review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26: 661–9.
22. Gifford KA, Badaracco M, Liu D et al. Blood pressure and cognition among older adults: a meta-analysis. [References]. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013; 28: 649–64.
23. Forette F, Seux M-L, Staessen JA et al. for the Syst-Eur Investigators. The Prevention of Dementia with Antihypertensive Treatment. New evidence from the Systolic Hypertension (Syst-Eur) Study. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162 (18): 2046–52.
24. Lithell H, Hansson L, Skoog I et al. SCOPE Study Group. The study on cognition and prognosis in the elderly (SCOPE). Principal results of a randomised double-blind intervention trial. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 875–86.
25. PROGRESS collaborative study group. Randomised trial of perindopril based blood pressure-lowering regimen among 6108 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 2001; 358: 1033–41.
26. Marpillat NL, Macquin-Mavier I, Tropeano A-I et al. Antihypertensive classes, cognitive decline andincidence of dementia: a networkmeta-analysis. J Hypertens 2013, 31 (6): 1073–82.
27. Chiu W-C, Ho W-C, Lin M-H et al. Health Data Analysis in Taiwan (hDATa) Research Group. Angiotension receptor blockers reduce the risk of dementia. J Hypertens 2014, 32: 938–47.
28. Li NC, Lee A, Whitmer RA et al. Use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of dementia in a predominantly male population: prospective cohort analysis. BMJ 2010; 340: b5465.
29. Davies NM, Kehoe PG, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM. Associations of antihypertensive treatments with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and other dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 26: 699–708.
30. Hajjar I, Brown L, Mack WJ, Chui H. Impact of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Alzheimer Disease Neuropathology in a Large Brain Autopsy Series. Arch Neurol 2012; 69 (12): 1632–8.
31. Hanon O, Pequignot R. Relationship between antihypertensive drug therapy and cognitive function in elderly hypertensive patients with memory complaints. J Hypertens 2006; 24 (10): 2101–7.
32. Karpov Iu.A. Valsartan: tsentral'noe mesto v lechenii kardiologicheskogo bol'nogo. Novosti kardiologii. 2014; 2: 52–6. [in Russian]
33. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M et al. VALUE trial group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363 (9426): 2022–31.
34. McMurray J, Solomon S, Pieper K et al. The effect of valsartan, captopril, or both on atherosclerotic events after acute myocardial infarction: an analysis of the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47 (4): 726–33.
35. Peters S, Götting B, Trümmel M et al. Valsartan for prevention of restenosis after stenting of type B2/C lesions: the VAL-PREST trial. J Invasive Cardiol 2001; 13 (2): 93–7.
36. Peters S, Trümmel M, Meyners W et al. Valsartan versus ACE inhibition after bare metal stent implantation – results of the VALVACE trial. Int J Cardiol 2005; 98 (2): 331–5.
37. Maggioni AP, Latini R, Carson PE et al. Val-HeFT Investigators. Valsartan reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: results from the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Am Heart J 2005; 149 (3): 548–57.
38. Hara Y, Motohashi CP, Kobayashi S. Effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on blood pressure and cognitive function in cerebrovascular patients with hypertension. Jpn J Stroke 2010; 32: 334–9.
39. Katada E, Uematsu N, Takuma Y, Matsukawa N. Comparison of effects of valsartan and amlodipine on cognitive functions and auditory p300 event-related potentials in elderly hypertensive patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 2014; 37 (5): 129–32. DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000042.
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Авторы
О.Д.Остроумова*1,2, И.А.Гарелик1, Е.А.Каравашкина1
1 ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;
2 ФГБОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
1 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1;
2 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
1 ФГБОУ ВО Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России. 127473, Россия, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1;
2 ФГБОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава России. 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
________________________________________________
1 A.I.Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 127473, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Delegatskaia, d. 20, str. 1;
2 I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Trubetskaia, d. 8, str. 2
*ostroumova.olga@mail.ru
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