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Особенности применения торасемида при артериальной гипертензии
Особенности применения торасемида при артериальной гипертензии
Барышникова Г.А., Чорбинская С.А. Особенности применения торасемида при артериальной гипертонии. Системные гипертензии. 2017; 14 (4): 27–31. DOI: 10.26442/2075-082X_14.4.27-31
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Аннотация
Рассматриваются вопросы выбора диуретика при артериальной гипертензии. Представлены данные об антигипертензивной эффективности петлевого диуретика торасемида. Приведены данные о механизмах антигипертензивного действия торасемида, включая уникальное антиальдостероновое действие. Сообщается об отсутствии негативного влияния препарата на углеводный, липидный, пуриновый виды обмена и электролитный баланс, положительном влиянии на состояние органов-мишеней, очень хорошей переносимости. Целесообразно более широко применять торасемид в «недиуретической» дозе (2,5–5 мг/сут) для лечения артериальной гипертонии как в виде монотерапии, так и в комбинации с другими антигипертензивными препаратами.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, лечение артериальной гипертензии, антигипертензивная терапия, диуретики, тиазидные диуретики, петлевые диуретики, торасемид, антиальдостероновое действие, антифибротическое действие, метаболическая нейтральность.
Key words: arterial hypertension, treatment of arterial hypertension, antihypertensive therapy, diuretics, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, torasemide, antialdosterone effect, antifibrotic effect, metabolic neutrality.
Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, лечение артериальной гипертензии, антигипертензивная терапия, диуретики, тиазидные диуретики, петлевые диуретики, торасемид, антиальдостероновое действие, антифибротическое действие, метаболическая нейтральность.
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Key words: arterial hypertension, treatment of arterial hypertension, antihypertensive therapy, diuretics, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, torasemide, antialdosterone effect, antifibrotic effect, metabolic neutrality.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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18. Reyes A. Effects of diuretics on outputs and flows or urine and urinary solutes in healthy subjects. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 35–59.
19. Achhammer I, Metz P. Low dose loop diuretics in essential hypertension. Experience with torasemide. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 80–91.
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21. Baumgart P. Torasemide in comparison with thiazides in the treatment of hypertension. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1993; 7 (Suppl. 1): 63–8.
22. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
23. Spannbrucker N, Achhammer I, Metz P, Glocke M. Comparative study on the hypertensive efficacy of torasemide and indapamide in patients with essential hypertension. Drug Res 1988; 38 (1): 190–3.
24. Reyes AJ, Chiesa PD, Santucci MR et al. Hydrochlorothiazide versus a nondiuretic dose of torasemide as once daily antihypertensive monopharmacotherapy in elderly patients; randomized and double-blind study. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 183–209.
25. Achhammer I, Eberhard R. Comparison of serum potassium levels during long-term treatment of hypertension patients with 2.5 mg torasemide o.d. or 50 mg triamterene/25 mg hydrochlorothiazide o.d. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 211–20.
26. Mosso L, Carvajal C, Gonzalez A et al. Primary aldosteronism and hypertensive disease. Hypertension 2003; 42: 161–5.
27. Schunkert H, Hense HW, Muscholl M et al. Associations between circulating components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and left ventricular mass. Heart 1997; 77: 24–31.
28. Tanabe A, Naruse M, Naruse K et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy is more prominent in patients with primary aldosteronism than in patients with other types of secondary hypertension. Hypertens Res 1997; 20 (2): 85–90.
29. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end–organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
30. Young MJ, Lam EY, Rickard AJ. Mineralocorticoid receprtor activator and cardiac fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007; 112 (9): 467–75.
31. Goodfriend TL, Ball DL, Oelkers W, Bähr V. Torsemide inhibits aldosterone secretion in vitro. Life Sci 1998; 63 (3): 45–50.
32. Franse LV, Pahor M, Di Bari M et al. Hypokalemia associated with diuretic use and cardiovascular events in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. Hypertension 2000; 35: 1025–30.
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37. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end-organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
38. Born-Frontsberg E, Reincke M, Rump LC et al. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidities of hypokalemic and normokalemic primary aldosteronism: results of the German Conn's Registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94 (4): 1125–30.
39. Gonzaga CC, Gaddam KK, Ahmed MI et al. Severity of obstructive sleep apnea is related to aldosterone status in subjects with resistant hypertension. J Clin Sleep Med 2010; 6 (4): 363–68.
40. Yagi S, Akaike M, Aihara K et al. High plasma aldosterone concentration is a novel risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension. Hypertens Res 2011; 34 (1): 74–8.
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42. Reyes A et al. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Gustav-Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1992; 9: 219–62.
43. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
44. Spieker C, Zidek W, Häcker W et al. Assessment of intracellular sodium and calcium in essential hypertension during diuretic treatment. Arzneimittelforschung 1988; 38: 1188–90.
2. Chazova I.E., Zhernakova Iu.V., Oshchepkova E.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska razvitiia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei. Kardiologiia. 2014; 54 (10): 4–12. [in Russian]
3. Recommendations for the management of arterial hypertension Russian Medical Society of Arterial Hypertension and Society of Cardiology of the Russian Federation. Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
4. Rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu arterial'noi gipertonii ESH i ESC. Evraziiskii kardiologicheskii zhurn. 2014; 1: 7–76. [in Russian]
5. Handler J. Maximizing diuretic therapy in resistant hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2007; 9 (10): 802–6.
6. SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 1991; 265: 3255–64.
7. Lindholm LH, Hansson L. Sweedish trial in old patients with hypertension 2 (STOP-Hypertension 2). Blood Press 1996; 5: 300–4.
8. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic (The antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial – ALLHAT). JAMA 2002; 288: 2981–97.
9. Psaty BM. Health outcomes associated with various antihypertensive therapies used as a first line agents. A Network meta-analysis. JAMA 2003; 289: 2534–44.
10. Wright JM, Musini VM. First-line drugs for hypertension. Cohrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 8 (3): CD001841.
11. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults.
12. Sarafidis P, Barkis GL. Antihypertensive therapy and the risk of new-onset diabetes. Diabetes care 2006; 29: 1167–9.
13. Fernandez JG, Rodriguez-Perez JC, Garrido J et al. Effect of two antihypertensive combinations on metabolic control in type-2 dibetic hypertensive patients with albuminuria: a randomised, double-blind study. J Hum Hypertens 2001; 15: 849–56.
14. Friedel H, Buckley M. Torasemide A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs 1991; 41 (1): 81–103.
15. Brunner G, von Bergmann K, Hacker W et al. Comparison of diuretic effects and pharmacokinetics of torasemid and furosemid after a single oral dose in patients with hydropically decompensated cirrhosis of the liver. Arzt-Forsch. Drug Res 1998; 38: 176–79.
16. Barr WH, Smith HL, Karnes HAT et al. Torasemide dose-proportionality of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Gustav-Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1990; 8 (1): 29–37.
17. Bolke T, Achhammer I. Torasemide: review of its pharmacology and therapeutic use. Drugs Tod 1994; 30 (8): 1–28.
18. Reyes A. Effects of diuretics on outputs and flows or urine and urinary solutes in healthy subjects. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 35–59.
19. Achhammer I, Metz P. Low dose loop diuretics in essential hypertension. Experience with torasemide. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 80–91.
20. Baumgart P, Walger P, von Eiff M, Achhammer I. Long-term efficacy and tolerance of torasemide in hypertension. In: Progress in pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 169–81.
21. Baumgart P. Torasemide in comparison with thiazides in the treatment of hypertension. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1993; 7 (Suppl. 1): 63–8.
22. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
23. Spannbrucker N, Achhammer I, Metz P, Glocke M. Comparative study on the hypertensive efficacy of torasemide and indapamide in patients with essential hypertension. Drug Res 1988; 38 (1): 190–3.
24. Reyes AJ, Chiesa PD, Santucci MR et al. Hydrochlorothiazide versus a nondiuretic dose of torasemide as once daily antihypertensive monopharmacotherapy in elderly patients; randomized and double-blind study. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 183–209.
25. Achhammer I, Eberhard R. Comparison of serum potassium levels during long-term treatment of hypertension patients with 2.5 mg torasemide o.d. or 50 mg triamterene/25 mg hydrochlorothiazide o.d. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 211–20.
26. Mosso L, Carvajal C, Gonzalez A et al. Primary aldosteronism and hypertensive disease. Hypertension 2003; 42: 161–5.
27. Schunkert H, Hense HW, Muscholl M et al. Associations between circulating components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and left ventricular mass. Heart 1997; 77: 24–31.
28. Tanabe A, Naruse M, Naruse K et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy is more prominent in patients with primary aldosteronism than in patients with other types of secondary hypertension. Hypertens Res 1997; 20 (2): 85–90.
29. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end–organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
30. Young MJ, Lam EY, Rickard AJ. Mineralocorticoid receprtor activator and cardiac fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007; 112 (9): 467–75.
31. Goodfriend TL, Ball DL, Oelkers W, Bähr V. Torsemide inhibits aldosterone secretion in vitro. Life Sci 1998; 63 (3): 45–50.
32. Franse LV, Pahor M, Di Bari M et al. Hypokalemia associated with diuretic use and cardiovascular events in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. Hypertension 2000; 35: 1025–30.
33. Averin E.E. Vliianie torasemida na gipertrofiiu miokarda levogo zheludochka. Serdechnaia nedostatochnost'. 2012; 13 (3): 158–61. [in Russian]
34. Massare J, Berry JM, Luo X et al. Diminished cardiac fibrosis in heart failure is associated with altered ventricular arrhythmia phenotype. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2010; 21 (9): 1031–7.
35. Shugushev Kh.Kh., Gaeva A.A. Vliianie furasemida i torasemida na variabel'nost' serdechnogo ritma i zheludochkovye aritmii u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi serdechnoi nedostatochnost'iu, oslozhnivshei techenie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa: sravnitel'noe nerandomizirovannoe issledovanie. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (4): 513–17. [in Russian]
36. Tkacheva O.N., Sharashkina N.V., Novikova I.M. i dr. Primenenie petlevogo diuretika torasemida v kombinirovannom lechenii gipertonicheskoi bolezni u zhenshchin v period postmenopauzy. Consilium Medicum. 2011; 13 (10): 54–9 [in Russian]
37. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end-organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
38. Born-Frontsberg E, Reincke M, Rump LC et al. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidities of hypokalemic and normokalemic primary aldosteronism: results of the German Conn's Registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94 (4): 1125–30.
39. Gonzaga CC, Gaddam KK, Ahmed MI et al. Severity of obstructive sleep apnea is related to aldosterone status in subjects with resistant hypertension. J Clin Sleep Med 2010; 6 (4): 363–68.
40. Yagi S, Akaike M, Aihara K et al. High plasma aldosterone concentration is a novel risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension. Hypertens Res 2011; 34 (1): 74–8.
41. Fomin V.V. Antial'dosteronovoe deistvie torasemida: sluchainost' ili neobkhodimost'? RMZh. 2012; 14: 693–7. [in Russian]
42. Reyes A et al. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Gustav-Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1992; 9: 219–62.
43. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
44. Spieker C, Zidek W, Häcker W et al. Assessment of intracellular sodium and calcium in essential hypertension during diuretic treatment. Arzneimittelforschung 1988; 38: 1188–90.
2. Чазова И.Е., Жернакова Ю.В., Ощепкова Е.В. и др. Распространенность факторов риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в российской популяции больных артериальной гипертонией. Кардиология. 2014; 54 (10): 4–12. / Chazova I.E., Zhernakova Iu.V., Oshchepkova E.V. i dr. Rasprostranennost' faktorov riska razvitiia serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii v rossiiskoi populiatsii bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei. Kardiologiia. 2014; 54 (10): 4–12. [in Russian]
3. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертензии. Российские рекомендации, IV пересмотр. Системные гипертензии. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. / Recommendations for the management of arterial hypertension Russian Medical Society of Arterial Hypertension and Society of Cardiology of the Russian Federation. Systemic Hypertension. 2010; 7 (3): 5–26. [in Russian]
4. Рекомендации по диагностике и лечению артериальной гипертонии ESH и ESC. Евразийский кардиологический журн. 2014; 1: 7–76. / Rekomendatsii po diagnostike i lecheniiu arterial'noi gipertonii ESH i ESC. Evraziiskii kardiologicheskii zhurn. 2014; 1: 7–76. [in Russian]
5. Handler J. Maximizing diuretic therapy in resistant hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2007; 9 (10): 802–6.
6. SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 1991; 265: 3255–64.
7. Lindholm LH, Hansson L. Sweedish trial in old patients with hypertension 2 (STOP-Hypertension 2). Blood Press 1996; 5: 300–4.
8. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic (The antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial – ALLHAT). JAMA 2002; 288: 2981–97.
9. Psaty BM. Health outcomes associated with various antihypertensive therapies used as a first line agents. A Network meta-analysis. JAMA 2003; 289: 2534–44.
10. Wright JM, Musini VM. First-line drugs for hypertension. Cohrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 8 (3): CD001841.
11. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults.
12. Sarafidis P, Barkis GL. Antihypertensive therapy and the risk of new-onset diabetes. Diabetes care 2006; 29: 1167–9.
13. Fernandez JG, Rodriguez-Perez JC, Garrido J et al. Effect of two antihypertensive combinations on metabolic control in type-2 dibetic hypertensive patients with albuminuria: a randomised, double-blind study. J Hum Hypertens 2001; 15: 849–56.
14. Friedel H, Buckley M. Torasemide A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. Drugs 1991; 41 (1): 81–103.
15. Brunner G, von Bergmann K, Hacker W et al. Comparison of diuretic effects and pharmacokinetics of torasemid and furosemid after a single oral dose in patients with hydropically decompensated cirrhosis of the liver. Arzt-Forsch. Drug Res 1998; 38: 176–79.
16. Barr WH, Smith HL, Karnes HAT et al. Torasemide dose-proportionality of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Gustav-Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1990; 8 (1): 29–37.
17. Bolke T, Achhammer I. Torasemide: review of its pharmacology and therapeutic use. Drugs Tod 1994; 30 (8): 1–28.
18. Reyes A. Effects of diuretics on outputs and flows or urine and urinary solutes in healthy subjects. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 35–59.
19. Achhammer I, Metz P. Low dose loop diuretics in essential hypertension. Experience with torasemide. Drugs 1991; 41 (Suppl. 3): 80–91.
20. Baumgart P, Walger P, von Eiff M, Achhammer I. Long-term efficacy and tolerance of torasemide in hypertension. In: Progress in pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 169–81.
21. Baumgart P. Torasemide in comparison with thiazides in the treatment of hypertension. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1993; 7 (Suppl. 1): 63–8.
22. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
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25. Achhammer I, Eberhard R. Comparison of serum potassium levels during long-term treatment of hypertension patients with 2.5 mg torasemide o.d. or 50 mg triamterene/25 mg hydrochlorothiazide o.d. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 211–20.
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44. Spieker C, Zidek W, Häcker W et al. Assessment of intracellular sodium and calcium in essential hypertension during diuretic treatment. Arzneimittelforschung 1988; 38: 1188–90.
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20. Baumgart P, Walger P, von Eiff M, Achhammer I. Long-term efficacy and tolerance of torasemide in hypertension. In: Progress in pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 169–81.
21. Baumgart P. Torasemide in comparison with thiazides in the treatment of hypertension. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1993; 7 (Suppl. 1): 63–8.
22. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
23. Spannbrucker N, Achhammer I, Metz P, Glocke M. Comparative study on the hypertensive efficacy of torasemide and indapamide in patients with essential hypertension. Drug Res 1988; 38 (1): 190–3.
24. Reyes AJ, Chiesa PD, Santucci MR et al. Hydrochlorothiazide versus a nondiuretic dose of torasemide as once daily antihypertensive monopharmacotherapy in elderly patients; randomized and double-blind study. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 183–209.
25. Achhammer I, Eberhard R. Comparison of serum potassium levels during long-term treatment of hypertension patients with 2.5 mg torasemide o.d. or 50 mg triamterene/25 mg hydrochlorothiazide o.d. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology. Gustav-Fischer-Verlag: Stuttgart 1990; 8: 211–20.
26. Mosso L, Carvajal C, Gonzalez A et al. Primary aldosteronism and hypertensive disease. Hypertension 2003; 42: 161–5.
27. Schunkert H, Hense HW, Muscholl M et al. Associations between circulating components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and left ventricular mass. Heart 1997; 77: 24–31.
28. Tanabe A, Naruse M, Naruse K et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy is more prominent in patients with primary aldosteronism than in patients with other types of secondary hypertension. Hypertens Res 1997; 20 (2): 85–90.
29. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end–organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
30. Young MJ, Lam EY, Rickard AJ. Mineralocorticoid receprtor activator and cardiac fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007; 112 (9): 467–75.
31. Goodfriend TL, Ball DL, Oelkers W, Bähr V. Torsemide inhibits aldosterone secretion in vitro. Life Sci 1998; 63 (3): 45–50.
32. Franse LV, Pahor M, Di Bari M et al. Hypokalemia associated with diuretic use and cardiovascular events in the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program. Hypertension 2000; 35: 1025–30.
33. Averin E.E. Vliianie torasemida na gipertrofiiu miokarda levogo zheludochka. Serdechnaia nedostatochnost'. 2012; 13 (3): 158–61. [in Russian]
34. Massare J, Berry JM, Luo X et al. Diminished cardiac fibrosis in heart failure is associated with altered ventricular arrhythmia phenotype. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2010; 21 (9): 1031–7.
35. Shugushev Kh.Kh., Gaeva A.A. Vliianie furasemida i torasemida na variabel'nost' serdechnogo ritma i zheludochkovye aritmii u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi serdechnoi nedostatochnost'iu, oslozhnivshei techenie ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa: sravnitel'noe nerandomizirovannoe issledovanie. Ratsional'naia farmakoterapiia v kardiologii. 2010; 6 (4): 513–17. [in Russian]
36. Tkacheva O.N., Sharashkina N.V., Novikova I.M. i dr. Primenenie petlevogo diuretika torasemida v kombinirovannom lechenii gipertonicheskoi bolezni u zhenshchin v period postmenopauzy. Consilium Medicum. 2011; 13 (10): 54–9 [in Russian]
37. Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end-organ damage. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2005; 14 (3): 235–41.
38. Born-Frontsberg E, Reincke M, Rump LC et al. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidities of hypokalemic and normokalemic primary aldosteronism: results of the German Conn's Registry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94 (4): 1125–30.
39. Gonzaga CC, Gaddam KK, Ahmed MI et al. Severity of obstructive sleep apnea is related to aldosterone status in subjects with resistant hypertension. J Clin Sleep Med 2010; 6 (4): 363–68.
40. Yagi S, Akaike M, Aihara K et al. High plasma aldosterone concentration is a novel risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with hypertension. Hypertens Res 2011; 34 (1): 74–8.
41. Fomin V.V. Antial'dosteronovoe deistvie torasemida: sluchainost' ili neobkhodimost'? RMZh. 2012; 14: 693–7. [in Russian]
42. Reyes A et al. In: Progress in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Gustav-Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1992; 9: 219–62.
43. Liguori A, Casini A, Di Loreto M et al. Loop diuretics enhance the secretion of prostacyclin in vitro, in healthy persons, and in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 117–24.
44. Spieker C, Zidek W, Häcker W et al. Assessment of intracellular sodium and calcium in essential hypertension during diuretic treatment. Arzneimittelforschung 1988; 38: 1188–90.
Авторы
Г.А.Барышникова*, С.А.Чорбинская
ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента РФ. 121359, Россия, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 21
*bargalan@mail.ru
Central State Medical Academy of the President of the Russian Federation. 121359, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Timoshenko, d. 21
*bargalan@mail.ru
ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента РФ. 121359, Россия, Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, д. 21
*bargalan@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Central State Medical Academy of the President of the Russian Federation. 121359, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Timoshenko, d. 21
*bargalan@mail.ru
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