Рак молочной железы является наиболее распространенной женской онкопатологией в мире. Основная причина смертности больных – метастазирование. Современное состояние медицины позволяет излечивать первичную опухоль, но зачастую является недостаточно эффективным для контроля за развитием метастатической болезни. Важное значение в реализации метастатического каскада играют циркуляция и выживание в кровотоке опухолевых клеток. В этой статье мы постарались обобщить и представить данные литературы по изучению циркулирующих опухолевых клеток у больных раком молочной железы.
Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, циркулирующие опухолевые клетки, эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход, метастазирование, предикторная значимость, прогноз заболевания, методы идентификации и исследования.
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Breast cancer is the most common female oncopathology in the world. The main cause of mortality in patients – metastases. The current state of medicine allows curing the primary tumor, but often is not effective enough to control the development of metastatic disease. Of great importance in the implementation of metastatic cascade plays circulation and survival of tumor cells in the peripheral blood. In this article we have tried to summarize and present the data in the literature on the study of circulating tumor cells in patients with breast cancer.
Key words: breast cancer, circulating tumor cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, predictive significance, prognosis, methods of identification and research.
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2. Mirza AN, Mirza NQ, Vlastos G et al. Prognostic factors in node-negative breast cancer: a review of studies with sample size more than 200 and follow-up more than 5 years. Ann Surg 2002; 235: 10–26.
3. Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl Med 2002; 347: 1233–41.
4. Fehm T, Solomayer EF, Meng S еt al. Methods for isolating circulating epithelial cells and criteria for their classification as carcinoma cells. Cytotherapy 2005; 7 (2): 171–85.
5. Ashworth TR. A case of cancer in which cells similar to those in the tumours were seen in the blood after death. Aust Med J 1869; 14: 146–9.
6. Ковалев А.А., Грудинская Т.А., Кузнецова Т.П. и др. Гетерогенность циркулирующих опухолевых клеток. Онкология. 2012; 14 (2): 126–9. / Kovalev A.A., Grudinskaia T.A., Kuznetsova T.P. i dr. Geterоgennost' tsirkuliruiushchikh opukholevykh kletok. Onkologiia. 2012; 14 (2): 126–9. [in Russian]
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8. Hay ED. An overview of epithelio-mesenchymal transformation. Acta Anat (Basel) 1995; 154: 8–20.
9. Ковалев А.А. Циркулирующие опухолевые клетки. Здоровье Украины. 2012; июнь: 36–7. / Kovalev A.A. Tsirkuliruiushchie opukholevye kletki. Zdorov'e Ukrainy. 2012; iiun': 36–7. [in Russian]
10. Fidler I, Kripke M. Metastasis results from preexisting variant cells within a malignant tumor. Science 1977; 197: 893–5.
11. Fehm T, Solomayer E, Meng S. Methods for isolating circulating epithelial cells and criteria for their classification as carcinoma cells. Cytotherapy 2005; 7 (2): 171–85.
12. Vona G, Sabile A, Louha M et al. Isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells: a new method for the immunomorphological and molecular characterization of circulatingtumor cells. Am J Pathol 2000; 156 (1): 57–63.
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14. Alix-Panabieres C. EPISPOT assay: detection of viable DTCs/CTCs in solid tumor patients. Recent Results Cancer Res 2012; 195: 69–76.
15. Лядов В.К., Скрыпникова М.А., Попова О.П. Выделение циркулирующих в крови опухолевых клеток методом «изоляции по размеру (ISET)» (обзор). Вопр. онкологии. 2014; 60 (5): 548–52. / Liadov V.K., Skrypnikova M.A., Popova O.P. Vydelenie tsirkuliruiushchikh v krovi opukholevykh kletok metodom «izoliatsii po razmeru (ISET)» (obzor). Vopr. onkologii. 2014; 60 (5): 548–52. [in Russian]
16. Исмаилова Г., Laget S, Paterlini-Bréchot P. Диагностика циркулирующих опухолевых клеток с помощью технологии ISET и их молекулярная характеристика для жидкостной биопсии. Клин. медицина Казахстана. 2015; 1 (35): 15–20. / Ismailova G., Laget S, Paterlini-Bréchot P. Diagnostika tsirkuliruiushchikh opukholevykh kletok s pomoshch'iu tekhnologii ISET i ikh molekuliarnaia kharakteristika dlia zhidkostnoi biopsii. Klin. meditsina Kazakhstana. 2015; 1 (35): 15–20. [in Russian]
17. Бжадуг О.Б., Тупицын Н.Н., Тюляндин С.А. Значение выявления микрометастазов в крови и костном мозге у больных раком молочной железы. Современная Онкология. 2004; 6 (4): 149–54. / Bzhadug O.B., Tupitsyn N.N., Tiuliandin S.A. Znachenie vyiavleniia mikrometastazov v krovi i kostnom mozge u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2004; 6 (4): 149–54. [in Russian]
18. Xenidis N, Markos V, Apostolaki S et al. Clinical relevance of circulating CK_19 mRNA_positive cells detected during the adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in patients with early breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 10: 1623–31.
19. Smith BM, Slade MJ, English J et al. Response of circulating tumor cells to systemic therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer: comparison of quantative polimerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical techniques. J Clin Oncol 2000; 7: 1432–9.
20. Cristofanilli M, Budd G, Ellis M et al. Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast. Cancer Semin Oncol 2006; 33: 9–14.
21. Gafforio JJ, Serrano MJ, Sanches-Rovira P et al. Detection of breast cancer cells in the peripheral blood is positively correlated with estrogen-receptor status and predicts for poor prognosis. Int J Cancer 2003; 107 (6): 984–90.
22. Бжадуг О.Б., Гривцова Л.Ю., Тупицын Н.Н. и др. Циркулирующие опухолевые клетки в крови больных местно-распространенным и диссеминированным раком молочной железы. Вестн. РОНЦ им. Н.Н.Блохина РАМН. 2007; 3: 19–22. / Bzhadug O.B., Grivtsova L.Iu., Tupitsyn N.N. i dr. Tsirkuliruiushchie opukholevye kletki v krovi bol'nykh mestno-rasprostranennym i disseminirovannym rakom molochnoi zhelezy. Vestn. RONTs im. N.N.Blokhina RAMN. 2007; 3: 19–22. [in Russian]
23. Apostolaki S, Perraki M, Pallis A et al. Circulating HER2 mRNA_positive cells in the peripheral blood of patients with stage I and II breast cancer after the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy: evaluation of their clinical relevance. Ann Oncol 2007; 18 (5): 851–8.
24. Bidard FC, Matiot C, Delaloge S et al. Single circulating tumor cell detection and overall survival in nonmetastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2010; 4 (2): 729–33.
25. Bidard FС, Proudhona С, Pierga J. Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2016; 10: 418–30.
26. Riethdorf S, Muller V, Zhang L et al. Detection and HER2 expression of circulating tumor cells: prospective monitoring of breast cancer patient treated in the neoadjuvant GeparQuattro trial. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16 (9): 79–93.
27. Camara O, Rengsberger M, Egbe A et al. The relevance of circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETC) for therapy monitoring during neoadjuvant (primary systemic) chemotherapy in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 9: 1484–92.
28. Alpers I, Brandt В. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in cancer of solid tumors. Haemopoesis Immunology 2007; 4: 14–37.
29. Meng S, Tripathy D, Shete S et al. HER2 gene amplification can be acquired as breast cancer progresses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004; 101 (25): 9393–8.
30. Pestrin M, Bessi S, Galardi F et al. Correlation of HER2 status between primary tumors and corresponding circulating tumor cells in advanced breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 118 (3): 523–30.
31. Alix-Panabires C, Muller V, Pantel K. Current status in human breast cancer micrometastasis. Curr Opin Oncol 2007; 6: 558–63.
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1. Davydov M.I., Aksel' E.M. Statistika zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovanii v Rossii i stranakh SNG v 2012 g. 2014. [in Russian]
2. Mirza AN, Mirza NQ, Vlastos G et al. Prognostic factors in node-negative breast cancer: a review of studies with sample size more than 200 and follow-up more than 5 years. Ann Surg 2002; 235: 10–26.
3. Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl Med 2002; 347: 1233–41.
4. Fehm T, Solomayer EF, Meng S еt al. Methods for isolating circulating epithelial cells and criteria for their classification as carcinoma cells. Cytotherapy 2005; 7 (2): 171–85.
5. Ashworth TR. A case of cancer in which cells similar to those in the tumours were seen in the blood after death. Aust Med J 1869; 14: 146–9.
6. Kovalev A.A., Grudinskaia T.A., Kuznetsova T.P. i dr. Geterоgennost' tsirkuliruiushchikh opukholevykh kletok. Onkologiia. 2012; 14 (2): 126–9. [in Russian]
7. Puchinskaia M.V. Epitelial'no-mezenkhimal'nyi perekhod v norme i patologii. Arkh. patologii. 2015; 1: 75–83. [in Russian]
8. Hay ED. An overview of epithelio-mesenchymal transformation. Acta Anat (Basel) 1995; 154: 8–20.
9. Kovalev A.A. Tsirkuliruiushchie opukholevye kletki. Zdorov'e Ukrainy. 2012; iiun': 36–7. [in Russian]
10. Fidler I, Kripke M. Metastasis results from preexisting variant cells within a malignant tumor. Science 1977; 197: 893–5.
11. Fehm T, Solomayer E, Meng S. Methods for isolating circulating epithelial cells and criteria for their classification as carcinoma cells. Cytotherapy 2005; 7 (2): 171–85.
12. Vona G, Sabile A, Louha M et al. Isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells: a new method for the immunomorphological and molecular characterization of circulatingtumor cells. Am J Pathol 2000; 156 (1): 57–63.
13. Zubtsov D.A., Zubtsova Zh.I., Lavrov A.V. i dr. Tsirkuliruiushchie opukholevye kletki pri rake molochnoi zhelezy (TsOK): prognosticheskaia znachimost' i metody vydeleniia. Trudy MFTI. 2012; 4 (3): 18–26. [in Russian]
14. Alix-Panabieres C. EPISPOT assay: detection of viable DTCs/CTCs in solid tumor patients. Recent Results Cancer Res 2012; 195: 69–76.
15. Liadov V.K., Skrypnikova M.A., Popova O.P. Vydelenie tsirkuliruiushchikh v krovi opukholevykh kletok metodom «izoliatsii po razmeru (ISET)» (obzor). Vopr. onkologii. 2014; 60 (5): 548–52. [in Russian]
16. Ismailova G., Laget S, Paterlini-Bréchot P. Diagnostika tsirkuliruiushchikh opukholevykh kletok s pomoshch'iu tekhnologii ISET i ikh molekuliarnaia kharakteristika dlia zhidkostnoi biopsii. Klin. meditsina Kazakhstana. 2015; 1 (35): 15–20. [in Russian]
17. Bzhadug O.B., Tupitsyn N.N., Tiuliandin S.A. Znachenie vyiavleniia mikrometastazov v krovi i kostnom mozge u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2004; 6 (4): 149–54. [in Russian]
18. Xenidis N, Markos V, Apostolaki S et al. Clinical relevance of circulating CK_19 mRNA_positive cells detected during the adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in patients with early breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 10: 1623–31.
19. Smith BM, Slade MJ, English J et al. Response of circulating tumor cells to systemic therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer: comparison of quantative polimerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical techniques. J Clin Oncol 2000; 7: 1432–9.
20. Cristofanilli M, Budd G, Ellis M et al. Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast. Cancer Semin Oncol 2006; 33: 9–14.
21. Gafforio JJ, Serrano MJ, Sanches-Rovira P et al. Detection of breast cancer cells in the peripheral blood is positively correlated with estrogen-receptor status and predicts for poor prognosis. Int J Cancer 2003; 107 (6): 984–90.
22. Bzhadug O.B., Grivtsova L.Iu., Tupitsyn N.N. i dr. Tsirkuliruiushchie opukholevye kletki v krovi bol'nykh mestno-rasprostranennym i disseminirovannym rakom molochnoi zhelezy. Vestn. RONTs im. N.N.Blokhina RAMN. 2007; 3: 19–22. [in Russian]
23. Apostolaki S, Perraki M, Pallis A et al. Circulating HER2 mRNA_positive cells in the peripheral blood of patients with stage I and II breast cancer after the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy: evaluation of their clinical relevance. Ann Oncol 2007; 18 (5): 51–8.
24. Bidard FC, Matiot C, Delaloge S et al. Single circulating tumor cell detection and overall survival in nonmetastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2010; 4 (2): 729–33.
25. Bidard FС, Proudhona С, Pierga J. Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2016; 10: 418–30.
26. Riethdorf S, Muller V, Zhang L et al. Detection and HER2 expression of circulating tumor cells: prospective monitoring of breast cancer patient treated in the neoadjuvant GeparQuattro trial. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16 (9): 79–93.
27. Camara O, Rengsberger M, Egbe A et al. The relevance of circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETC) for therapy monitoring during neoadjuvant (primary systemic) chemotherapy in breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 9: 1484–92.
28. Alpers I, Brandt В. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in cancer of solid tumors. Haemopoesis Immunology 2007; 4: 14–37.
29. Meng S, Tripathy D, Shete S et al. HER2 gene amplification can be acquired as breast cancer progresses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004; 101 (25): 9393–8.
30. Pestrin M, Bessi S, Galardi F et al. Correlation of HER2 status between primary tumors and corresponding circulating tumor cells in advanced breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 118 (3): 523–30.
31. Alix-Panabires C, Muller V, Pantel K. Current status in human breast cancer micrometastasis. Curr Opin Oncol 2007; 6: 558–63.
Авторы
Ю.Н.Ненахова*1, В.К.Лядов1,2, И.В.Поддубная1,3
1 ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования Минздрава России. 125993, Россия, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1;
2 ФГАУ Лечебно-реабилитационный центр Минздрава России. 125367, Россия, Москва, Иваньковское ш., д. 3;
3 ФГБУ Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н.Блохина Минздрава России. 115478, Россия, Москва, Каширское ш., д. 23
*lyullikalya@mail.ru
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Yu.N.Nenahova*1, V.K.Lyadov1,2, I.V.Poddubnaya1,3
1 Russian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, ul. Barrikadnaia, d. 2/1;
2 Medical and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
125367, Russian Federation, Moscow, Ivan’kovskoe sh., d. 3;
3 N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Reseach Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 115478, Russian Federation, Moscow, Kashirskoe sh., d. 23
*lyullikalya@mail.ru