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Сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения, химиолучевой терапии и химиотерапии с оценкой прогностических факторов при раке шейного отдела пищевода
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Radzhabova ZAh-G, Kotov MA, Girshovich MM, Ponomareva OI, Tkachenko EV, Mitrofanov AS, Radzhabova MA, Levchenko EV. Comparative analysis results of surgical treatment, chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy with assessment of prognostic factors in cervical esophageal cancer. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2021;23(4):649–654.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2021.4.201238
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Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены пациенты с верифицированным диагнозом РШОП, получавшие лечение в ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» в период с 2009 по 2018 г. и разделенные на 3 группы в зависимости от характера лечения: группы хирургического лечения, химиолучевой терапии и химиотерапии. Конечными точками исследования были общая выживаемость (ОВ) и безрецидивная выживаемость (БРВ).
Результаты. Всего 95 пациентов включены в исследование: 48 – в группу хирургического лечения, 30 – группу химиолучевой терапии и 17 – группу химиотерапевтического лечения. Средний возраст пациентов составил 59,2±10,4 года. Медиана ОВ в группе хирургического лечения – 39,1 мес, в группе химиолучевого лечения – 23,9 мес и в группе химиотерапии – 8,9 мес. Показатели общей 3-летней выживаемости составили 51,0% (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 36,4–71,7), 44,9% (95% ДИ 26,9–74,9) и 26,0% (95% ДИ 9,9–68,2) соответственно. Показатели общей 5-летней выживаемости для группы хирургического лечения и группы химиолучевой терапии составили 40,0% (95% ДИ 25,8–62,0) и 44,9% (95% ДИ 26,9–74,9) соответственно. Наличие ишемической болезни сердца связано со значительным снижением ОВ. Медиана БРВ в группе хирургического лечения – 19 мес, в группе химиолучевого лечения – 11,5 мес и в группе химиотерапии – 3,4 мес, а показатели безрецидивной 3-летней выживаемости составили 44,1% (95% ДИ 30,2–64,4), 25,0% (95% ДИ 11,7–53,4) и 14,3% (95% ДИ 4,0–51,5) соответственно. Безрецидивная 5-летняя выживаемость для группы хирургического лечения и группы химиолучевой терапии составила 34,6% (95% ДИ 21,6–55,3) и 25,0% (95% ДИ 11,7–53,4). Наличие язвенной болезни статистически значимо ассоциировано с более высокой ОВ и БРВ независимо от получаемого лечения.
Заключение. В нашем исследовании хирургическое лечение РШОП продемонстрировало лучшие показатели ОВ и БРВ пациентов по сравнению с проведением химиолучевой терапии. Наличие ишемической болезни сердца и язвенной болезни является прогностическим фактором для ОВ и БРВ.
Ключевые слова: рак шейного отдела пищевода, ларингофарингоэзофагэктомия, лучевая терапия, химиотерапия, прогноз, выживаемость
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Aim. To analyze the results of treatment and prognostic factors of survival in patients with cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) who received surgical treatment, chemoradiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Materials and methods. The retrospective study included patients with a verified diagnosis of CEC treated at the Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology from 2009 to 2018 and divided into three treatment groups: surgical treatment, chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy. The endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS).
Results. Ninety-seven patients were included in the study: 48 in the surgical group, 30 in the chemoradiotherapy group and 17 patients in the chemotherapeutic treatment group. The average age of patients was 59.2±10.4 years. The median OS in the surgical group was 39.1 months, in the chemoradiotherapy group – 23.9 months and 8.9 months in the chemotherapy group; the overall 3-year survival rate was 51.0% (95% CI 36.4–71.7), 44.9% (95% CI 26.9–74.9) and 26.0% (95% CI 9.9–68.2), respectively. The overall 5-year survival rate for the surgical group and the chemoradiotherapy group was 40.0% (95% CI 25.8–62.0), and 44.9% (95% CI 26.9–74.9), respectively. The presence of coronary heart disease is associated with a significant decrease in OS. The median disease-free survival in the surgical group was 19 months, in the chemoradiotherapy group – 11.5 months and 3.4 months in the chemotherapy group; the relapse-free 3-year survival rates were 44.1% (95% CI 30.2–64.4), 25.0% (95% CI 11.7–53.4) and 14.3% (95% CI 4.0–51.5), respectively. The relapse-free 5-year survival rate for the surgical treatment group and the chemoradiotherapy group was 34.6% (95% CI 21.6–55.3), and 25.0% (95% CI 11.7–53.4). The presence of peptic ulcer disease was statistically significantly associated with higher overall and RFS regardless of the treatment received.
Conclusion. In our study, surgical treatment of the CEC showed better overall and RFS rates compared with chemoradiotherapy. The presence of coronary heart disease and peptic ulcer disease are prognostic factors for overall and RFS.
Keywords: cervical esophagus cancer, pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, prognosis, survival
2. Ferahkose Z, Bedirli A, Kerem M, et al. Comparison of free jejunal graft with gastric pull-up reconstruction after resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 2008;21(4):340-5. DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00781.x
3. Ma JB, Song YP, Yu JM, et al. Feasibility of Involved-Field Conformal Radiotherapy for Cervical and Upper-Thoracic Esophageal Cancer. Oncologie. 2011;34(11):599‑604. DOI:10.1159/000334194
4. Cao C, Luo J, Gao L, et al. Definitive radiotherapy for cervical esophageal cancer. Head Neck. 2015;37(2):151-5. DOI:10.1002/hed.23572
5. Gkika E, Gauler T, Eberhardt W, et al. Long-term results of definitive radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cancers of the cervical esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 2014;27(7):678-84. DOI:10.1111/dote.12146
6. Miyata H, Yamasaki M, Takahashi T, et al. Larynx-Preserving Limited Resection and Free Jejunal Graft For Carcinoma of the Cervical Esophagus. World J Surg. 2013;37(3):551-7. DOI:10.1007/s00268-012-1875-7
7. Chou SH, Li HP, Lee JY, et al. Radical Resection or Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Esophageal Cancer? World J Surg. 2010;34(8):1832-39. DOI:10.1007/s00268-010-0595-0
8. Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, et al. Chemoradiotherapy of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Long-term Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial (RTOG 85-01). JAMA. 1999;281(17)1623-7. DOI:10.1001/jama.281.17.1623
9. Adelstein DJ, Li Y, Adams GL, et al. An Intergroup Phase III Comparison of Standard Radiation Therapy and Two Schedules of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Unresectable Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2016;21(1):92-8. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2003.01.008
10. Bonner JA, Ove R, Kies MS, et al. Radiotherapy plus Cetuximab for Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. N Engl J Med. 2009;354(6):567-8.
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa053422
11. Huang SH, Lockwood G, Brierley J, et al. Effect of Concurrent High-Dose Cisplatin Chemotherapy and Conformal Radiotherapy on Cervical Esophageal Cancer Survival. Int J Radiat Oncol. 2008;71(3):735-40. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.10.022
12. Stuschke M, Stahl M, Wilke H, et al. Induction Chemotherapy followed by Concurrent Chemotherapy and High-Dose Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervical Oesophagus. Oncology. 1999;57(2):99‑105. DOI:10.1159/000012015
13. Mendenhall W, Sombeck MD, Parsons JT, et al. Management of Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1994;4(3):179-91. DOI:10.1053/SRAO00400179
14. Tong DK, Law S, Kwong DL, et al. Current Management of Cervical Esophageal Cancer. World J Surg. 2011;35(3):600-7. DOI:10.1007/s00268-010-0876-7
15. Kadota H, Sakuraba M, Kimata Y, et al. Larynx-preserving esophagectomy and jejunal transfer for cervical esophageal carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(7):1274-80. DOI:10.1002/lary.20493
16. Ott K, Lordick F, Molls M, et al. Limited resection and free jejunal graft interposition for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical oesophagus. Br J Surg. 2009;96(3):258-66. DOI:10.1002/bjs.6437
17. Triboulet JP, Mariette C, Chevalier D, Amrouni H. Surgical management of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: Analysis of 209 cases. Arch Surg. 2001;136(10):1164-70. DOI:10.1001/archsurg.136.10.1164
18. Cao CN, Luo JW, Gao L, et al. Primary Radiotherapy Compared With Primary Surgery in Cervical Esophageal Cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg. 2014;140(10):918-26. DOI:10.1001/jamaoto.2014.2013
19. Dudhat SB, Mistry RC, Fakih AR. Complications following gastric transposition after total laryngo-pharyngectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1999;25(1):82-5. DOI:10.1053/ejso.1998.0605
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1. Hoeben A, Polak J, Van De Voorde L, et al. Cervical esophageal cancer: a gap in cancer knowledge. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(9):1664-74. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdw183
2. Ferahkose Z, Bedirli A, Kerem M, et al. Comparison of free jejunal graft with gastric pull-up reconstruction after resection of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 2008;21(4):340-5. DOI:10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00781.x
3. Ma JB, Song YP, Yu JM, et al. Feasibility of Involved-Field Conformal Radiotherapy for Cervical and Upper-Thoracic Esophageal Cancer. Oncologie. 2011;34(11):599‑604. DOI:10.1159/000334194
4. Cao C, Luo J, Gao L, et al. Definitive radiotherapy for cervical esophageal cancer. Head Neck. 2015;37(2):151-5. DOI:10.1002/hed.23572
5. Gkika E, Gauler T, Eberhardt W, et al. Long-term results of definitive radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cancers of the cervical esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 2014;27(7):678-84. DOI:10.1111/dote.12146
6. Miyata H, Yamasaki M, Takahashi T, et al. Larynx-Preserving Limited Resection and Free Jejunal Graft For Carcinoma of the Cervical Esophagus. World J Surg. 2013;37(3):551-7. DOI:10.1007/s00268-012-1875-7
7. Chou SH, Li HP, Lee JY, et al. Radical Resection or Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Esophageal Cancer? World J Surg. 2010;34(8):1832-39. DOI:10.1007/s00268-010-0595-0
8. Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, et al. Chemoradiotherapy of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Long-term Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial (RTOG 85-01). JAMA. 1999;281(17)1623-7. DOI:10.1001/jama.281.17.1623
9. Adelstein DJ, Li Y, Adams GL, et al. An Intergroup Phase III Comparison of Standard Radiation Therapy and Two Schedules of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Unresectable Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2016;21(1):92-8. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2003.01.008
10. Bonner JA, Ove R, Kies MS, et al. Radiotherapy plus Cetuximab for Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. N Engl J Med. 2009;354(6):567-8.
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa053422
11. Huang SH, Lockwood G, Brierley J, et al. Effect of Concurrent High-Dose Cisplatin Chemotherapy and Conformal Radiotherapy on Cervical Esophageal Cancer Survival. Int J Radiat Oncol. 2008;71(3):735-40. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.10.022
12. Stuschke M, Stahl M, Wilke H, et al. Induction Chemotherapy followed by Concurrent Chemotherapy and High-Dose Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervical Oesophagus. Oncology. 1999;57(2):99‑105. DOI:10.1159/000012015
13. Mendenhall W, Sombeck MD, Parsons JT, et al. Management of Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1994;4(3):179-91. DOI:10.1053/SRAO00400179
14. Tong DK, Law S, Kwong DL, et al. Current Management of Cervical Esophageal Cancer. World J Surg. 2011;35(3):600-7. DOI:10.1007/s00268-010-0876-7
15. Kadota H, Sakuraba M, Kimata Y, et al. Larynx-preserving esophagectomy and jejunal transfer for cervical esophageal carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(7):1274-80. DOI:10.1002/lary.20493
16. Ott K, Lordick F, Molls M, et al. Limited resection and free jejunal graft interposition for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical oesophagus. Br J Surg. 2009;96(3):258-66. DOI:10.1002/bjs.6437
17. Triboulet JP, Mariette C, Chevalier D, Amrouni H. Surgical management of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: Analysis of 209 cases. Arch Surg. 2001;136(10):1164-70. DOI:10.1001/archsurg.136.10.1164
18. Cao CN, Luo JW, Gao L, et al. Primary Radiotherapy Compared With Primary Surgery in Cervical Esophageal Cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg. 2014;140(10):918-26. DOI:10.1001/jamaoto.2014.2013
19. Dudhat SB, Mistry RC, Fakih AR. Complications following gastric transposition after total laryngo-pharyngectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1999;25(1):82-5. DOI:10.1053/ejso.1998.0605
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
*amirdo@mail.ru
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Zamira Ah.-G. Radzhabova*, Maxim A. Kotov, Michail M. Girshovich, Olga I. Ponomareva, Elena V. Tkachenko, Alexander S. Mitrofanov, Madina A. Radzhabova, Evgeniy V. Levchenko
Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
*amirdo@mail.ru