Savelyeva MI, Golubenko EO, Sozaeva ZA, Poddubnaya IV, Korennaya VV. Analysis of the complications of endocrine therapy with tamoxifen in breast cancer: clinical and pharmacogenetic aspects. Prospective pharmacogenetic cohort study. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2022;24(3):361–367.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201783
Анализ осложнений эндокринотерапии тамоксифеном при раке молочной железы: клинические и фармакогенетические аспекты
Савельева М.И., Голубенко Е.О., Созаева Ж.А., Поддубная И.В., Коренная В.В. Анализ осложнений эндокринотерапии тамоксифеном при раке молочной железы: клинические и фармакогенетические аспекты. Современная Онкология. 2022;24(3):361–367.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201783
Savelyeva MI, Golubenko EO, Sozaeva ZA, Poddubnaya IV, Korennaya VV. Analysis of the complications of endocrine therapy with tamoxifen in breast cancer: clinical and pharmacogenetic aspects. Prospective pharmacogenetic cohort study. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2022;24(3):361–367.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201783
Обоснование. Препаратом выбора при терапии ER-позитивного рака молочной железы (РМЖ) для перименопаузальных женщин и одной из опций эндокринотерапии для больных в менопаузе является тамоксифен. На фармакологический ответ тамоксифена может влиять активность ферментов цитохрома P450 (CYP) и транспортеров Р-гликопротеина (Pg), а кодирующие их гены обладают широким полиморфизмом, влияя на уровень концентрации активных метаболитов в сыворотке. В данной статье представлены общие результаты проспективного исследования «Популяционное исследование клинического значения генетического полиморфизма ферментов метаболизма и транспортеров тамоксифена при раке молочной железы» у пациенток c РМЖ, радикально пролеченных и получавших эндокринотерапию тамоксифеном в адъювантном режиме амбулаторно в период 2018–2019 гг., одобренного Комитетом по этике научных исследований ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО. Цель. Провести анализ клинических проявлений осложнений эндокринотерапии тамоксифеном в адъювантном режиме и оценить взаимо- связи носительства генетических полиморфизмов генов, кодирующих ферменты цитохромной системы Р450 и белки-транспортеры лекарственных средств, с развитием нежелательных явлений у пациенток с РМЖ. Материалы и методы. Женщины (n=104) с люминальным РМЖ I–III стадии, принимающие тамоксифен в адъювантном режиме, исследованы на наличие полиморфизмов генов CYP2D6, CYP2C, CYP3A: CYP2D6*4, CYP3A5*3, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3, а также полиморфного маркера гена ABCB1 (С3435Т), кодирующего транспортный белок гликопротеина Р. Аллельные варианты определялись с помощью метода полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени в НИЦ ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО. Материал исследования – буккальный эпителий (двукратный забор), взятый после подписания информированного согласия. Результаты. В результате ассоциативного анализа показана их связь с развитием нежелательных лекарственных реакций тамоксифена, свидетельствующая о клинической значимости различных генетических полиморфизмов CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP2C9 и ABCB1.
Заключение. С имплементацией генетического тестирования исследованных полиморфизмов в рутинную клиническую практику онкологов, назначающих тамоксифен, и гинекологов, наблюдающих амбулаторно пациенток с РМЖ, получающих эндокринотерапию в адъювантном режиме, появится возможность более эффективной и безопасной фармакотерапии.
Background. Tamoxifen is the drug of choice in ER-positive breast cancer (BC) therapy for perimenopausal women and one of the endocrine therapy options for menopausal patients. The pharmacological effect of tamoxifen can be influenced by the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and P-glycoprotein transporters (Pg), and the genes encoding them have broad polymorphism, affecting serum concentrations of active metabolites. This article presents the overall results of a prospective population-based study of the clinical significance of genetic polymorphism of tamoxifen metabolic enzymes and transporters in breast cancer patients after radical treatment receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen in outpatient settings during 2018-2019. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education. Aim. To analyze the clinical presentation of endocrine therapy with tamoxifen in the adjuvant regimen and to assess the association of polymorphisms of genes encoding cytochrome P450 enzymes and drug transporter proteins with adverse events in BC patients. Materials and methods. One hundred and four women with stage I-III luminal breast cancer receiving adjuvant tamoxifen were examined for the presence of CYP2D6, CYP2C, and the following CYP3A gene polymorphisms: CYP2D6*4, CYP3A5*3, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3, as well as the ABCB1 gene polymorphic marker (C3435T) encoding the P-glycoprotein. The allelic variants were identified using the real-time polymerase chain reaction; the test was performed in the Research Center of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education. The study material was buccal epithelium (double sampling) taken after informed consent signing. Results. Association analysis showed the association of different genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP2C9, and ABCB1 with tamoxifen adverse drug reactions, indicating the clinical significance of these polymorphisms.
Conclusion. With the implementation of genetic testing of the studied polymorphisms into the routine clinical practice of oncologists prescribing tamoxifen and gynecologists involved in the follow-up of breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy in the adjuvant mode, there will be an opportunity for more effective and safer pharmacotherapy.
Keywords: breast cancer, tamoxifen, pharmacogenetics, cytochrome P450, P-glycoprotein transporter, polymorphism
1. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG); Davies C, Godwin J, Gray R, et al. Relevance of breast cancer hormone receptors and other factors to the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2011;378(9793):771-84. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60993-8
2. Burstein HJ, Lacchetti C, Anderson H, et al. Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update. J Clin Oncol. 2018;37(5):423-38. DOI:10.1200/JCO.18.01160
3. Curigliano G, Burstein HJ, Winer EP, et al. De-escalating and escalating treatments for early-stage breast cancer: the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus Conference on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2017. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(8):1700-12. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdx308
4. Cronin-Fenton DP, Damkier P. Tamoxifen and CYP2D6: A Controversy in Pharmacogenetics. Adv Pharmacol San Diego Calif. 2018;83:65-91. DOI:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.03.001
5. Irvin WJ, Walko CM, Weck KE, et al. Genotype-guided tamoxifen dosing increases active metabolite exposure in women with reduced CYP2D6 metabolism: a multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(24):3232-9. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2010.31.4427
6. Khan BA, Robinson R, Fohner AE, et al. Cytochrome P450 Genetic Variation Associated with Tamoxifen Biotransformation in American Indian and Alaska Native People. Clin Transl Sci. 2018;11(3):312-21. DOI:10.1111/cts.12542
7. Drögemöller BI, Wright GEB, Shih J, et al. CYP2D6 as a treatment decision aid for ER-positive non-metastatic breast cancer patients: a systematic review with accompanying clinical practice guidelines. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019;173(3):521-2. DOI:10.1007/s10549-018-5027-0
8. Ahern TP, Collin LJ, Baurley JW, et al. Metabolic pathway analysis and effectiveness of tamoxifen in Danish breast cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020;29(3):582-90. DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0833
9. Goetz M, Suman VJ, Hoskin TL, et al. CYP2D6 metabolism and patient outcome in the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group trial (ABCSG) 8. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(2):500-7. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2153
10. Schroth W, Goetz MP, Hamann U, et al. Association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and outcomes among women with early stage breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. JAMA. 2009;302(13):1429-36. DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.1420
11. Swen JJ, Nijenhuis M, de Boer A, et al. Pharmacogenetics: from bench to byte-an update of guidelines. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011;89(5):662-73. DOI:10.1038/clpt.2011.34
12. Goetz MP, Rae JM, Suman VJ, et al. Pharmacogenetics of tamoxifen biotransformation is associated with clinical outcomes of efficacy and hot flashes. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(36):9312-8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.03.3266
13. Mwinyi J, Vokinger K, Jetter A, et al. Impact of variable CYP genotypes on breast cancer relapse in patients undergoing adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2014;73:1181-8. DOI:10.1007/s00280-014-2453-5
14. Iusuf D, Teunissen SF, Wagenaar E, et al. P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1) Transports the Primary Active Tamoxifen Metabolites Endoxifen and 4-Hydroxytamoxifen and Restricts Their Brain Penetration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011;337(3):710-7. DOI:10.1124/jpet.110.178301
15. Sensorn I, Sukasem C, Sirachainan E, et al. ABCB1 and ABCC2 and the risk of distant metastasis in Thai breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:212-9. DOI:10.2147/OTT.S100905
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1. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG); Davies C, Godwin J, Gray R, et al. Relevance of breast cancer hormone receptors and other factors to the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2011;378(9793):771-84. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60993-8
2. Burstein HJ, Lacchetti C, Anderson H, et al. Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Focused Update. J Clin Oncol. 2018;37(5):423-38. DOI:10.1200/JCO.18.01160
3. Curigliano G, Burstein HJ, Winer EP, et al. De-escalating and escalating treatments for early-stage breast cancer: the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus Conference on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2017. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(8):1700-12. DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdx308
4. Cronin-Fenton DP, Damkier P. Tamoxifen and CYP2D6: A Controversy in Pharmacogenetics. Adv Pharmacol San Diego Calif. 2018;83:65-91. DOI:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.03.001
5. Irvin WJ, Walko CM, Weck KE, et al. Genotype-guided tamoxifen dosing increases active metabolite exposure in women with reduced CYP2D6 metabolism: a multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(24):3232-9. DOI:10.1200/JCO.2010.31.4427
6. Khan BA, Robinson R, Fohner AE, et al. Cytochrome P450 Genetic Variation Associated with Tamoxifen Biotransformation in American Indian and Alaska Native People. Clin Transl Sci. 2018;11(3):312-21. DOI:10.1111/cts.12542
7. Drögemöller BI, Wright GEB, Shih J, et al. CYP2D6 as a treatment decision aid for ER-positive non-metastatic breast cancer patients: a systematic review with accompanying clinical practice guidelines. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019;173(3):521-2. DOI:10.1007/s10549-018-5027-0
8. Ahern TP, Collin LJ, Baurley JW, et al. Metabolic pathway analysis and effectiveness of tamoxifen in Danish breast cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020;29(3):582-90. DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-19-0833
9. Goetz M, Suman VJ, Hoskin TL, et al. CYP2D6 metabolism and patient outcome in the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group trial (ABCSG) 8. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19(2):500-7. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2153
10. Schroth W, Goetz MP, Hamann U, et al. Association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and outcomes among women with early stage breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. JAMA. 2009;302(13):1429-36. DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.1420
11. Swen JJ, Nijenhuis M, de Boer A, et al. Pharmacogenetics: from bench to byte-an update of guidelines. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011;89(5):662-73. DOI:10.1038/clpt.2011.34
12. Goetz MP, Rae JM, Suman VJ, et al. Pharmacogenetics of tamoxifen biotransformation is associated with clinical outcomes of efficacy and hot flashes. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(36):9312-8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.03.3266
13. Mwinyi J, Vokinger K, Jetter A, et al. Impact of variable CYP genotypes on breast cancer relapse in patients undergoing adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2014;73:1181-8. DOI:10.1007/s00280-014-2453-5
14. Iusuf D, Teunissen SF, Wagenaar E, et al. P-Glycoprotein (ABCB1) Transports the Primary Active Tamoxifen Metabolites Endoxifen and 4-Hydroxytamoxifen and Restricts Their Brain Penetration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011;337(3):710-7. DOI:10.1124/jpet.110.178301
15. Sensorn I, Sukasem C, Sirachainan E, et al. ABCB1 and ABCC2 and the risk of distant metastasis in Thai breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Onco Targets Ther. 2016;9:212-9. DOI:10.2147/OTT.S100905
1 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 АНО «Центр иммунологии и репродукции», Москва, Россия
*marinasavelyeva@mail.ru
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Marina I. Savelyeva*1, Ekaterina O. Golubenko2, Zhannet A. Sozaeva1, Irina V. Poddubnaya1, Vera V. Korennaya1
1 Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia;
2 Center for Immunology and Reproduction, Moscow, Russia
*marinasavelyeva@mail.ru