Abdulzhaliev AT, Sushentsov EA, Boulytcheva IV, Senderovich AI, Nikulin MP, Sofronov DI, Bugaev VE. Results of surgical treatment of patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: a retrospective and prospective study. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2022;24(4): 446–453. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.4.201776
Результаты хирургического лечения больных со злокачественными опухолями из оболочек периферических нервов
Абдулжалиев А.Т., Сушенцов Е.А., Булычева И.В., Сендерович А.И., Никулин М.П., Софронов Д.И., Бугаев В.Е. Результаты хирургического лечения больных со злокачественными опухолями из оболочек периферических нервов. Современная Онкология. 2022;24(4):446–453.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.4.201776
Abdulzhaliev AT, Sushentsov EA, Boulytcheva IV, Senderovich AI, Nikulin MP, Sofronov DI, Bugaev VE. Results of surgical treatment of patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: a retrospective and prospective study. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2022;24(4): 446–453. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.4.201776
Обоснование. Злокачественные опухоли из оболочек периферических нервов (ЗООПН) – это редкая и агрессивная группа сарком, которые могут возникать спорадически, после лучевой терапии либо на фоне нейрофиброматоза 1-го типа. Считается, что потеря функции генов NF1, TP53 и CDKN2A не только способствует прогрессированию доброкачественной нейрофибромы до ЗООПН, но и является плохим прогностическим признаком. Вопрос оптимального ведения пациентов с данной патологией на текущий момент остается нерешенным, а также не установлены точные факторы прогноза. Цель. Проанализировать результаты хирургического лечения пациентов с ЗООПН, определить прогностические факторы, влияющие на общую и безрецидивную выживаемость. Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное и проспективное исследование включены взрослые пациенты с гистологически подтвержденными ЗООПН, проходившие лечение в период с 1998 по 2021 г. в ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина». Оперативное вмешательство проведено 61 пациенту, из которых 38 (62%) женщин и 23 (38%) мужчины. Наиболее часто ЗООПН локализовались паравертебрально – у 22 (36%) больных. Далее по частоте встречаемости следовали опухоли забрюшинной локализации – 14 (23%). На долю верхних и нижних конечностей пришлось 13 (21%) и 12 (20%) случаев соответственно. Результаты. Для оперированных больных с ЗООПН медиана общей выживаемости (ОВ) составила 46 мес (95% доверительный интервал 26,1–65,9). Трехлетняя и пятилетняя ОВ составили 46 и 31% соответственно. Медиана безрецидивной выживаемости (БРВ) составила 27 мес (8,7–45,3), трехлетняя и пятилетняя БРВ – 26 и 13% соответственно. Медиана ОВ при опухолях 1-й степени злокачественности не достигнута, 2 и 3-й степени злокачественности – 53 и 33 мес соответственно (p=0,033). Медиана БРВ при опухолях 1, 2 и 3-й степени злокачественности составила 119, 43, 15 мес соответственно (p=0,078). У пациентов, перенесших радикальную (R0) операцию, получены более высокие показатели БРВ (р=0,006) и ОВ (p<0,0001). После радикальной (R0) операции медиана ОВ не достигнута, после нерадикальной (R1/R2) медиана составила 34 мес. Медиана БРВ составила 124 мес после R0-резекции и 48 мес после R1/R2. Заключение. Наиболее значимыми факторами прогноза у больных с ЗООПН являются радикальность выполненной операции и степень злокачественности. Размер опухоли и ее локализация в нашем исследовании не влияли на отдаленные результаты лечения.
Ключевые слова: злокачественные опухоли из оболочек периферических нервов, нейрофиброматоз 1-го типа, хирургическое лечение
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Background. Peripheral nerve sheath malignancies (PNSM) are a rare and aggressive group of sarcomas that can occur sporadically, after radiation therapy, or related to neurofibromatosis type 1. Loss of function of NF1, TP53, and CDKN2A genes is thought to contribute to the progression of benign neurofibroma to PNSM and is a poor prognostic sign. The optimal management of patients with this disease is currently unresolved, and specific prognostic factors have not been established. Aim. To analyze the results of surgical treatment in patients with PNSM and establish prognostic factors of overall and recurrence-free survival rate. Materials and methods. The retrospective and prospective studies enrolled adult patients with histologically confirmed PNSM treated between 1998 and 2021 at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology. Surgical intervention was performed on 61 patients, 38 (62%) females and 23 (38%) males. The most common PNSM localization was paravertebral (22 [36%] patients), followed by retroperitoneal (14 [23%] patients), and upper and lower extremities (13 [21%] and 12 [20%] patients, respectively). Results. For PNSM patients with a history of surgery, the median overall survival (OS) was 46 months (95% confidence interval 26.1–65.9). The 3-year and 5-year OS was 46% and 31%, respectively. The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 27 months (8.7–45.3), and 3-year and 5-year RFS was 26% and 13%, respectively. Median OS for grade 1 malignancies was not achieved, while grade 2 and grade 3 malignancy was 53 and 33 months, respectively (p=0.033). The median RFS for grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors was 119, 43, and 15 months, respectively (p=0.078). Patients who underwent radical (R0) surgery had higher RFS (p=0.006) and OS (p<0.0001). After radical (R0) surgery, the median OS was not achieved; after nonradical (R1/R2) surgery, the median was 34 months. The median RFS was 124 months after R0-resection and 48 months after R1/R2. Conclusion. The most significant prognostic factors in PNSM patients are the radicality of the surgery performed and the malignancy grade. In our study, tumor size and localization did not affect the long-term treatment results.
1. Hwang IK, Hahn SM, Kim HS, et al. Outcomes of treatment for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Different clinical features associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):717-26.
2. Kolberg M, Høland M, Agesen TH, et al. Survival meta-analyses for >1800 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor patients with and without neurofibromatosis type 1. Neuro Oncol. 2013;15(2):135-47.
3. Casali PG, Abecassis N, Aro HT, et al. Soft tissue and visceral sarcomas: ESMO-EURACAN Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2018;29:iv51-67.
4. von Mehren M, Randall RL, Benjamin RS, et al. Soft tissue sarcoma, version 2.2018: Clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2018;16(5):536-63.
5. Khu KJ, Midha R. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. World Neurosurg. 2016;94:566-7.
6. Valentin T, Le Cesne A, Ray-Coquard I, et al. Management and prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: The experience of the French Sarcoma Group (GSF-GETO). Eur J Cancer. 2016;56:77-84.
7. LaFemina J, Qin LX, Moraco NH, et al. Oncologic outcomes of sporadic, neurofibromatosis-associated, and radiation-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(1):66-72.
8. Cai Z, Tang X, Liang H, et al. Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):1-12.
9. James AW, Shurell E, Singh A, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016;25(4):789-802.
10. Goertz O, Langer S, Uthoff D, et al. Diagnosis, treatment and survival of 65 patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Anticancer Res. 2014;34(2):777-84.
11. Pervaiz N, Colterjohn N, Farrokhyar F, et al. A systematic meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of adjuvant chemotherapy for localized resectable soft-tissue sarcoma. Cancer. 2008;113(3):573-81.
12. Zou C, Smith KD, Liu J, et al. Clinical, pathological, and molecular variables predictive of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor outcome. Ann Surg. 2009;249(6):1014-22.
13. Mowery A, Clayburgh D. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Analysis of the national cancer database. Oral Oncol. 2019;98:13-9.
14. Hirbe AC, Gutmann DH. Neurofibromatosis type 1: A multidisciplinary approach to care. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(8):834-43.
15. Miao R, Wang H, Jacobson A, et al. Radiation-induced and neurofibromatosis-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) have worse outcomes than sporadic MPNST. Radiother Oncol. 2019;137:61-70.
16. Stucky CCH, Johnson KN, Gray RJ, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST): The Mayo Clinic experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(3):878-85.
17. Anghileri M, Miceli R, Fiore M, et al. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Prognostic factors and survival in a series of patients treated at a single institution. Cancer. 2006;107(5):1065-74.
18. Porter DE, Prasad V, Foster L, et al. Survival in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours: A comparison between sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated tumours. Sarcoma. 2009;2009:756395. DOI:10.1155/2009/756395
19. Cashen DV, Parisien RC, Raskin K,et al. Survival data for patients with malignant schwannoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;426(426):69-73.
20. Martin E, Muskens IS, Coert JH, et al. Treatment and survival differences across tumor sites in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: A SEER database analysis and review of the literature. Neuro-Oncology Pract. 2019;6(2):134-43.
21. Yuan ZN, Xu LB, Zhao ZG, et al. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a retrospective study of 140 cases. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2017;39(6):439-44.
22. Kim AR, Stewart DR, Reilly KM, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors State of the Science: Leveraging Clinical and Biological Insights into Effective Therapies. Sarcoma. 2017;2017:7429697. DOI:10.1155/2017/7429697
23. Kahn J, Gillespie A, Tsokos M, et al. Radiation therapy in management of sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Front Oncol. 2014;4:324.
24. Desai KI. The surgical management of symptomatic benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the neck and extremities: An experience of 442 cases. Clin Neurosurg. 2017;81(4):568-80.
25. Kim SM, Seo SW, Lee JY, Sung KS. Surgical outcome of Schwannomas arising from major peripheral nerves in the lower limb. Int Orthop. 2012;36(8):1721-5.
26. Hajiabadi MM, Campos B, Sedlaczek O, et al. Interdisciplinary approach allows minimally invasive, nerve-sparing removal of retroperitoneal peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2020;405(2):199-205.
27. Safaee MM, Lyon R, Barbaro NM, et al. Neurological outcomes and surgical complications in 221 spinal nerve sheath tumors. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017;26(1):103-11.
28. Montano N, D'Alessandris QG, D'Ercole M, et al. Tumors of the peripheral nervous system: Analysis of prognostic factors in a series with long-term follow-up and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2016;125(2):363-71.
29. Chen J, Zheng YF, Tang SC, et al. Long-term outcomes of surgical resection with or without adjuvant therapy for treatment of primary spinal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;175:25-33.
30. Longhi A, Errani C, Magagnoli G, et al. High grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Outcome of 62 patients with localized disease and review of the literature. J Chemother. 2010;22(6):413-8.
________________________________________________
1. Hwang IK, Hahn SM, Kim HS, et al. Outcomes of treatment for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Different clinical features associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Cancer Res Treat. 2017;49(3):717-26.
2. Kolberg M, Høland M, Agesen TH, et al. Survival meta-analyses for >1800 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor patients with and without neurofibromatosis type 1. Neuro Oncol. 2013;15(2):135-47.
3. Casali PG, Abecassis N, Aro HT, et al. Soft tissue and visceral sarcomas: ESMO-EURACAN Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2018;29:iv51-67.
4. von Mehren M, Randall RL, Benjamin RS, et al. Soft tissue sarcoma, version 2.2018: Clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2018;16(5):536-63.
5. Khu KJ, Midha R. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. World Neurosurg. 2016;94:566-7.
6. Valentin T, Le Cesne A, Ray-Coquard I, et al. Management and prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: The experience of the French Sarcoma Group (GSF-GETO). Eur J Cancer. 2016;56:77-84.
7. LaFemina J, Qin LX, Moraco NH, et al. Oncologic outcomes of sporadic, neurofibromatosis-associated, and radiation-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(1):66-72.
8. Cai Z, Tang X, Liang H, et al. Prognosis and risk factors for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):1-12.
9. James AW, Shurell E, Singh A, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016;25(4):789-802.
10. Goertz O, Langer S, Uthoff D, et al. Diagnosis, treatment and survival of 65 patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Anticancer Res. 2014;34(2):777-84.
11. Pervaiz N, Colterjohn N, Farrokhyar F, et al. A systematic meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of adjuvant chemotherapy for localized resectable soft-tissue sarcoma. Cancer. 2008;113(3):573-81.
12. Zou C, Smith KD, Liu J, et al. Clinical, pathological, and molecular variables predictive of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor outcome. Ann Surg. 2009;249(6):1014-22.
13. Mowery A, Clayburgh D. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Analysis of the national cancer database. Oral Oncol. 2019;98:13-9.
14. Hirbe AC, Gutmann DH. Neurofibromatosis type 1: A multidisciplinary approach to care. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(8):834-43.
15. Miao R, Wang H, Jacobson A, et al. Radiation-induced and neurofibromatosis-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) have worse outcomes than sporadic MPNST. Radiother Oncol. 2019;137:61-70.
16. Stucky CCH, Johnson KN, Gray RJ, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNST): The Mayo Clinic experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(3):878-85.
17. Anghileri M, Miceli R, Fiore M, et al. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Prognostic factors and survival in a series of patients treated at a single institution. Cancer. 2006;107(5):1065-74.
18. Porter DE, Prasad V, Foster L, et al. Survival in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours: A comparison between sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated tumours. Sarcoma. 2009;2009:756395. DOI:10.1155/2009/756395
19. Cashen DV, Parisien RC, Raskin K,et al. Survival data for patients with malignant schwannoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;426(426):69-73.
20. Martin E, Muskens IS, Coert JH, et al. Treatment and survival differences across tumor sites in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: A SEER database analysis and review of the literature. Neuro-Oncology Pract. 2019;6(2):134-43.
21. Yuan ZN, Xu LB, Zhao ZG, et al. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a retrospective study of 140 cases. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2017;39(6):439-44.
22. Kim AR, Stewart DR, Reilly KM, et al. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors State of the Science: Leveraging Clinical and Biological Insights into Effective Therapies. Sarcoma. 2017;2017:7429697. DOI:10.1155/2017/7429697
23. Kahn J, Gillespie A, Tsokos M, et al. Radiation therapy in management of sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Front Oncol. 2014;4:324.
24. Desai KI. The surgical management of symptomatic benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the neck and extremities: An experience of 442 cases. Clin Neurosurg. 2017;81(4):568-80.
25. Kim SM, Seo SW, Lee JY, Sung KS. Surgical outcome of Schwannomas arising from major peripheral nerves in the lower limb. Int Orthop. 2012;36(8):1721-5.
26. Hajiabadi MM, Campos B, Sedlaczek O, et al. Interdisciplinary approach allows minimally invasive, nerve-sparing removal of retroperitoneal peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2020;405(2):199-205.
27. Safaee MM, Lyon R, Barbaro NM, et al. Neurological outcomes and surgical complications in 221 spinal nerve sheath tumors. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017;26(1):103-11.
28. Montano N, D'Alessandris QG, D'Ercole M, et al. Tumors of the peripheral nervous system: Analysis of prognostic factors in a series with long-term follow-up and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2016;125(2):363-71.
29. Chen J, Zheng YF, Tang SC, et al. Long-term outcomes of surgical resection with or without adjuvant therapy for treatment of primary spinal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;175:25-33.
30. Longhi A, Errani C, Magagnoli G, et al. High grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Outcome of 62 patients with localized disease and review of the literature. J Chemother. 2010;22(6):413-8.
1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБУ «Центральная клиническая больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента РФ, Москва, Россия
*AdilNGY@yandex.ru
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Adil T. Abdulzhaliev*1, Evgeny A. Sushentsov1, Irena V. Boulytcheva1, Anastasia I. Senderovich2, Maxim P. Nikulin1, Denis I. Sofronov1, Vladislav E. Bugaev1
1 Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia;
2 Central Clinical Hospital with Polyclinic, Moscow, Russia
*AdilNGY@yandex.ru