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Изолированный метастаз в кожу головы при оккультном раке молочной железы. Клинический случай
Изолированный метастаз в кожу головы при оккультном раке молочной железы. Клинический случай
Огнерубов Н.А., Сергеев Р.С., Хижняк А.О., Огнерубова М.А., Джабраилов М.А. Изолированный метастаз в кожу головы при оккультном раке молочной железы. Клинический случай. Современная Онкология. 2024;26(1):112–117. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.1.202655
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2024 г.
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.1.202655
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2024 г.
________________________________________________
DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2024.1.202655
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Аннотация
Злокачественные опухоли остаются серьезной социально-экономической проблемой здравоохранения во всем мире. Среди них рак молочной железы (РМЖ) у женщин занимает 1‑е место в структуре заболеваемости и 4‑е – смертности. Оккультный РМЖ встречается от 0,1 до 1% среди всех его случаев. При этом варианте метастазы в кожу волосистой части головы наблюдаются крайне редко. В статье представлен случай метастатического поражения кожи волосистой части головы при оккультном РМЖ. Пациентка С., 82 года, обратилась за медицинской помощью по поводу опухоли кожи в теменной области, которую обнаружила сама около 2 лет назад. В последнее время отмечает ее рост, появление локальной алопеции и гиперемии вокруг. Проведено комплексное обследование. При цитологическом исследовании пунктата из опухоли выявлены клетки злокачественного новообразования. По данным маммографии и ультразвукового исследования в молочных железах и лимфатических узлах специфических изменений не выявлено. При спиральной компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки и органов брюшной полости признаков опухоли не обнаружено. Выполнено оперативное лечение в объеме иссечения. При гистологическом исследовании – в опухоли картина метастаза аденокарциномы. Иммуногистохимическое заключение: клетки опухоли диффузно и сильно экспрессируют рецепторы эстрогенов, диффузно и слабо – рецепторы прогестерона, сильно и очагово-диффузно – раковый эмбриональный антиген (CEA), а также антиген эпителиальной мембраны (EMA). Индекс пролиферативной активности Ki‑67 – менее 20%, Her2‑neu 0. Учитывая морфологию и данные иммуногистохимического исследования, имеет место метастаз РМЖ, молекулярно-биологический вариант – люминальный тип А. При сцинтиграфии костей скелета – метастатическое поражение отсутствует. Установлен диагноз: оккультная форма РМЖ, стадия IV cTxN0M1, метастаз в кожу волосистой части головы. Назначена гормонотерапия ингибиторами ароматазы. При динамическом наблюдении на протяжении 6 мес признаков возврата заболевания нет. Изолированное метастазирование в кожу волосистой части головы при оккультном РМЖ является чрезвычайно редким явлением. Практическим врачам необходимо помнить о таком варианте отдаленного метастазирования злокачественных опухолей, что следует учитывать при проведении дифференциальной диагностики.
Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, оккультная форма, метастазы в кожу головы, хирургическое лечение, гормонотерапия
Keywords: breast cancer, occult type, scalp metastases, surgical treatment, hormone therapy
Ключевые слова: рак молочной железы, оккультная форма, метастазы в кожу головы, хирургическое лечение, гормонотерапия
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Keywords: breast cancer, occult type, scalp metastases, surgical treatment, hormone therapy
Полный текст
Список литературы
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26. Liu YF, Liu LY, Xia SL, et al. An unusual case of Scalp Metastasis from Breast Cancer. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:261‑5.
27. Allison R, Mang T, Hewson G, et al. Photodynamic therapy for chest wall progression from breast carcinoma is an underutilized treatment modality. Cancer. 2001;91(1):1-8. DOI:10.1002/1097‑0142(20010101)91:1<1:: AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-P
28. Nelson DW, Fischer TD, Graff-Baker AN, et al. Impact of effective systemic therapy on metastasectomy in stage IV melanoma: a matched-pair analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2019;26(13):4610-8. DOI:10.1245/s10434‑019‑07487‑5
29. Enomoto LM, Levine EA, Shen P, Votanopoulos KI. Role of surgery for metastatic melanoma. Surg Clin North Am. 2020;100(1):127-39. DOI:10.1016/j.suc.2019.09.011
30. Hu SCS, Chen GS, Lu YW, et al. Cutaneous metastases from different internal malignancies: a clinical and prognostic appraisal. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22(6):735-40. DOI:10.1111/j.1468‑3083.2008.02590.x
31. Poovaneswaran S, Lee ZEJ, Lim WY, et al. Cutaneous lesions as a presenting sign of metastases in male breast cancer: a rare clinical entity. Med J Malaysia. 2013;68(2):168-70. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84876905197%26partnerID=40%26md5=b4d2aacf84d1461.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
32. Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Barba M, Vici P. Unusual long-lasting cutaneous complete response to lapatinib and capecitabine in a heavily pretreated HER2-positive plurimetastatic breast cancer paient. Tumori. 2013;99(3): e127-30. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84886056753%26partnerID=40%26md5=b04f94305a41606.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
33. Takayama S, Satomi K, Yoshida M, et al. Spontaneous regression of occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019;63:75‑9. DOI:10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.09.017
2. Chiu CS, Lin CY, Kuo TT, et al. Malignant cutaneous tumors of the scalp: a study of demographic characteristics and histologic distributions of 398 Taiwanese patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(3):448‑52. DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2006.08.060
3. da Costa REAR, Dos Reis CA, Moura RD, et al. Cutaneous metastasis of occult breast cancer: a case report. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;40:23. DOI:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.23.31009
4. Giovanna FM, Plutino FM, Turano L, et al. Isolated cutaneous metastasis of scalp in breast cancer: A case-report. Oncol Radiother. 2023;17(1):13‑7.
5. Fayanju OM, Jeffe DB, Margenthaler JA. Occult primary breast cancer at a comprehensive cancer center. J Surg Res. 2013;185(2):684‑9. DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2013.06.020
6. Di Chio F, Santangelo G, Fiorentino F, et al. Occult breast cancer in a female with benign lesions. J Cancer Res Ther. 2019;15(5):1170‑2.
7. Kaklamani Kaklamani VV, Gradishar WW. Waltham; 2022. UpToDate. Axillary node metastases with occult primary breast cancer.
8. Terada M, Adachi Y, Sawaki M, et al. Occult breast cancer may originate from ectopic breast tissue present in axillary lymph nodes. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;172(1):1‑7. DOI:10.1007/s10549‑018‑4898‑4
9. Moore S. Cutaneous metastatic breast cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2002;6(5):255‑60. DOI:10.1188/02.CJON.255‑260
10. Chisti MA, Alfadley AA, Banka N, Ezzat A. Cutaneous metastasis from breast carcinoma: a brief report of a rare variant and proposed morphological classification. Gulf J Oncol. 2013;1(14):90-4. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84910067414%26partnerID=40%26md5=e5a9e8bcbddbf61.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
11. Alizadeh N, Mirpour H, Azimi SZ. Scalp metastasis from occult primary breast carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2018;4(4):230‑5.
12. Khodorovich ОS, Solodkiy VA, Kalinina-Masri AA, et al. Occult breast cancer. Literature review and case series. Tumors of female reproductive system. 2020;16(4):46‑53 (in Russian). DOI:10.17650/1994‑4098‑2020‑16‑4–46‑53
13. Aleman Espino A, Bernal IC, Guarecuco JE, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the Breast Presenting as Occult Breast Cancer With Axillary and Supraclavicular Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023;15(5): e39583. DOI:10.7759/cureus.39583
14. Globocan cancer observatory, 2022. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/Accessed: 10.09.2023.
15. Bittencourt MJS, Carvalho AH, Nascimento BA, et al. Cutaneous metastasis of a breast cancer diagnosed 13 years before. An Bras Dermatol. 2015;90:134‑7.
16. Huang S, Parekh V, Waisman J et al. Cutaneous metastasectomy: Is there a role in breast cancer? A systematic review and overview of current treatment modalities. J Surg Oncol. 2022;126(2):217‑38. DOI:10.1002/jso.26870
17. Ferreira VA, Spelta K, Martins Diniz L, Lucas EA. Exuberant case of cutaneous metastasis of breast cancer. An Bras Dermatol. 2018;93:429‑31.
18. Kuwayama T, Sato T, Nakagawa T, et al. A case of scalp metastases from breast cancer successfully treated with letrozole. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2011;38(12):2183‑5.
19. Cohen-Kurzrock RA, Riahi RR. Cutaneous Metastatic Breast Cancer Masked by Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Cureus. 2021;13(1):e12862. DOI:10.7759/cureus.12862
20. Huang KY, Zhang J, Fu WF, et al. Different Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors for Occult and Non-occult Breast Cancer: Analysis of the SEER Database. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1420. DOI:10.3389/fonc.2020.01420
21. Paolino G, Pampena R, Grassi S, et al. Alopecia neoplastica as a sign of visceral malignancies: a systematic review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(6):1020‑8. DOI:10.1111/jdv.15498
22. Rocha M, Azevedo D, Teira A, Barbosa M. Not everything is as it seems: a rare form of metastatic breast cancer. Autops Case Rep. 2019;9(2):e2018085. DOI:10.4322/acr.2018.085
23. Henriques L, Palumbo M, Guay MP, et al. Imiquimod in the treatment of breast cancer skin metastasis. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(8): e22-5. DOI:0.1200/JCO.2012.46.4883
24. Kong JH, Park YH, Kim JA, et al. Patterns of skin and soft tissue metastases from breast cancer according to subtypes: relationship between EGFR overexpression and skin manifestations. Oncology. 2011;81(1):55-62. DOI:10.1159/000331417
25. Rollins-Raval M, Chivukula M, Tseng GC, et al. An immunohistochemical panel to differentiate metastatic breast carcinoma to skin from primary sweat gland carcinomas with a review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135(8):975‑83. DOI:10.5858/2009‑0445-OAR2
26. Liu YF, Liu LY, Xia SL, et al. An unusual case of Scalp Metastasis from Breast Cancer. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:261‑5.
27. Allison R, Mang T, Hewson G, et al. Photodynamic therapy for chest wall progression from breast carcinoma is an underutilized treatment modality. Cancer. 2001;91(1):1-8. DOI:10.1002/1097‑0142(20010101)91:1<1:: AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-P
28. Nelson DW, Fischer TD, Graff-Baker AN, et al. Impact of effective systemic therapy on metastasectomy in stage IV melanoma: a matched-pair analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2019;26(13):4610-8. DOI:10.1245/s10434‑019‑07487‑5
29. Enomoto LM, Levine EA, Shen P, Votanopoulos KI. Role of surgery for metastatic melanoma. Surg Clin North Am. 2020;100(1):127-39. DOI:10.1016/j.suc.2019.09.011
30. Hu SCS, Chen GS, Lu YW, et al. Cutaneous metastases from different internal malignancies: a clinical and prognostic appraisal. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22(6):735-40. DOI:10.1111/j.1468‑3083.2008.02590.x
31. Poovaneswaran S, Lee ZEJ, Lim WY, et al. Cutaneous lesions as a presenting sign of metastases in male breast cancer: a rare clinical entity. Med J Malaysia. 2013;68(2):168-70. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84876905197%26partnerID=40%26md5=b4d2aacf84d1461.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
32. Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Barba M, Vici P. Unusual long-lasting cutaneous complete response to lapatinib and capecitabine in a heavily pretreated HER2-positive plurimetastatic breast cancer paient. Tumori. 2013;99(3): e127-30. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84886056753%26partnerID=40%26md5=b04f94305a41606.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
33. Takayama S, Satomi K, Yoshida M, et al. Spontaneous regression of occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019;63:75‑9. DOI:10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.09.017
2. Chiu CS, Lin CY, Kuo TT, et al. Malignant cutaneous tumors of the scalp: a study of demographic characteristics and histologic distributions of 398 Taiwanese patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(3):448‑52. DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2006.08.060
3. da Costa REAR, Dos Reis CA, Moura RD, et al. Cutaneous metastasis of occult breast cancer: a case report. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;40:23. DOI:10.11604/pamj.2021.40.23.31009
4. Giovanna FM, Plutino FM, Turano L, et al. Isolated cutaneous metastasis of scalp in breast cancer: A case-report. Oncol Radiother. 2023;17(1):13‑7.
5. Fayanju OM, Jeffe DB, Margenthaler JA. Occult primary breast cancer at a comprehensive cancer center. J Surg Res. 2013;185(2):684‑9. DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2013.06.020
6. Di Chio F, Santangelo G, Fiorentino F, et al. Occult breast cancer in a female with benign lesions. J Cancer Res Ther. 2019;15(5):1170‑2.
7. Kaklamani Kaklamani VV, Gradishar WW. Waltham; 2022. UpToDate. Axillary node metastases with occult primary breast cancer.
8. Terada M, Adachi Y, Sawaki M, et al. Occult breast cancer may originate from ectopic breast tissue present in axillary lymph nodes. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;172(1):1‑7. DOI:10.1007/s10549‑018‑4898‑4
9. Moore S. Cutaneous metastatic breast cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2002;6(5):255‑60. DOI:10.1188/02.CJON.255‑260
10. Chisti MA, Alfadley AA, Banka N, Ezzat A. Cutaneous metastasis from breast carcinoma: a brief report of a rare variant and proposed morphological classification. Gulf J Oncol. 2013;1(14):90-4. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84910067414%26partnerID=40%26md5=e5a9e8bcbddbf61.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
11. Alizadeh N, Mirpour H, Azimi SZ. Scalp metastasis from occult primary breast carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2018;4(4):230‑5.
12. Ходорович О.С., Солодкий В.А., Калинина-Масри А.А., и др. Оккультный рак молочной железы. Обзор литературы и клинические примеры. Опухоли женской репродуктивной системы. 2020;16(4):46‑53 [Khodorovich ОS, Solodkiy VA, Kalinina-Masri AA, et al. Occult breast cancer. Literature review and case series. Tumors of female reproductive system. 2020;16(4):46‑53 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.17650/1994‑4098‑2020‑16‑4–46‑53
13. Aleman Espino A, Bernal IC, Guarecuco JE, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the Breast Presenting as Occult Breast Cancer With Axillary and Supraclavicular Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report. Cureus. 2023;15(5): e39583. DOI:10.7759/cureus.39583
14. Globocan cancer observatory, 2022. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/Accessed: 10.09.2023.
15. Bittencourt MJS, Carvalho AH, Nascimento BA, et al. Cutaneous metastasis of a breast cancer diagnosed 13 years before. An Bras Dermatol. 2015;90:134‑7.
16. Huang S, Parekh V, Waisman J et al. Cutaneous metastasectomy: Is there a role in breast cancer? A systematic review and overview of current treatment modalities. J Surg Oncol. 2022;126(2):217‑38. DOI:10.1002/jso.26870
17. Ferreira VA, Spelta K, Martins Diniz L, Lucas EA. Exuberant case of cutaneous metastasis of breast cancer. An Bras Dermatol. 2018;93:429‑31.
18. Kuwayama T, Sato T, Nakagawa T, et al. A case of scalp metastases from breast cancer successfully treated with letrozole. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2011;38(12):2183‑5.
19. Cohen-Kurzrock RA, Riahi RR. Cutaneous Metastatic Breast Cancer Masked by Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Cureus. 2021;13(1):e12862. DOI:10.7759/cureus.12862
20. Huang KY, Zhang J, Fu WF, et al. Different Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors for Occult and Non-occult Breast Cancer: Analysis of the SEER Database. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1420. DOI:10.3389/fonc.2020.01420
21. Paolino G, Pampena R, Grassi S, et al. Alopecia neoplastica as a sign of visceral malignancies: a systematic review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(6):1020‑8. DOI:10.1111/jdv.15498
22. Rocha M, Azevedo D, Teira A, Barbosa M. Not everything is as it seems: a rare form of metastatic breast cancer. Autops Case Rep. 2019;9(2):e2018085. DOI:10.4322/acr.2018.085
23. Henriques L, Palumbo M, Guay MP, et al. Imiquimod in the treatment of breast cancer skin metastasis. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(8): e22-5. DOI:0.1200/JCO.2012.46.4883
24. Kong JH, Park YH, Kim JA, et al. Patterns of skin and soft tissue metastases from breast cancer according to subtypes: relationship between EGFR overexpression and skin manifestations. Oncology. 2011;81(1):55-62. DOI:10.1159/000331417
25. Rollins-Raval M, Chivukula M, Tseng GC, et al. An immunohistochemical panel to differentiate metastatic breast carcinoma to skin from primary sweat gland carcinomas with a review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135(8):975‑83. DOI:10.5858/2009‑0445-OAR2
26. Liu YF, Liu LY, Xia SL, et al. An unusual case of Scalp Metastasis from Breast Cancer. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:261‑5.
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26. Liu YF, Liu LY, Xia SL, et al. An unusual case of Scalp Metastasis from Breast Cancer. World Neurosurg. 2020;137:261‑5.
27. Allison R, Mang T, Hewson G, et al. Photodynamic therapy for chest wall progression from breast carcinoma is an underutilized treatment modality. Cancer. 2001;91(1):1-8. DOI:10.1002/1097‑0142(20010101)91:1<1:: AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-P
28. Nelson DW, Fischer TD, Graff-Baker AN, et al. Impact of effective systemic therapy on metastasectomy in stage IV melanoma: a matched-pair analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2019;26(13):4610-8. DOI:10.1245/s10434‑019‑07487‑5
29. Enomoto LM, Levine EA, Shen P, Votanopoulos KI. Role of surgery for metastatic melanoma. Surg Clin North Am. 2020;100(1):127-39. DOI:10.1016/j.suc.2019.09.011
30. Hu SCS, Chen GS, Lu YW, et al. Cutaneous metastases from different internal malignancies: a clinical and prognostic appraisal. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22(6):735-40. DOI:10.1111/j.1468‑3083.2008.02590.x
31. Poovaneswaran S, Lee ZEJ, Lim WY, et al. Cutaneous lesions as a presenting sign of metastases in male breast cancer: a rare clinical entity. Med J Malaysia. 2013;68(2):168-70. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84876905197%26partnerID=40%26md5=b4d2aacf84d1461.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
32. Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Barba M, Vici P. Unusual long-lasting cutaneous complete response to lapatinib and capecitabine in a heavily pretreated HER2-positive plurimetastatic breast cancer paient. Tumori. 2013;99(3): e127-30. Available at: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2‑s2.0‑84886056753%26partnerID=40%26md5=b04f94305a41606.... Accessed: 05.09.2023
33. Takayama S, Satomi K, Yoshida M, et al. Spontaneous regression of occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019;63:75‑9. DOI:10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.09.017
Авторы
Н.А. Огнерубов*1, Р.С. Сергеев2, А.О. Хижняк3, М.А. Огнерубова3, М.А. Джабраилов3,4
1Пензенский институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Пенза, Россия;
2ГБУЗ «Областной онкологический клинический диспансер», Пенза, Россия;
3ГБУЗ «Тамбовский областной онкологический клинический диспансер», Тамбов, Россия;
4ФГБОУ ВО «Тамбовский государственный университет им. Г.Р. Державина», Тамбов, Россия
*ognerubov_n.a@mail.ru
1Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians – branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Penza, Russia;
2Regional Oncological Clinical Dispensary, Penza, Russia;
3Tambov Regional Oncological Clinical Dispensary, Tambov, Russia;
4Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia
*ognerubov_n.a@mail.ru
1Пензенский институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Пенза, Россия;
2ГБУЗ «Областной онкологический клинический диспансер», Пенза, Россия;
3ГБУЗ «Тамбовский областной онкологический клинический диспансер», Тамбов, Россия;
4ФГБОУ ВО «Тамбовский государственный университет им. Г.Р. Державина», Тамбов, Россия
*ognerubov_n.a@mail.ru
________________________________________________
1Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians – branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Penza, Russia;
2Regional Oncological Clinical Dispensary, Penza, Russia;
3Tambov Regional Oncological Clinical Dispensary, Tambov, Russia;
4Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia
*ognerubov_n.a@mail.ru
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