Vasiltseva O.Ya., Vorozhtsova I.N., Bukhovets I.L., et al. Typical errors pulmonary artery verification on the example of a clinical case. Therapeutic Archive. 2020; 92 (4): 80–83. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.04.000516
Vasiltseva O.Ya., Vorozhtsova I.N., Bukhovets I.L., et al. Typical errors pulmonary artery verification on the example of a clinical case. Therapeutic Archive. 2020; 92 (4): 80–83. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.04.000516
Ввиду неспецифической клинической картины случаи долгого и трудного пути к верификации тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) не являются эксклюзивными. В крупных исследованиях показано, что наиболее частый симптом легочной эмболии – одышка. Однако далеко не всегда она ассоциируется у врачей разных специальностей с необходимостью исключить этот диагноз, целенаправленно собрать анамнез, выявить факторы риска. Современные низкодозовые пероральные контрацептивы считаются достаточно благополучными с точки зрения развития тромботических осложнений и вызывают незначительное (на 10–20%) увеличение концентрации фибриногена, факторов VII, VIII и X, а также снижение содержания активного протеина S на 10–20%. Но в случае наличия заболеваний и состояний, повышающих риск венозной эмболии, этого влияния может оказаться достаточно для реализации жизнеугрожающей ТЭЛА. В связи с этим важно предусмотреть сочетанное влияние на прогноз имеющейся у пациентов патологии и выбираемого способа контрацепции.
The difficulties of verification of pulmonary embolism (PE) are well known and have not been overcome to date, despite significant progress in approaches to managing patients with this pathology over the past 10–15 years. Due to the nonspecific clinical picture, cases of a long and difficult journey to this diagnosis are not exclusive. In large studies have shown that the most frequent symptom of pulmonary embolism – shortness of breath. However, it is not always associated with doctors of different specialties with the need to exclude this diagnosis, purposefully collect anamnesis, identify risk factors. Modern low-dose oral contraceptives are considered quite prosperous in terms of the development of thrombotic complications and cause a slight (10–20%) increase in fibrinogen concentration, factors VII, VIII and X, as well as a decrease in the content of active protein S by 10–20%. But in the case of the presence of diseases and conditions that increase the risk of venous embolism, this effect may be sufficient for the realization of life-threatening pulmonary embolism. In this regard, it is important to provide a combined effect on the prognosis of the pathology of the patients and the chosen method of contraception.
Keywords: pulmonary embolism, oral contraceptives, risk factors for pulmonary embolism.
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1. Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic complications. Phlebology. 2015;9(4)2:3-52 (In Russ.)
2. Konstantinides SV, Torbicki A, Agnelli G, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Eur Heart J. 2014;35(43):3033-73. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu283
3. Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Respir J. 2019;Aug 31. pii: 1901647. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01647-2019
4. The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Health of Russia). Clinical guidelines (Protocol). Prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in obstetrics and gynecology. Moscow, 2014 (In Russ.)
5. Order of the Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development of the Russian Federation No.446 dated June 27, 2007. “On approving the standard of medical care for patients with pulmonary thromboembolism with reference to an acute pulmonary heart (when providing specialized care)”. Moscow, 2007 (In Russ.)
6. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 918n dated November 15, 2012 “On approval of the Procedure for rendering medical care to patients with cardiovascular diseases”. Moscow, 2012 (In Russ.)
7. Order of the Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development of the Russian Federation No.873n of November 9, 2012 “On approval of the standard of specialized medical care for pulmonary thromboembolism”. Moscow, 2013 (In Russ.)
8. Kemmeren JM, Algra A, Meijers JC, et al. Effect of second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on the protein C system in the absence or presence of the factor V Leiden mutation: a randomized trial. Blood. 2004;103(3):927-33. doi: 10.1182/blood-2003-04-1285
9. Eilertsen AL, Hoibraaten E, Os I, et al. The effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy on C-reactive protein levels and other inflammatory markers in women with high risk of thrombosis. Maturitas. 2005;52(2):111-8. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.01.004
10. Middeldorp S. Oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thromboembolism. Gend Med. 2005;2(Suppl A):S3-S9. doi: 10.1016/s1550-8579(05)80059-2
11. Post MS, Christella M, Thomassen LG, et al. Effect of oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on hemostatic variables associated with venous thrombosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23(6):1116-21. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000074146.36646.C8
12. Komarov AL, Shakhmatova OO, Rebrikov DV, et al. The influence of genetic factors associated with thrombosis on the long-term prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease. Racionalnaya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii. 2011;7(4):409-25 (In Russ.) doi: 10.20996/1819-6446-2011-7-4-4-409-425
13. Stevens SM, Woller SC, Bauer KA, et al. Guidance for the evaluation and treatment of hereditary and acquired thrombophilia. J Thromb Thrombo-lysis. 2016;41(1):154-64. doi: 10.1007/s11239-015-1316-1
14. Vasil'ceva OYa, Vorozhcova IN, Krestinin AV, Karpov RS. Thromboembolism of the branches of the pulmonary artery according to the Tomsk Hospitals Register. Clinical medicine. 2013;3:28-31 (In Russ.)
1 ФГБУН «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр» Российской академии наук, Томск, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Томск, Россия