1. Верткин А.Л., Зайратянц О.В., Вовк Е.И. Тяжелая внебольничная пневмония как важная причина летального исхода в стационаре. В кн.: Окончательный диагноз. М., 2009; с. 30-36 [Vertkin AL Zayratyants OV, Vovk EI Severe community-acquired pneumonia as an important cause of death in the hospital. In: Final diagnosis. М., 2009; p. 30-36 (In Russ.)].
2. Чучалин А.Г., Синопальников А.И., Козлов Р.С. и др. Внебольничная пневмония у взрослых: практические рекомендации по диагностике, лечению и профилактике. Пособие для врачей. М., 2010 [Chuchalin AG, Sinopalnikov AI, Kozlov RS, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in adults: practical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. A manual for doctors. M., 2010 (In Russ.)].
3. Колендо С.Е., Антошина Ю.А., Дворецкий Л.И. Некоторые вопросы диагностики туберкулеза легких в многопрофильной больнице. Пульмонология. 2000;1: 35-41 [Kolendo S, Antoshina Yu, Dvoretsky L. Some questions of the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a multidisciplinary hospital. Pulmonologija. 2000;1:35-41(In Russ.)].
4. Дворецкий Л.И., Борисов С.Е., Налиткина А.А. Как диагностируют легочный туберкулез в многопрофильных стационарах общей лечебной сети? Consilium Medicum. 2009;3:14-20 [Dvoretsky L, Borisov S, Nalitkina A. How is pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed in the multidisciplinary hospitals of the general medical network? Consilium Medicum. 2009;3:14-20 (In Russ.)].
5. Гунтупова Л.Д., Борисов С.Е., Соловьева И.П. и др. Микобактериозы во фтизиопульмонологической практике: обзор литературы и собственный опыт. Практическая медицина. 2011;3: (51):39-50 [Guntupova L, Borisov S, Solovyova I. Mycobacteriosis in phthisiopulmonological practice: a review of literature and personal experience. Practicheskaya meditsina. 2011;3(51):39-50 (In Russ.)].
6. Белов Б.С., Тарасова Г.М. Инфекционный эндокардит в практике ревматолога: вопросы клинической картины и диагностики. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2015;53(3):289-98 [Belov B, Tarasova G. Infectious endocarditis in rheumatologist practice: questions of clinical picture and diagnosis. Nauchnaya I prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2015;53(3):289-98 (In Russ.)].
7. Fernández Guerrero M, Álvarez B, Manzarbeitia F, Renedo G. Infective endocarditis at autopsy: a review of pathologic manifestations and clinical correlates. Medicine (Baltimore). 2012;91(3):152-64.
8. Korf C, Cune A, Flueckiger U, et al. 10 years of infective endocarditis in Germany - a comparison of the ALKK- and the ZEN-registry. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:781.
9. Зайратьянц О.В. Инфекционный эндокардит: этиология, патогенез, классификация, патологическая анатомия. Врач скорой помощи. 2014;6:36-43 [Zayratyants O. Infective endocarditis: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, pathological anatomy. Vrach skoroi pomoshchi. 2014;6:36-43 (In Russ.)].
10. Рекомендации ESC по ведению больных с инфекционным эндокардитом 2015. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;5(133):65-116 [ESC recommendations on management of patients with infectious endocarditis 2015. Rosiiskii Kardiologicheskii zhurnal. 2016;5(133):65-116 (In Russ.)].
11. Sohail M, Uslan D, Khan A. Management and outcome of permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infections. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1851-9. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.072
12. Baddour L, Epstein A, Erickson C. Update on cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and their management. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121:458-47. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192665
13. Eggimann P, Waldvogel F. Infections associated with indwelling medical devices. In: Waldvogel FA, Bisno AL, eds. Pacemaker and defibrillator infections; 2000, p. 247.
14. Благова О.В., Осипова Ю.А., Недоступ А.В., Коган Е.А., Сулимов В.А. Клинические, лабораторные и инструментальные критерии миокардита, установленные в сопоставлении с биопсийным исследованием миокарда (алгоритм неинвазивной диагностики). Терапевтический архив. 2017;89(9):30-40 [Blagova O.V., Osipova Yu.A., Nedostup A.V., Kogan Ye.A., Sulimov V.A. Klinicheskiye, laboratornyye i instrumental'nyye kriterii miokardita, ustanovlennyye v sopostavlenii s biopsiynym issledovaniyem miokarda (algoritm neinvazivnoy diagnostiki. Ter Arkh. 2017;89(9):30-40 (In Russ.)]. doi:10.17116/terarkh201789930-40 
15. Благова О.В., Недоступ А.В., Коган Е.А., Сулимов В.А. Эффективность иммуносупрессивной терапии у вирус-негативных и вируспозитивных больных с морфологически верифицированным лимфоцитарным миокардитом. Терапевтический архив. 2017;89(8):57-67 [Blagova O.V., Nedostup A.V., Kogan Ye.A., Sulimov V.A. Effektivnost' immunosupressivnoy terapii u virus-negativnykh i viruspozitivnykh bol'nykh s morfologicheski verifitsirovannym limfotsitarnym miokarditom. Ter Arkh. 2017;89(8):57-67 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.17116/terarkh201789857-67
16. Hadigan С, Paules С, Fauci А. Association Between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Cardiovascular Diseases Finding a Solution to Double Jeopardy. JAMA Cardiology. 2017;2(2):123. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5177
17. LeWinter М. Evaluation and Treatment of Pericarditis. A Systematic Review. JAMA. 2015;314(14):1498-506. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12763
18. Брико Н.И. Стерептококковая (группы А) инфекция: взгляд на ситуацию, сложившуюся к началу XXI века. Врач. 2000;8:19-22 [Briko N. Streptococcal (group A) infection: a look at the situation that developed by the beginning of the XXI century. Vrach. 2000;8:19-22 (In Russ.)].
19. Аснер Т.В., Калягин А.Н. Современные аспекты урогенных реактивных артритов (эпидемиология,патогенез,клиника). Сибирский медицинский журнал. 2010;1:134 [Asner T, Kalyagin A. Modern aspects of urogenital reactive arthritis (epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic). Sibirskii Meditsinskii Zhurnal. 2010;1:134 (In Russ.)].
20. Белов Б. С. Бактериальный (септический) артрит и инфекция протезированного сустава: современные аспекты. Современная ревматология. 2010;4(3):10-7 [Belov B. Bacterial (septic) arthritis and infection of the prosthetic joint: modern aspects. Sovremennaya revmatologiya. 2010;4(3):10-7 (In Russ.)]. doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2010-613
21. Ананьева Л.П. Иксодовые клещевые боррелиозы (Болезнь Лайма) в практике терапевта. Российский медицинский журнал. 2007;1:37-41 [Ananyeva L. Iksodid tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease) in the practice of the therapist. Rosiiskii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2007;1:37-41 (In Russ.)].
22. Бурневич Э., Лопаткина Т. Системные проявления первичного билиарного цирроза. Врач. 2008;8:22-6 [Burnevitch E, Lopatkina T. Systemic manifestations of primary biliary cirrhosis. Vrach. 2008;8: 22-6 (In Russ.)].
23. Добронравов В.А., Дунаева Н.В. Поражение почек и хронический вирусный гепатит С. Нефрология. 2008;12(4):9-19 [Dobronravov V, Dunaeva N. Renal damage and chronic viral hepatitis C. Nefrologiya. 2008;12(4):9-19 (In Russ.)].
24. Kahloun A, Babba T, Fathallah B, Ghozzi M, Ezzine H, Said Y, Azzouz M. Prevalence of extra-hepatic manifestations in infection with hepatitis C virus: study of 140 cases. Tunis Med. 2011;89(6):557-60.
25. Ферри С. Смешанная криоглобулинемия. Нефрология. 2010; 14(1):11-28 [Ferry S. Mixed cryoglobulinemia. Nefrologiya. 2010;14(1):11-28 (In Russ.)].
26. Крель П.Е., Цинзерлинг О.Д. Внепеченочная локализация вируса гепатита С: особенности клинических проявлений и прогностическая значимость. Терапевтический архив. 2009;11: 63-8 [Kreel P, Zinserling O. Extrahepatic localization of the hepatitis C virus: features of clinical manifestations and prognostic significance. Terapevticheskii arhiv. 2009;11:63-8 (In Russ.)].
27. Еремина Е.Ю. Болезнь Вильсона–Коновалова. Вестник современной клинической медицины. 2011;1:38-46 [Eremin EYu. Wilson–Konovalov's disease. Vestnik Sovremennoi Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. 2011;1:38-46 (In Russ.)].
28. Hagymási K, Tulassay Z. Helicobacter pylori infection: new pathogenetic and clinical aspects. World J Gastroenterol. 2014; 20(21):6386-99. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6386
29. Hershko C, Hoffbrand A, Keret D, Souroujon M, Maschler I, Monselise Y, Lahad A. Role of autoimmune gastritis, Helicobacter pylori and celiac disease in refractory or unexplained iron deficiency anemia. Haematologica. 2005;90(5):585.
30. Frydman G, Davis N, Beck P, Fox J. Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Review and the Role of Biogeography. Helicobacter. 2015Aug;20(4):239-51. doi: 10.1111/hel.12200
31. Franchini M, Veneri D. Helicobacter pylori-associated immune thrombocytopenia. Platelets. 2006;17(2):71-7. doi:10.1080/09537100500438057
32. Зырянов С.К. Галеева Ж.А., Белоусов Ю.Б. Пробиотики, пребиотики и антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея: правда и мифы. Практическая пульмонология. 2015;2:38-40 [Zyryanov S, Galeeva Zh, Belousov Yu. Probiotics, prebiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: truth and myths. Prakticheskaya pulmonologiya. 2015;2:38-40 (In Russ.)].
33. Angus D, Linde-Zwirble W, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky M. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001; 29:1303-10. doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002 
34. Winters B, Eberlein M, Leung J, Needham D, Pronovost P, Sevransky J. Long-term mortality and quality of life in sepsis: a systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1276-83. PMID:20308885
35. Rohde J, Odden A, Bonham C, Kuhn L, Malani P, Chen L, Flanders S, Iwashyna T. The epidemiology of acute organ system dysfunction from severe sepsis outside of the intensive care unit. J Hosp Med. 2013; 8:243-7. doi.org/10.1002/ jhm.2012
36. Becker K, Snider R, Nylen E. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:941-52. doi.org/10.1097/ CCM.0B013E318165 BABB
37. Hoeboer S, van der Geest P, Nieboer D, Groeneveld A. The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin for bacteraemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015;21:474-81. doi.org/10.1016/ j.cmi.2014.12.026

________________________________________________

1. [Vertkin AL Zayratyants OV, Vovk EI Severe community-acquired pneumonia as an important cause of death in the hospital. In: Final diagnosis. М., 2009; p. 30-36 (In Russ.)].
2. [Chuchalin AG, Sinopalnikov AI, Kozlov RS, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in adults: practical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. A manual for doctors. M., 2010 (In Russ.)].
3. [Kolendo S, Antoshina Yu, Dvoretsky L. Some questions of the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a multidisciplinary hospital. Pulmonologija. 2000;1:35-41(In Russ.)].
4. [Dvoretsky L, Borisov S, Nalitkina A. How is pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed in the multidisciplinary hospitals of the general medical network? Consilium Medicum. 2009;3:14-20 (In Russ.)].
5. [Guntupova L, Borisov S, Solovyova I. Mycobacteriosis in phthisiopulmonological practice: a review of literature and personal experience. Practicheskaya meditsina. 2011;3(51):39-50 (In Russ.)].
6. [Belov B, Tarasova G. Infectious endocarditis in rheumatologist practice: questions of clinical picture and diagnosis. Nauchnaya I prakticheskaya revmatologiya. 2015;53(3):289-98 (In Russ.)].
7. Fernández Guerrero M, Álvarez B, Manzarbeitia F, Renedo G. Infective endocarditis at autopsy: a review of pathologic manifestations and clinical correlates. Medicine (Baltimore). 2012;91(3):152-64.
8. Korf C, Cune A, Flueckiger U, et al. 10 years of infective endocarditis in Germany - a comparison of the ALKK- and the ZEN-registry. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:781.
9. [Zayratyants O. Infective endocarditis: etiology, pathogenesis, classification, pathological anatomy. Vrach skoroi pomoshchi. 2014;6:36-43 (In Russ.)].
10. Рекомендации ESC по ведению больных с инфекционным эндокардитом 2015. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;5(133):65-116 [ESC recommendations on management of patients with infectious endocarditis 2015. Rosiiskii Kardiologicheskii zhurnal. 2016;5(133):65-116 (In Russ.)].
11. Sohail M, Uslan D, Khan A. Management and outcome of permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infections. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1851-9. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.072
12. Baddour L, Epstein A, Erickson C. Update on cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and their management. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121:458-47. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192665
13. Eggimann P, Waldvogel F. Infections associated with indwelling medical devices. In: Waldvogel FA, Bisno AL, eds. Pacemaker and defibrillator infections; 2000, p. 247.
14.[Blagova O.V., Osipova Yu.A., Nedostup A.V., Kogan Ye.A., Sulimov V.A. Klinicheskiye, laboratornyye i instrumental'nyye kriterii miokardita, ustanovlennyye v sopostavlenii s biopsiynym issledovaniyem miokarda (algoritm neinvazivnoy diagnostiki. Ter Arkh. 2017;89(9):30-40 (In Russ.)]. doi:10.17116/terarkh201789930-40 
15. [Blagova O.V., Nedostup A.V., Kogan Ye.A., Sulimov V.A. Effektivnost' immunosupressivnoy terapii u virus-negativnykh i viruspozitivnykh bol'nykh s morfologicheski verifitsirovannym limfotsitarnym miokarditom. Ter Arkh. 2017;89(8):57-67 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.17116/terarkh201789857-67
16. Hadigan С, Paules С, Fauci А. Association Between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Cardiovascular Diseases Finding a Solution to Double Jeopardy. JAMA Cardiology. 2017;2(2):123. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5177
17. LeWinter М. Evaluation and Treatment of Pericarditis. A Systematic Review. JAMA. 2015;314(14):1498-506. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.12763
18. [Briko N. Streptococcal (group A) infection: a look at the situation that developed by the beginning of the XXI century. Vrach. 2000;8:19-22 (In Russ.)].
19. [Asner T, Kalyagin A. Modern aspects of urogenital reactive arthritis (epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic). Sibirskii Meditsinskii Zhurnal. 2010;1:134 (In Russ.)].
20. [Belov B. Bacterial (septic) arthritis and infection of the prosthetic joint: modern aspects. Sovremennaya revmatologiya. 2010;4(3):10-7 (In Russ.)]. doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2010-613
21. [Ananyeva L. Iksodid tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme disease) in the practice of the therapist. Rosiiskii meditsinskii zhurnal. 2007;1:37-41 (In Russ.)].
22. [Burnevitch E, Lopatkina T. Systemic manifestations of primary biliary cirrhosis. Vrach. 2008;8: 22-6 (In Russ.)].
23. [Dobronravov V, Dunaeva N. Renal damage and chronic viral hepatitis C. Nefrologiya. 2008;12(4):9-19 (In Russ.)].
24. Kahloun A, Babba T, Fathallah B, Ghozzi M, Ezzine H, Said Y, Azzouz M. Prevalence of extra-hepatic manifestations in infection with hepatitis C virus: study of 140 cases. Tunis Med. 2011;89(6):557-60.
25. [Ferry S. Mixed cryoglobulinemia. Nefrologiya. 2010;14(1):11-28 (In Russ.)].
26. [Kreel P, Zinserling O. Extrahepatic localization of the hepatitis C virus: features of clinical manifestations and prognostic significance. Terapevticheskii arhiv. 2009;11:63-8 (In Russ.)].
27. [Eremin EYu. Wilson–Konovalov's disease. Vestnik Sovremennoi Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. 2011;1:38-46 (In Russ.)].
28. Hagymási K, Tulassay Z. Helicobacter pylori infection: new pathogenetic and clinical aspects. World J Gastroenterol. 2014; 20(21):6386-99. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6386
29. Hershko C, Hoffbrand A, Keret D, Souroujon M, Maschler I, Monselise Y, Lahad A. Role of autoimmune gastritis, Helicobacter pylori and celiac disease in refractory or unexplained iron deficiency anemia. Haematologica. 2005;90(5):585.
30. Frydman G, Davis N, Beck P, Fox J. Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Review and the Role of Biogeography. Helicobacter. 2015Aug;20(4):239-51. doi: 10.1111/hel.12200
31. Franchini M, Veneri D. Helicobacter pylori-associated immune thrombocytopenia. Platelets. 2006;17(2):71-7. doi:10.1080/09537100500438057
32. [Zyryanov S, Galeeva Zh, Belousov Yu. Probiotics, prebiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: truth and myths. Prakticheskaya pulmonologiya. 2015;2:38-40 (In Russ.)].
33. Angus D, Linde-Zwirble W, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky M. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001; 29:1303-10. doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002 
34. Winters B, Eberlein M, Leung J, Needham D, Pronovost P, Sevransky J. Long-term mortality and quality of life in sepsis: a systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1276-83. PMID:20308885
35. Rohde J, Odden A, Bonham C, Kuhn L, Malani P, Chen L, Flanders S, Iwashyna T. The epidemiology of acute organ system dysfunction from severe sepsis outside of the intensive care unit. J Hosp Med. 2013; 8:243-7. doi.org/10.1002/ jhm.2012
36. Becker K, Snider R, Nylen E. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:941-52. doi.org/10.1097/ CCM.0B013E318165 BABB
37. Hoeboer S, van der Geest P, Nieboer D, Groeneveld A. The diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin for bacteraemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015;21:474-81. doi.org/10.1016/ j.cmi.2014.12.026

Л.И. Дворецкий, С.В. Яковлев

ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия

________________________________________________

L.I. Dvoretsky, S.V. Yakovlev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia