Различия паспортного и биологического (фактического) возраста в популяции российских пациентов, страдающих артериальной гипертензией (анализ регистра «ГИПЕРИОН») - Журнал Терапевтический архив № 4 Вопросы диагностики 2018
Различия паспортного и биологического (фактического) возраста в популяции российских пациентов, страдающих артериальной гипертензией (анализ регистра «ГИПЕРИОН»)
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Аннотация
Возраст пациента является важнейшим фактором, определяющим высокий риск развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Предметом современных исследований стало изучение клинической роли биологического возраста пациента и его отличия от паспортного возраста.
Цель исследования – анализ выраженности различия этих величин в реальной клинической практике у пациентов, страдающих артериальной гипертензией (АГ), на основании открытого многоцентрового регистра по отслеживанию эффективности терапии у пациентов с гипертонической болезнью «ГИПЕРИОН», проведенного Евразийской ассоциацией терапевтов при поддержке компании «Гедеон Рихтер» (Венгрия).
Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено в рамках открытого многоцентрового регистра «ГИПЕРИОН». В финальный анализ регистра включены 1441 пациент, из них 638 мужчин (44%), 803 женщины (56%) в возрасте от 24 до 90 лет. Все пациенты наблюдались в первичном звене здравоохранения (55 центров в 47 городах России) по поводу АГ, получали не менее двух гипотензивных препаратов. По данным о 1424 пациентах с использованием шкалы QRISK-2 модификации 2017 г. рассчитан биологический возраст.
Результаты и обсуждение. Абсолютное большинство пациентов (83,7%) имели биологический возраст >70 лет, в то время как паспортный возраст абсолютного большинства (65,3%) находится в диапазоне ≥50, но ≤69 лет. Медианное различие биологического и паспортного возраста составило 15 лет. В среднем у мужчин, страдающих гипертонической болезнью, биологический возраст превосходил паспортный на 17,6 года, а у женщин – на 13,4 года. Разность между величиной биологического и паспортного возраста и уровень систолического давления во всех возрастных группах имела прямую корреляционную связь. При уровне систолического артериального давления >181 мм рт. ст. разность между биологическим и паспортным возрастом оказалась максимальной, достигая наибольших значений в самой молодой возрастной группе (30–39 лет).
Заключение. Анализ фактического (биологического) возраста должен стать обязательной процедурой, позволяющей более полно оценить исходный терапевтический статус пациента, что особенно важно у больных в возрасте 30–50 лет. Это необходимо не только с позиции изменения проводимой терапии, но и для понимания прогноза пациента.
Ключевые слова: регистр «ГИПЕРИОН», возраст пациентов, артериальное давление, терапия гипертонической болезни.
The aim of the study was to analyze the severity of the difference in these values in real clinical practice in patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) on the basis of an open multicenter register to monitor the effectiveness of therapy in patients with hypertension "HYPERION", conducted by the Eurasian Association of Therapists with the support of the company "Gedeon Richter" (Hungary).
Materials and methods. The study was carried out within the open multi-center register "HYPERION". The final analysis of the register included 1441 patients, including 638 men (44%), 803 women (56%) aged 24 to 90 years. All patients were observed in primary health care (55 centers in 47 cities of Russia) for hypertension, received at least two hypotensive drugs. According to the data on 1424 patients using the qrisk-2 scale of 2017 modification, the biological age was calculated.
Results and discussion. The absolute majority of patients (83,7%) had biological age >70 years, while the passport age of the absolute majority (65,3%) is in the range ≥50, but ≤69 years. Median difference between biological and passport age was 15 years. On average, in men suffering from hypertension, the biological age exceeded the passport age by 17.6 years, and in women – by 13.4 years. The difference between the value of biological and passport age and the level of systolic pressure in all age groups had a direct correlation. At systolic blood pressure >181 mm Hg. the difference between biological and passport age was the maximum, reaching the highest values in the youngest age group (30–39 years).
Conclusion. Analysis of the actual (biological) age should be a mandatory procedure that allows a more complete assessment of the initial therapeutic status of the patient, which is especially important in patients aged 30–50 years. This is necessary not only from the standpoint of changing the current procedure, but also to understand the patient's prognosis.
Keywords: register "HYPERION", the patients' age, blood pressure, therapy of hypertension.
Цель исследования – анализ выраженности различия этих величин в реальной клинической практике у пациентов, страдающих артериальной гипертензией (АГ), на основании открытого многоцентрового регистра по отслеживанию эффективности терапии у пациентов с гипертонической болезнью «ГИПЕРИОН», проведенного Евразийской ассоциацией терапевтов при поддержке компании «Гедеон Рихтер» (Венгрия).
Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено в рамках открытого многоцентрового регистра «ГИПЕРИОН». В финальный анализ регистра включены 1441 пациент, из них 638 мужчин (44%), 803 женщины (56%) в возрасте от 24 до 90 лет. Все пациенты наблюдались в первичном звене здравоохранения (55 центров в 47 городах России) по поводу АГ, получали не менее двух гипотензивных препаратов. По данным о 1424 пациентах с использованием шкалы QRISK-2 модификации 2017 г. рассчитан биологический возраст.
Результаты и обсуждение. Абсолютное большинство пациентов (83,7%) имели биологический возраст >70 лет, в то время как паспортный возраст абсолютного большинства (65,3%) находится в диапазоне ≥50, но ≤69 лет. Медианное различие биологического и паспортного возраста составило 15 лет. В среднем у мужчин, страдающих гипертонической болезнью, биологический возраст превосходил паспортный на 17,6 года, а у женщин – на 13,4 года. Разность между величиной биологического и паспортного возраста и уровень систолического давления во всех возрастных группах имела прямую корреляционную связь. При уровне систолического артериального давления >181 мм рт. ст. разность между биологическим и паспортным возрастом оказалась максимальной, достигая наибольших значений в самой молодой возрастной группе (30–39 лет).
Заключение. Анализ фактического (биологического) возраста должен стать обязательной процедурой, позволяющей более полно оценить исходный терапевтический статус пациента, что особенно важно у больных в возрасте 30–50 лет. Это необходимо не только с позиции изменения проводимой терапии, но и для понимания прогноза пациента.
Ключевые слова: регистр «ГИПЕРИОН», возраст пациентов, артериальное давление, терапия гипертонической болезни.
________________________________________________
The aim of the study was to analyze the severity of the difference in these values in real clinical practice in patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) on the basis of an open multicenter register to monitor the effectiveness of therapy in patients with hypertension "HYPERION", conducted by the Eurasian Association of Therapists with the support of the company "Gedeon Richter" (Hungary).
Materials and methods. The study was carried out within the open multi-center register "HYPERION". The final analysis of the register included 1441 patients, including 638 men (44%), 803 women (56%) aged 24 to 90 years. All patients were observed in primary health care (55 centers in 47 cities of Russia) for hypertension, received at least two hypotensive drugs. According to the data on 1424 patients using the qrisk-2 scale of 2017 modification, the biological age was calculated.
Results and discussion. The absolute majority of patients (83,7%) had biological age >70 years, while the passport age of the absolute majority (65,3%) is in the range ≥50, but ≤69 years. Median difference between biological and passport age was 15 years. On average, in men suffering from hypertension, the biological age exceeded the passport age by 17.6 years, and in women – by 13.4 years. The difference between the value of biological and passport age and the level of systolic pressure in all age groups had a direct correlation. At systolic blood pressure >181 mm Hg. the difference between biological and passport age was the maximum, reaching the highest values in the youngest age group (30–39 years).
Conclusion. Analysis of the actual (biological) age should be a mandatory procedure that allows a more complete assessment of the initial therapeutic status of the patient, which is especially important in patients aged 30–50 years. This is necessary not only from the standpoint of changing the current procedure, but also to understand the patient's prognosis.
Keywords: register "HYPERION", the patients' age, blood pressure, therapy of hypertension.
Список литературы
1. Collins GS, Altman DG. Predicting the 10 year risk of cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom: independent and external validation of an updated version of QRISK2. BMJ. 2012;344:e4181.
2. Hoogendijk EO, Deeg DJ, Poppelaars J, van der Horst M, Broese van Groenou M, Comijs HC, et al. The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: cohort update 2016 and major findings. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(9):927-45. doi: 10.1007/s10654-016-0192-0
3. Post HG, Smulders YM, Maier AB, Deeg DJ, Muller M. Relation between blood pressure and mortality risk in an older population: role of chronological and biological age. J Intern Med. 2015;277(4):488-97. doi: 10.1111/joim.12284
4. Muller M, Smulders YM, de Leeuw PW, Stehouwer CD. Treatment of hypertension in the oldest old: a critical role for frailty? Hypertension. 2014;63:433-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.00911
5. Odden MC, Peralta CA, Haan MN, Covinsky KE. Rethinking the association of high blood pressure with mortality in elderly adults: the impact of frailty. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:1162-8. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2555
6. Sabayan B, van Vliet P, de Ruijter RW, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ, Westendorp RG. High blood pressure, physical and cognitive function, and risk of stroke in the oldest old: the Leiden 85-plus Study. Stroke. 2013;44:15-20. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.663062
7. Rabkin SW, Waheed A, Poulter RS, Wood D. Myocardial perfusion pressure in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: implications for DBP targets in hypertension management. J Hypertens. 2013;31:975-82. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e831c
8. Dorresteijn JA, van der Graaf Y, Spiering W, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Visseren FL. Relation between blood pressure and vascular events and mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease: J-curve revisited. Hypertension. 2012;59:14-21. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA. 111.179143
9. Morgan EL. Modeling the Rate of Senescence: Can Estimated Biological Age Predict Mortality More Accurately Than Chronological Age?
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(6):667-74. doi: 10.1093/ gerona/gls233
10. Klemera P, Doubal S. A new approach to the concept and computation of biological age. Mech Ageing Dev. 2006;127:240-8. doi: 10.1016/ j.mad.2005.10.004
11. Sebastiani P, Thyagarajan B, Sun F, Schupf N, Newman AB, Montano M, Perls ТТ. Biomarker signatures of aging. Aging Cell. 2017; 16(2):329-38. doi: 10.1111/acel.12557
12. Belsky DW, Caspi A, Houts R, Cohen HJ, Corcoran DL, Danese А. Quantification of biological aging in young adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(30):E4104-E4110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1506264112
13. Finegold JA, Asaria P, Francis DP. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease by country, region, and age: statistics from World Health Organisation and United Nations. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:934-45.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.046
14. Sun Z. Aging, arterial stiffness, and hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:252-6. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03617
15. Fedintsev A, Kashtanova D, Tkacheva O, Strazhesko I, Kudryavtseva A, Baranova A, Moskalev A. Markers of arterial health could serve as accurate non-invasive predictors of human biological and chronological age. Aging (Albany NY). 2017;9(4):1280-92. doi: 10.18632/aging.101227
16. Yang J, Huang T, Petralia F, Long Q, Zhang B, Argmann C, Zhao Y, Mobbs CV, Schadt EE, Zhu J, Tu Z, Ardlie KG, Deluca DS, et al. GTEx Consortium Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases. Sci Rep. 2015;5:15145. doi: 10.1038/srep15145
17. Al-Ghatrif M, Strait JB, Morrell CH, Canepa M, Wright J. Longitudinal Trajectories of Arterial Stiffness and the Role of Blood Pressure The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension. 2013;62:934-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01445
18. Sehgel NL, Sun Z, Hong Z, Hunter WC, Hill MA, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Meininger GA. Augmented Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Adhesion When Hypertension Is Superimposed on Aging. Hypertension. 2014;65(2):370. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114. 04456
19. Handy CE, Desai CS, Dardari ZA, Al-Mallah MH, Miedema MD, Ouyang P, Budoff MJ, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Blaha MJ. The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:568-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.09.020
20. Zheng Y, Joyce BT, Colicino E, Liu L, Zhang W, Dai Q, et al. Blood Epigenetic Age may Predict Cancer Incidence and Mortality. EBioMedicine. 2016;5:68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.02.008
21. Van Staa T-P, Gulliford M, Ng ES-W, Goldacre B, Smeeth L. Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk Using Framingham, ASSIGN and QRISK2: How Well Do They Predict Individual Rather than Population Risk? PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e106455. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0106455
22. Harvey A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Vascular biology of ageing – Implications in hypertension. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2015;83:112-21.
doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.011
23. Costantino S, Paneni F, Cosentino F. Ageing, metabolism and cardiovascular disease. J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2061-73. doi: 10.1113/ JP270538
24. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, Minhas R, Sheikh A, Brindle P. Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2. BMJ. 2008;336:1475-82. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39609.449676.25
2. Hoogendijk EO, Deeg DJ, Poppelaars J, van der Horst M, Broese van Groenou M, Comijs HC, et al. The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: cohort update 2016 and major findings. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(9):927-45. doi: 10.1007/s10654-016-0192-0
3. Post HG, Smulders YM, Maier AB, Deeg DJ, Muller M. Relation between blood pressure and mortality risk in an older population: role of chronological and biological age. J Intern Med. 2015;277(4):488-97. doi: 10.1111/joim.12284
4. Muller M, Smulders YM, de Leeuw PW, Stehouwer CD. Treatment of hypertension in the oldest old: a critical role for frailty? Hypertension. 2014;63:433-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.00911
5. Odden MC, Peralta CA, Haan MN, Covinsky KE. Rethinking the association of high blood pressure with mortality in elderly adults: the impact of frailty. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:1162-8. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2555
6. Sabayan B, van Vliet P, de Ruijter RW, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ, Westendorp RG. High blood pressure, physical and cognitive function, and risk of stroke in the oldest old: the Leiden 85-plus Study. Stroke. 2013;44:15-20. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.663062
7. Rabkin SW, Waheed A, Poulter RS, Wood D. Myocardial perfusion pressure in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: implications for DBP targets in hypertension management. J Hypertens. 2013;31:975-82. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e831c
8. Dorresteijn JA, van der Graaf Y, Spiering W, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Visseren FL. Relation between blood pressure and vascular events and mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease: J-curve revisited. Hypertension. 2012;59:14-21. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA. 111.179143
9. Morgan EL. Modeling the Rate of Senescence: Can Estimated Biological Age Predict Mortality More Accurately Than Chronological Age?
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(6):667-74. doi: 10.1093/ gerona/gls233
10. Klemera P, Doubal S. A new approach to the concept and computation of biological age. Mech Ageing Dev. 2006;127:240-8. doi: 10.1016/ j.mad.2005.10.004
11. Sebastiani P, Thyagarajan B, Sun F, Schupf N, Newman AB, Montano M, Perls ТТ. Biomarker signatures of aging. Aging Cell. 2017; 16(2):329-38. doi: 10.1111/acel.12557
12. Belsky DW, Caspi A, Houts R, Cohen HJ, Corcoran DL, Danese А. Quantification of biological aging in young adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(30):E4104-E4110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1506264112
13. Finegold JA, Asaria P, Francis DP. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease by country, region, and age: statistics from World Health Organisation and United Nations. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:934-45.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.046
14. Sun Z. Aging, arterial stiffness, and hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:252-6. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03617
15. Fedintsev A, Kashtanova D, Tkacheva O, Strazhesko I, Kudryavtseva A, Baranova A, Moskalev A. Markers of arterial health could serve as accurate non-invasive predictors of human biological and chronological age. Aging (Albany NY). 2017;9(4):1280-92. doi: 10.18632/aging.101227
16. Yang J, Huang T, Petralia F, Long Q, Zhang B, Argmann C, Zhao Y, Mobbs CV, Schadt EE, Zhu J, Tu Z, Ardlie KG, Deluca DS, et al. GTEx Consortium Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases. Sci Rep. 2015;5:15145. doi: 10.1038/srep15145
17. Al-Ghatrif M, Strait JB, Morrell CH, Canepa M, Wright J. Longitudinal Trajectories of Arterial Stiffness and the Role of Blood Pressure The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension. 2013;62:934-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01445
18. Sehgel NL, Sun Z, Hong Z, Hunter WC, Hill MA, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Meininger GA. Augmented Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Adhesion When Hypertension Is Superimposed on Aging. Hypertension. 2014;65(2):370. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114. 04456
19. Handy CE, Desai CS, Dardari ZA, Al-Mallah MH, Miedema MD, Ouyang P, Budoff MJ, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Blaha MJ. The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:568-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.09.020
20. Zheng Y, Joyce BT, Colicino E, Liu L, Zhang W, Dai Q, et al. Blood Epigenetic Age may Predict Cancer Incidence and Mortality. EBioMedicine. 2016;5:68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.02.008
21. Van Staa T-P, Gulliford M, Ng ES-W, Goldacre B, Smeeth L. Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk Using Framingham, ASSIGN and QRISK2: How Well Do They Predict Individual Rather than Population Risk? PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e106455. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0106455
22. Harvey A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Vascular biology of ageing – Implications in hypertension. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2015;83:112-21.
doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.011
23. Costantino S, Paneni F, Cosentino F. Ageing, metabolism and cardiovascular disease. J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2061-73. doi: 10.1113/ JP270538
24. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, Minhas R, Sheikh A, Brindle P. Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2. BMJ. 2008;336:1475-82. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39609.449676.25
2. Hoogendijk EO, Deeg DJ, Poppelaars J, van der Horst M, Broese van Groenou M, Comijs HC, et al. The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: cohort update 2016 and major findings. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31(9):927-45. doi: 10.1007/s10654-016-0192-0
3. Post HG, Smulders YM, Maier AB, Deeg DJ, Muller M. Relation between blood pressure and mortality risk in an older population: role of chronological and biological age. J Intern Med. 2015;277(4):488-97. doi: 10.1111/joim.12284
4. Muller M, Smulders YM, de Leeuw PW, Stehouwer CD. Treatment of hypertension in the oldest old: a critical role for frailty? Hypertension. 2014;63:433-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.00911
5. Odden MC, Peralta CA, Haan MN, Covinsky KE. Rethinking the association of high blood pressure with mortality in elderly adults: the impact of frailty. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:1162-8. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2555
6. Sabayan B, van Vliet P, de Ruijter RW, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ, Westendorp RG. High blood pressure, physical and cognitive function, and risk of stroke in the oldest old: the Leiden 85-plus Study. Stroke. 2013;44:15-20. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.663062
7. Rabkin SW, Waheed A, Poulter RS, Wood D. Myocardial perfusion pressure in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease: implications for DBP targets in hypertension management. J Hypertens. 2013;31:975-82. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835e831c
8. Dorresteijn JA, van der Graaf Y, Spiering W, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Visseren FL. Relation between blood pressure and vascular events and mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease: J-curve revisited. Hypertension. 2012;59:14-21. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA. 111.179143
9. Morgan EL. Modeling the Rate of Senescence: Can Estimated Biological Age Predict Mortality More Accurately Than Chronological Age?
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(6):667-74. doi: 10.1093/ gerona/gls233
10. Klemera P, Doubal S. A new approach to the concept and computation of biological age. Mech Ageing Dev. 2006;127:240-8. doi: 10.1016/ j.mad.2005.10.004
11. Sebastiani P, Thyagarajan B, Sun F, Schupf N, Newman AB, Montano M, Perls ТТ. Biomarker signatures of aging. Aging Cell. 2017; 16(2):329-38. doi: 10.1111/acel.12557
12. Belsky DW, Caspi A, Houts R, Cohen HJ, Corcoran DL, Danese А. Quantification of biological aging in young adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(30):E4104-E4110. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1506264112
13. Finegold JA, Asaria P, Francis DP. Mortality from ischaemic heart disease by country, region, and age: statistics from World Health Organisation and United Nations. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:934-45.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.046
14. Sun Z. Aging, arterial stiffness, and hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:252-6. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03617
15. Fedintsev A, Kashtanova D, Tkacheva O, Strazhesko I, Kudryavtseva A, Baranova A, Moskalev A. Markers of arterial health could serve as accurate non-invasive predictors of human biological and chronological age. Aging (Albany NY). 2017;9(4):1280-92. doi: 10.18632/aging.101227
16. Yang J, Huang T, Petralia F, Long Q, Zhang B, Argmann C, Zhao Y, Mobbs CV, Schadt EE, Zhu J, Tu Z, Ardlie KG, Deluca DS, et al. GTEx Consortium Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases. Sci Rep. 2015;5:15145. doi: 10.1038/srep15145
17. Al-Ghatrif M, Strait JB, Morrell CH, Canepa M, Wright J. Longitudinal Trajectories of Arterial Stiffness and the Role of Blood Pressure The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension. 2013;62:934-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01445
18. Sehgel NL, Sun Z, Hong Z, Hunter WC, Hill MA, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Meininger GA. Augmented Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Adhesion When Hypertension Is Superimposed on Aging. Hypertension. 2014;65(2):370. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114. 04456
19. Handy CE, Desai CS, Dardari ZA, Al-Mallah MH, Miedema MD, Ouyang P, Budoff MJ, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Blaha MJ. The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:568-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.09.020
20. Zheng Y, Joyce BT, Colicino E, Liu L, Zhang W, Dai Q, et al. Blood Epigenetic Age may Predict Cancer Incidence and Mortality. EBioMedicine. 2016;5:68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.02.008
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14. Sun Z. Aging, arterial stiffness, and hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:252-6. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03617
15. Fedintsev A, Kashtanova D, Tkacheva O, Strazhesko I, Kudryavtseva A, Baranova A, Moskalev A. Markers of arterial health could serve as accurate non-invasive predictors of human biological and chronological age. Aging (Albany NY). 2017;9(4):1280-92. doi: 10.18632/aging.101227
16. Yang J, Huang T, Petralia F, Long Q, Zhang B, Argmann C, Zhao Y, Mobbs CV, Schadt EE, Zhu J, Tu Z, Ardlie KG, Deluca DS, et al. GTEx Consortium Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases. Sci Rep. 2015;5:15145. doi: 10.1038/srep15145
17. Al-Ghatrif M, Strait JB, Morrell CH, Canepa M, Wright J. Longitudinal Trajectories of Arterial Stiffness and the Role of Blood Pressure The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension. 2013;62:934-41. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01445
18. Sehgel NL, Sun Z, Hong Z, Hunter WC, Hill MA, Vatner DE, Vatner SF, Meininger GA. Augmented Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Adhesion When Hypertension Is Superimposed on Aging. Hypertension. 2014;65(2):370. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114. 04456
19. Handy CE, Desai CS, Dardari ZA, Al-Mallah MH, Miedema MD, Ouyang P, Budoff MJ, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Blaha MJ. The Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:568-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.09.020
20. Zheng Y, Joyce BT, Colicino E, Liu L, Zhang W, Dai Q, et al. Blood Epigenetic Age may Predict Cancer Incidence and Mortality. EBioMedicine. 2016;5:68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.02.008
21. Van Staa T-P, Gulliford M, Ng ES-W, Goldacre B, Smeeth L. Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk Using Framingham, ASSIGN and QRISK2: How Well Do They Predict Individual Rather than Population Risk? PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e106455. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0106455
22. Harvey A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Vascular biology of ageing – Implications in hypertension. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2015;83:112-21.
doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.011
23. Costantino S, Paneni F, Cosentino F. Ageing, metabolism and cardiovascular disease. J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2061-73. doi: 10.1113/ JP270538
24. Hippisley-Cox J, Coupland C, Vinogradova Y, Robson J, Minhas R, Sheikh A, Brindle P. Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2. BMJ. 2008;336:1475-82. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39609.449676.25
Авторы
А.Г. Арутюнов 1, А.В. Ноздрин 2, К.Б. Шавгулидзе 3, Д.С. Токмин 2, И.В. Осадчий 2
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ООО «Ай Пи Ти Медицина», Москва, Россия;
3 Медицинский центр GMS Clinic, Москва, Россия
1 N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia;
2 "IPT Medicine", Moscow, Russia;
3 Medical center GMS Clinic, Moscow, Russia
1 ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ООО «Ай Пи Ти Медицина», Москва, Россия;
3 Медицинский центр GMS Clinic, Москва, Россия
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1 N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia;
2 "IPT Medicine", Moscow, Russia;
3 Medical center GMS Clinic, Moscow, Russia
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