1. Gines P, Quintero E, Arroyo V, Teres J, Bruguera M, Rimola A. Compensated Cirrhosis: Natural history and prognostic factors. Hepatology. 1987;5:122-128. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840070124
2. Gines P, Arroyo V, Rodes J, Schrier RW. Ascites and renal dysfunction in liver disease: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Malden: Blackwell; 2005. P. 260-270. doi:10.1016/S1089-3261(05)70261-0
3. Ripoll C, Groszmann R, Garcia-Tsao G, Grace N, Burroughs A, Planas R. Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 2007;133: 481-488. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.05.024
4. Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Tognoni G, Hidalgo R, De La Cuesta FS. Spanish Collaborative Study Group on Therapeutic Management in Liver Disease Multicenter hospital study on prescribing patterns for prophylaxis and treatment of complications of cirrhosis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;58:435-440. doi: 10.1007/s00228-002-0474-1
5. Planas R, Montoliu S, Ballest B, Rivera M, Miguel M, Masnou H, et al. Natural history of patients hospitalized for management of cirrhotic ascites. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:1385-1394. doi: 10.1016/ j.cgh.2006.08.007
6. Moore CM, Van Thiel DH. Cirrhotic Ascites Review: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. World J Hepatol. 2013;5:251-263. 
doi: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i5.251
7. Becker G, Galandi D, Blum HE. Malignant ascites: systematic review and guideline for treatment. Eur J Cancer. 2006;42:589-597. 
doi:  10.1016/j.ejca.2005.11.018
8. Seike M, Maetani I, Sakai Y. Treatment of malignant ascites in patients with advanced cancer: peritoneovenous shunt versus paracentesis. 
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22:2161-2166. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04793.x
9. Runyon BA. AASLD Practice Guidelines Committee. Management of Adult Patients with Ascites Due to Cirrhosis: Update 2012. Hepatology. 2013;57:2087-2107. doi: 10.1002/hep.00000
10. Cattau EL, Benjamin SB, Knuff TE, Castell DO. The accuracy of the physcial exam in the diagnosis of suspected ascites. JAMA. 1982;247:1164-1166. doi: 10.1001/jama.1982.03320330060027
11. Jalal Z, Iriart X, De Lédinghen V, Barnetche T, Hiriart JB, Vergniol J, Foucher J, Thambo JB. Liver stiffness measurements for evaluation of central venous pressure in congenital heart diseases. Heart. 2015;101:1499-1504.
12. Ford RM, Book W, Spivey JR. Liver disease related to the heart. Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2015;29:33-37. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-307385
13. Lindsay I, Johnson J, Everitt MD, Hoffman J, Yetman AT. Impact of liver disease after the Fontan operation. Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:249-252. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.10.032
14. Малиновская Ю.О., Моисеев С.В., Мойсюк Я.Г. Цирротическая кардиомиопатия и трансплантация печени. Альманах клинической медицины. 2016;44(6):775-784 [Malinovskaya YuO, Moiseev SV, Moysyuk YaG. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and liver transplantation. Al’manakh Klinicheskoy Meditsiny = Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2016;44(6):775-784 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2016-44-6-775-784
15. Giallourakis CC, Rosenberg PM, Freidman LS. The liver in heart failure. Clin Liver Dis. 2002;6(4):947-967. doi: 10.1016/S1089-3261(02) 00056-9
16. Seeto RK, Fenn B, Rockey DC. Ischemic hepatitis: clinical presentation and pathogenesis. Am J Med. 2000;109:109-113. doi: 10.1016/ S0002-9343(00)00461-7
17. Yeoman AD, Westrook RH, Al-Chalabi T, Carey I, Heaton ND. Diagnostic value and utility of the simplified International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) criteria in acute and chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 2009;50(2):538-545. doi: 10.1002/hep.23042.
18. Mileti M, Rosenthal P, Peters M. Validation and Modification of Simplified Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Hepatitis in Children. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10(4):417-422. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh. 2011.11.030.
19. Ивашкин В.Т., Маевская М.В., Жаркова М.С., Тихонов И.Н., Федосьина Е.А., Павлов Ч.С. Алгоритмы диагностики и лечения в гепатологии. Справочные материалы. Москва: Медпресс-информ; 2016. 176. [Ivashkin VT, Maevskaya MV, Zharkova MS, Tikhonov IN, Fedosina EA, Pavlov CS. Algoritmy diagnostiki i lecheniya v gepatologii. Spravochnye materialy [Algorithms for diagnosis and treatment in hepatology. Reference materials]. Moscow: Medpress-inform; 2016. 176 p. (In Russ.)].
20. European Association for the study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2010;53(3):397-417. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.004
21. Hoefs JC. Serum protein concentration and portal pressure determine the ascitic fluid protein concentration in patients with chronic liver disease. J Lab Clin Med. 1983;102(2):260-273.
22. Runyon BA, Montano AA, Akriviadis EA, Antillon MR, Irving MA, McHutchison JG. The serum-ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:215-220. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-3-215
23. Лемешко З.А., Маевская М.В., Тихонов И.Н., Мусина Н.П., Жаркова М.С., Фоминых Е.В., Ивашкин В.Т. Генерализованный туберкулезный процесс, длительное время протекавший под маской цирроза печени. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2015;25(3):85-89 [Lemeshko ZA, Maevskaya MV, Tikhonov IN, Musina NP, Zharkova MS, Fominyh EV, Ivashkin VT. Generalized tuberculosis masked as cirrhosis for a long time. Rossiyskiy Zhurnal Gastroenterologii, Gepatologii, Koloproktologii. 2015;25(3):85-9 (In Russ.)].
24. Ginès A, Fernández-Esparrach G, Monescillo A, Vila C, Domènech E, Abecasis R. Randomized trial comparing albumin, dextran 70, and polygeline in cirrhotic patients with ascites treated by paracentesis. Gastroenterology. 1996;111:1002-1010.  doi: 0016-5085/96/$3.00
25. Planas R, Gines P, Arroyo V, Llach J, Panes J, Vargas V. Dextran 70 versus albumin as plasma expanders in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites treated with total paracentesis: Results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology. 1990;99:1736-1744.  doi: oo19-5095/90/3
26. Ruiz-del-Arbol L, Monescillo A, Jimenez W, Garcia-Plaza A, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Paracentesis induced circulatory dysfunction: Mechanisms and the effect on hepatic hemodynamics in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1997;113:579-586. doi: 0.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247479
27. Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL, Dudley FJ, Gentilini P, Laffi G. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1996;23:164-176.  doi: 10.1002 /hep.510230122
28. Stanley MM, Ochi S, Lee KK, Nemchausky BA, Greenlee HB, 
Allen JI. Peritoneovenous shunting compared with medical treatment in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and massive ascites. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:1632-1638. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198912143212403
29. Runyon BA. Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Guideline management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis 2012. Hepatology. 2013;57:1651. doi: 10.1002/hep.26359

________________________________________________

1. Gines P, Quintero E, Arroyo V, Teres J, Bruguera M, Rimola A. Compensated Cirrhosis: Natural history and prognostic factors. Hepatology. 1987;5:122-128. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840070124
2. Gines P, Arroyo V, Rodes J, Schrier RW. Ascites and renal dysfunction in liver disease: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Malden: Blackwell; 2005. P. 260-270. doi:10.1016/S1089-3261(05)70261-0
3. Ripoll C, Groszmann R, Garcia-Tsao G, Grace N, Burroughs A, Planas R. Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 2007;133: 481-488. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.05.024
4. Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Tognoni G, Hidalgo R, De La Cuesta FS. Spanish Collaborative Study Group on Therapeutic Management in Liver Disease Multicenter hospital study on prescribing patterns for prophylaxis and treatment of complications of cirrhosis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;58:435-440. doi: 10.1007/s00228-002-0474-1
5. Planas R, Montoliu S, Ballest B, Rivera M, Miguel M, Masnou H, et al. Natural history of patients hospitalized for management of cirrhotic ascites. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:1385-1394. doi: 10.1016/ j.cgh.2006.08.007
6. Moore CM, Van Thiel DH. Cirrhotic Ascites Review: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. World J Hepatol. 2013;5:251-263. 
doi: 10.4254/wjh.v5.i5.251
7. Becker G, Galandi D, Blum HE. Malignant ascites: systematic review and guideline for treatment. Eur J Cancer. 2006;42:589-597. 
doi:  10.1016/j.ejca.2005.11.018
8. Seike M, Maetani I, Sakai Y. Treatment of malignant ascites in patients with advanced cancer: peritoneovenous shunt versus paracentesis. 
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22:2161-2166. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04793.x
9. Runyon BA. AASLD Practice Guidelines Committee. Management of Adult Patients with Ascites Due to Cirrhosis: Update 2012. Hepatology. 2013;57:2087-2107. doi: 10.1002/hep.00000
10. Cattau EL, Benjamin SB, Knuff TE, Castell DO. The accuracy of the physcial exam in the diagnosis of suspected ascites. JAMA. 1982;247:1164-1166. doi: 10.1001/jama.1982.03320330060027
11. Jalal Z, Iriart X, De Lédinghen V, Barnetche T, Hiriart JB, Vergniol J, Foucher J, Thambo JB. Liver stiffness measurements for evaluation of central venous pressure in congenital heart diseases. Heart. 2015;101:1499-1504.
12. Ford RM, Book W, Spivey JR. Liver disease related to the heart. Transplant Rev (Orlando). 2015;29:33-37. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-307385
13. Lindsay I, Johnson J, Everitt MD, Hoffman J, Yetman AT. Impact of liver disease after the Fontan operation. Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:249-252. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.10.032
14. [Malinovskaya YuO, Moiseev SV, Moysyuk YaG. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and liver transplantation. Al’manakh Klinicheskoy Meditsiny = Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2016;44(6):775-784 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2016-44-6-775-784
15. Giallourakis CC, Rosenberg PM, Freidman LS. The liver in heart failure. Clin Liver Dis. 2002;6(4):947-967. doi: 10.1016/S1089-3261(02) 00056-9
16. Seeto RK, Fenn B, Rockey DC. Ischemic hepatitis: clinical presentation and pathogenesis. Am J Med. 2000;109:109-113. doi: 10.1016/ S0002-9343(00)00461-7
17. Yeoman AD, Westrook RH, Al-Chalabi T, Carey I, Heaton ND. Diagnostic value and utility of the simplified International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) criteria in acute and chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 2009;50(2):538-545. doi: 10.1002/hep.23042.
18. Mileti M, Rosenthal P, Peters M. Validation and Modification of Simplified Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Hepatitis in Children. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10(4):417-422. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh. 2011.11.030.
19.  [Ivashkin VT, Maevskaya MV, Zharkova MS, Tikhonov IN, Fedosina EA, Pavlov CS. Algoritmy diagnostiki i lecheniya v gepatologii. Spravochnye materialy [Algorithms for diagnosis and treatment in hepatology. Reference materials]. Moscow: Medpress-inform; 2016. 176 p. (In Russ.)].
20. European Association for the study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2010;53(3):397-417. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.004
21. Hoefs JC. Serum protein concentration and portal pressure determine the ascitic fluid protein concentration in patients with chronic liver disease. J Lab Clin Med. 1983;102(2):260-273.
22. Runyon BA, Montano AA, Akriviadis EA, Antillon MR, Irving MA, McHutchison JG. The serum-ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:215-220. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-3-215
23.  [Lemeshko ZA, Maevskaya MV, Tikhonov IN, Musina NP, Zharkova MS, Fominyh EV, Ivashkin VT. Generalized tuberculosis masked as cirrhosis for a long time. Rossiyskiy Zhurnal Gastroenterologii, Gepatologii, Koloproktologii. 2015;25(3):85-9 (In Russ.)].
24. Ginès A, Fernández-Esparrach G, Monescillo A, Vila C, Domènech E, Abecasis R. Randomized trial comparing albumin, dextran 70, and polygeline in cirrhotic patients with ascites treated by paracentesis. Gastroenterology. 1996;111:1002-1010.  doi: 0016-5085/96/$3.00
25. Planas R, Gines P, Arroyo V, Llach J, Panes J, Vargas V. Dextran 70 versus albumin as plasma expanders in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites treated with total paracentesis: Results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology. 1990;99:1736-1744.  doi: oo19-5095/90/3
26. Ruiz-del-Arbol L, Monescillo A, Jimenez W, Garcia-Plaza A, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Paracentesis induced circulatory dysfunction: Mechanisms and the effect on hepatic hemodynamics in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 1997;113:579-586. doi: 0.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247479
27. Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL, Dudley FJ, Gentilini P, Laffi G. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1996;23:164-176.  doi: 10.1002 /hep.510230122
28. Stanley MM, Ochi S, Lee KK, Nemchausky BA, Greenlee HB, 
Allen JI. Peritoneovenous shunting compared with medical treatment in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and massive ascites. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:1632-1638. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198912143212403
29. Runyon BA. Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Practice Guideline management of adult patients with ascites due to cirrhosis 2012. Hepatology. 2013;57:1651. doi: 10.1002/hep.26359

И.Н. Тихонов 1,2, М.С. Жаркова 2, М.В. Маевская 3, В.Н. Зозуля 3, В.И. Лещенко 3, Т.П. Некрасова 4, М.Г. Арсланян 2, Н.П. Мусина 2, М.А. Татаркина 2, Р.Т. Рзаев 2, К.Б. Пузаков 2, В.Т. Ивашкин 1,2,3, М.С. Маликова5

1 Научно-исследовательский отдел инновационной терапии Научно-технологического парка биомедицины ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия; 
2 Клиника пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и гепатологии им. В.Х. Василенко ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия; 
3 Кафедра пропедевтики внутренних болезней лечебного факультета ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия; 
4 Кафедра патологической анатомии им. академика А.И. Струкова ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия; 
5 ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. академика Б.В. Петровского», Москва, Россия

________________________________________________

I.n. Tikhonov 1,2, m.s. Zharkova 2, m.v. Maevskaya 3, v.n. Zozulya 3, v.i. Leschenko 3, t.p. Nekrasova 4, M.G. Arslanyan 2, n.p. Musina 2, m.a. Tatarkina 2, r.t. Rzaev 2, k.b. Puzakov 2, v.t. Ivashkin 1,2,3, m.s. Malikova 5

1 Scientific Research Department of Innovative Therapy of the Scientific and Technological Park of Biomedicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
2 V.H. Vasilenko Clinic of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
3 The Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine of the Faculty of Physiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
4 Acad. A.I. Strukov Department of Pathological Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
5 B.V. Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia