Ранняя диагностика острого почечного повреждения у па- циентов с острой декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточности
Ранняя диагностика острого почечного повреждения у па- циентов с острой декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточности
Насонова С.Н., Жиров И.В., Ледяхова М.В. и др. Ранняя диагностика острого почечного повреждения у пациентов с острой декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточностью. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91 (4): 67–73. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.04.000168
________________________________________________
Материалы доступны только для специалистов сферы здравоохранения. Авторизуйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь.
Аннотация
Ранняя диагностика острого повреждения почек (ОПП) — актуальная проблема оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с острой декомпенсацией хронической сердечной недостаточности (ОДХСН).
Цель исследования. Изучить возможности ранней диагностики ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН со сниженной систолической функцией при помощи биомаркеров ОПП.
Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 60 пациентов (средний возраст 62,0±11,1 года) с ОДХСН (BNP >500 пг/мл) и сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка (ФВ ЛЖ 27,05% [23,25; 32,75], c ФК III–IV класса по NYHA). У всех пациентов определялся уровень креатинина, мочевины, мочевой кислоты, альбумина в сыворотке крови, а также ряд биомаркеров: липокалин, ассоциированный с желатиназой нейтрофилов (NGAL), и цистатин С (CysC) в сыворотке крови; молекула повреждения почек-1 (KIM-1) и ангиотензиноген (AGT) в моче.
Результаты и обсуждение. ОПП определяется на основании изменений сывороточной концентрации креатинина или величины диуреза. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о высокой специфичности и чувствительности использования биомаркеров для диагностики ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН: NGAL AUC – 0,833 (p<0,001), Se – 82,8%, Sp – 4,2%. CysС AUC – 0,823 (p<0,001), Se – 79,3%, Sp – 74,2%. KIM-1 AUC – 0,782 (p<0,001), Se – 75,9%, Sp – 74,2%, AGT AUC – 0,829 (p<0,001), Se – 82,8%, Sp – 77,4%. При многофакторном регрессионном анализе установлено, что при NGAL >157,35 нг/мл риск ОПП возрастает в 13,1 раза (95% ДИ 1,365–126,431), при повышении KIM-1 >1,81 нг/мл риск развития ОПП возрастает в 20,6 раза (95% ДИ 1,802–235,524), а при повышении AGT >14,31 нг/мл риск ОПП повышается в 32,8 раза (95% ДИ 2,752–390,110).
Заключение. ОПП развивается у 48,3% пациентов, госпитализированных с ОДХСН. Пациенты с ОДХСН и ОПП имеют значительно более высокие значения NGAL и CysC в сыворотке крови, KIM-1 и AGT в моче по сравнению с пациентами без ухудшения функции почек. Данные биомаркеры могут служить как для ранней диагностики ОПП, так и для прогнозирования ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН.
Ключевые слова: острое почечное повреждение, острая декомпенсация хронической сердечной недостаточности, кардиоренальный синдром I типа, биомаркеры острого почечного повреждения.
Aim. To study the possibilities of previously diagnosing acute renal damage in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure with reduced systolic function using biomarkers of acute renal injury.
Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients (62.0±11.1 years) with HADS (BNP >500 pg/ml) and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV 27.05% [23.25; 32.75], c FC III–IV NYHA). The level of creatinine, urea, uric acid, albumin in serum was determined in all patients, as well as a number of biomarkers: lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL) and cystatin C (CysC) in serum; kidney damage molecule-1 (KIM-1) and angiotensinogen (AGT) in the urine.
Results and discussion. AKI is determined based on changes in serum creatinine concentration or diuresis value. The results obtained indicate a high specificity and sensitivity of the use of biomarkers for the diagnosis of AKI in patients with ADHF. NGAL AUC – 0.833 (p<0.001), Se – 82.8%, Sp – 4.2%. CysC AUC – 0.823 (p<0.001), Se – 79.3%, Sp – 74.2%. KIM-1 AUC – 0.782 (p<0.001), Se – 75.9%, Sp – 74.2%. AGT AUC – 0.829 (p<0.001), Se – 82.8%, Sp – 77.4%. In a multifactorial regression analysis, it was found that with NGAL greater than 157.35 ng/ml, the risk of AKI increases 13.1 times (95% CI 1.365–126.431), with an increase in KIM-1, the risk of the development of AKI increases 20.6 times (95% CI 1.802–235.524), and with an increase in AGT more than 14.31 leng/ml, the risk of AKI increases 32.8 times (95% CI 2.752–390.110).
Conclusion. Acute kidney injury develops in 48.3% of patients hospitalized with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure. Patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure and AKI have significantly higher serum NGAL and CysC, KIM-1 and AGT values in the urine compared with patients without impairing renal function. These biomarkers can serve both for the early diagnosis of acute kidney damage and the prediction of AKI in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure.
Key words: acute renal injury, acute decompensation of heart failure, cardiorenal syndrome type I, biomarkers of acute renal injury.
Цель исследования. Изучить возможности ранней диагностики ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН со сниженной систолической функцией при помощи биомаркеров ОПП.
Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 60 пациентов (средний возраст 62,0±11,1 года) с ОДХСН (BNP >500 пг/мл) и сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка (ФВ ЛЖ 27,05% [23,25; 32,75], c ФК III–IV класса по NYHA). У всех пациентов определялся уровень креатинина, мочевины, мочевой кислоты, альбумина в сыворотке крови, а также ряд биомаркеров: липокалин, ассоциированный с желатиназой нейтрофилов (NGAL), и цистатин С (CysC) в сыворотке крови; молекула повреждения почек-1 (KIM-1) и ангиотензиноген (AGT) в моче.
Результаты и обсуждение. ОПП определяется на основании изменений сывороточной концентрации креатинина или величины диуреза. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о высокой специфичности и чувствительности использования биомаркеров для диагностики ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН: NGAL AUC – 0,833 (p<0,001), Se – 82,8%, Sp – 4,2%. CysС AUC – 0,823 (p<0,001), Se – 79,3%, Sp – 74,2%. KIM-1 AUC – 0,782 (p<0,001), Se – 75,9%, Sp – 74,2%, AGT AUC – 0,829 (p<0,001), Se – 82,8%, Sp – 77,4%. При многофакторном регрессионном анализе установлено, что при NGAL >157,35 нг/мл риск ОПП возрастает в 13,1 раза (95% ДИ 1,365–126,431), при повышении KIM-1 >1,81 нг/мл риск развития ОПП возрастает в 20,6 раза (95% ДИ 1,802–235,524), а при повышении AGT >14,31 нг/мл риск ОПП повышается в 32,8 раза (95% ДИ 2,752–390,110).
Заключение. ОПП развивается у 48,3% пациентов, госпитализированных с ОДХСН. Пациенты с ОДХСН и ОПП имеют значительно более высокие значения NGAL и CysC в сыворотке крови, KIM-1 и AGT в моче по сравнению с пациентами без ухудшения функции почек. Данные биомаркеры могут служить как для ранней диагностики ОПП, так и для прогнозирования ОПП у пациентов с ОДХСН.
Ключевые слова: острое почечное повреждение, острая декомпенсация хронической сердечной недостаточности, кардиоренальный синдром I типа, биомаркеры острого почечного повреждения.
________________________________________________
Aim. To study the possibilities of previously diagnosing acute renal damage in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure with reduced systolic function using biomarkers of acute renal injury.
Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients (62.0±11.1 years) with HADS (BNP >500 pg/ml) and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV 27.05% [23.25; 32.75], c FC III–IV NYHA). The level of creatinine, urea, uric acid, albumin in serum was determined in all patients, as well as a number of biomarkers: lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL) and cystatin C (CysC) in serum; kidney damage molecule-1 (KIM-1) and angiotensinogen (AGT) in the urine.
Results and discussion. AKI is determined based on changes in serum creatinine concentration or diuresis value. The results obtained indicate a high specificity and sensitivity of the use of biomarkers for the diagnosis of AKI in patients with ADHF. NGAL AUC – 0.833 (p<0.001), Se – 82.8%, Sp – 4.2%. CysC AUC – 0.823 (p<0.001), Se – 79.3%, Sp – 74.2%. KIM-1 AUC – 0.782 (p<0.001), Se – 75.9%, Sp – 74.2%. AGT AUC – 0.829 (p<0.001), Se – 82.8%, Sp – 77.4%. In a multifactorial regression analysis, it was found that with NGAL greater than 157.35 ng/ml, the risk of AKI increases 13.1 times (95% CI 1.365–126.431), with an increase in KIM-1, the risk of the development of AKI increases 20.6 times (95% CI 1.802–235.524), and with an increase in AGT more than 14.31 leng/ml, the risk of AKI increases 32.8 times (95% CI 2.752–390.110).
Conclusion. Acute kidney injury develops in 48.3% of patients hospitalized with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure. Patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure and AKI have significantly higher serum NGAL and CysC, KIM-1 and AGT values in the urine compared with patients without impairing renal function. These biomarkers can serve both for the early diagnosis of acute kidney damage and the prediction of AKI in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure.
Key words: acute renal injury, acute decompensation of heart failure, cardiorenal syndrome type I, biomarkers of acute renal injury.
Список литературы
1. Chioncel O, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP, Coats AJ, Piepoli MF, et al. Clinical phenotypes and outcome of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry Investigators. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(10):1242-54. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.890
2. Logeart D, Isnard R, Resche-Rigon M, Seronde MF, de Groote P, et al. Heart Failure of the French Society of Cardiology. Current aspects of the spectrum of acute heart failure syndromes in a real-life setting: the OFICA study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15:465-76. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs189
3. Panduranga P, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, Alazzawi AA, Abraham A, et al. Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Heart Failure Patients: Observations from the Oman Acute Heart Failure Registry. Oman Med J. 2016 May;31(3):188-95. doi: 10.5001/omj.2016.37
4. Harjola VP, Follath F, Nieminen MS, Brutsaert D, Dickstein K, et al. Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of mortality at 3 months and 1 year in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12:239-48. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq002
5. Maggioni AP, Dahlström U, Filippatos G, Chioncel O, Leiro MC, et al. Heart Failure Association of ESC (HFA). EURObservational Research Programme: the Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot). Eur J Heart Fail. 2010 Oct;12(10):1076-84. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq154
6. Parenica J, Spinar J, Vitovec J, Widimsky P, Linhart A, et al. Long-term survival following acute heart failure: The Acute Heart Failure Database-Main registry (AHEAD Main). Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24:151-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.11.005
7. Bader FM, Attallah N. Insights into cardiorenal interactions in acute decompensated heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017 Mar;32(2):203-8. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000378
8. Терещенко С.Н., Жиров И.В., Насонова С.Н., Николаева О.А., Ледяхова М.В. Патофизиология острой сердечной недостаточности. Что нового? Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;9(137):52-64 [Tereshchenko SN, Zhirov IV, Nasonova SN, Nikolaeva OA, Ledyakhova MV. Pathophysiology of acute heart failure. What’s new? Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Russ J Cardiol. 2016;9(137):52-64 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2016-9-52-64
9. Жиров И.В., Терещенко С.Н. Место серелаксина в лечении острой сердечной недостаточности: от уменьшения симптоматики к улучшению прогноза. Евразийский кардиологический журнал. 2015;(3):32-7 [Zhirov IV, Tereschenko SN. Serelaxin in the strategy of management the patients with acute decompensated heart failure: from decreasing of symptoms to the improvement of survival. Evraziiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Eurasian Heart Journal. 2015;(3):32-7 (In Russ.)].
10. Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and long-term renal and cardiovascular outcomes in United States veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:448-56. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02440213
11. Wu VC, Wu CH, Huang TM, Wang CY, Lai CF, Shiao CC, et al. Long-term risk of coronary events after AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:595-605. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013060610
12. Odutayo A, Wong CX, Farkouh M, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Emdin CA, et al. AKI and long-term risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jan;28(1):377-87. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016010105
13. Piccinni P, Cruz DN, Gramaticopolo S, Garzotto F, Dal Santo M, Aneloni G, Rocco M, Alessandri E, Giunta F, Michetti V, Iannuzzi M, Belluomo Anello C, Brienza N, Carlini M, Pelaia P, Gabbanelli V, Ronco C. Prospective multicenter study on epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the ICU: a critical care nephrology Italian collaborative effort (NEFROINT). Minerva Anestesiologica. 2011 Nov;77(11):1072-83.
14. McCullough PA, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Murray PT, Ronco C. ADQI Consensus on AKI Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndromes. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger. 2013;182:99-116. doi: 10.1159/000349969
15. Рекомендации по ведению пациентов с острой сердечной недостаточностью на догоспитальном и госпитальном этапах оказания медицинской помощи (часть 2). Неотложная кардиология. 2017;13(1):34-59 [A clinical guideline for management of patients with acute heart failure at pre-hospital and hospital stages of care delivery (part 2). Neotlozhnaya Kardiologiya = Emergency Cardiology. 2017;13(1):34-59 (In Russ.)].
16. Prins K, Thenappan T, Markowitz J, Pritzker M. Cardiorenal syndrome type 1: renal dysfunction in acute decompensated heart failure. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2015;22:443-54.
17. Jentzer JC, Chawla LS. A Clinical Approach to the Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome. Crit Care Clin. 2015 Oct;31(4):685-703. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.06.006
18. Shirakabe A, Hata N, Kobayashi N, Okazaki H, Matsushita M, et al. Worsening renal function definition is insufficient for evaluating acute renal failure in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2018 Feb 1. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12264 [Epub ahead of print].
19. Janssens U, Joannidis M. Acute cardiorenal syndromes. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2016 May;111(4):341-58. doi: 10.1007/s00063-016-0159-7. Epub 2016 May 10.
20. Virzì GM, Torregrossa R, Cruz DN, Chionh CY, de Cal M, et al. Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 May Be Immunologically Mediated: A Pilot Evaluation of Monocyte Apoptosis. Cardiorenal Med. 2012;2(1):33-42. doi: 000335499
21. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1-126.
22. Shyam R, Patel ML, Sachan R, Kumar S, Pushkar DK. Role of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Circulatory Shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov;21(11):740-5. doi: 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_315_17
23. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:1787-847.
24. Национальные рекомендации ОССН, РКО и РНМОТ по диагностике и лечению ХСН (четвертый пересмотр). Сердечная недостаточность. 2013;81(7):379-472 [National clinical guidelines (OSSN, RKO, RNMOT) on diagnostics and treatment of chronic heart failure (4th ed.). Serdechnaya nedostatochnost' = Russian Heart Failure Journal. 2013;81(7):379-472 (In Russ.)].
25. Клинические Практические Рекомендации KDIGO 2012 по Диагностике и Лечению Хронической Болезни Почек / KGIGO 2012. Нефрология и диализ. 2017;(1):22-206 [Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease / KGIGO 2012. Nefrologiya i dializ. 2017;(1):22-206 (In Russ.)].
26. Zhou Q, Zhao C, Xie D, Xu D, Bin J, et al. Acute and acute-on-chronic kidney injury of patients with decompensated heart failure: impact on outcomes. BMC Nephrol. 2012;13:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-51
27. Vandenberghe W, Gevaert S, Kellum JA, Bagshaw SM, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiorenal Med. 2016;6(2):116-28. doi: 10.1159/000442300
28. Thind GS, Loehrke M, Wilt JL. Acute cardiorenal syndrome: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Cleve Clin J Med. 2018;85(3):231-9. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a
29. Yang CH, Chang CH, Chen TH, Fan PC, Chang SW, Chen CC, et al. Combination of Urinary Biomarkers Improves Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ J. 2016;80(4):1017-23. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0886
30. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Beltrami M, Franci B, Pellegrini M, et al. Admission plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts worsening renal function during hospitalization and post discharge outcome in patients with acute heart failure. Acute Card Care. 2014;16(3):93-101. doi: 10.3109/17482941.2014.911915
31. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Pellegrini M, De Gori C, et al. Comparison of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Versus B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cystatin C to Predict Early Acute Kidney Injury and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(1):104-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.043
32. Nejat M, Pickering JW, Walker RJ, Endre ZH. Rapid detection of acute kidney injury by plasma cystatin C in the intensive care unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(10):3283-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfq176
33. Hu Y, Liu H, Du L, Wan J, Li X. Serum Cystatin C Predicts AKI and the Prognosis of Patients in Coronary Care Unit: a Prospective, Observational Study. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2017;42(6):961-73. doi: 10.1159/000485341
34. Yang X, Chen C, Tian J, et al. Urinary angiotensinogen level predicts AKI in acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective, two-stage study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26:2032-41. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014040408
35. Chen C, Yang X, Lei Y, Zha Y, Liu H, Ma C, et al. Urinary biomarkers at the time of aki diagnosis as predictors of progression of aki among patients with acute cardiorenal syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11:1536-44. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00910116
2. Logeart D, Isnard R, Resche-Rigon M, Seronde MF, de Groote P, et al. Heart Failure of the French Society of Cardiology. Current aspects of the spectrum of acute heart failure syndromes in a real-life setting: the OFICA study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15:465-76. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs189
3. Panduranga P, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, Alazzawi AA, Abraham A, et al. Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Heart Failure Patients: Observations from the Oman Acute Heart Failure Registry. Oman Med J. 2016 May;31(3):188-95. doi: 10.5001/omj.2016.37
4. Harjola VP, Follath F, Nieminen MS, Brutsaert D, Dickstein K, et al. Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of mortality at 3 months and 1 year in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12:239-48. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq002
5. Maggioni AP, Dahlström U, Filippatos G, Chioncel O, Leiro MC, et al. Heart Failure Association of ESC (HFA). EURObservational Research Programme: the Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot). Eur J Heart Fail. 2010 Oct;12(10):1076-84. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq154
6. Parenica J, Spinar J, Vitovec J, Widimsky P, Linhart A, et al. Long-term survival following acute heart failure: The Acute Heart Failure Database-Main registry (AHEAD Main). Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24:151-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.11.005
7. Bader FM, Attallah N. Insights into cardiorenal interactions in acute decompensated heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017 Mar;32(2):203-8. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000378
8. Терещенко С.Н., Жиров И.В., Насонова С.Н., Николаева О.А., Ледяхова М.В. Патофизиология острой сердечной недостаточности. Что нового? Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;9(137):52-64 [Tereshchenko SN, Zhirov IV, Nasonova SN, Nikolaeva OA, Ledyakhova MV. Pathophysiology of acute heart failure. What’s new? Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Russ J Cardiol. 2016;9(137):52-64 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2016-9-52-64
9. Zhirov IV, Tereschenko SN. Serelaxin in the strategy of management the patients with acute decompensated heart failure: from decreasing of symptoms to the improvement of survival. Evraziiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Eurasian Heart Journal. 2015;(3):32-7 (In Russ.).
10. Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and long-term renal and cardiovascular outcomes in United States veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:448-56. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02440213
11. Wu VC, Wu CH, Huang TM, Wang CY, Lai CF, Shiao CC, et al. Long-term risk of coronary events after AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:595-605. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013060610
12. Odutayo A, Wong CX, Farkouh M, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Emdin CA, et al. AKI and long-term risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jan;28(1):377-87. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016010105
13. Piccinni P, Cruz DN, Gramaticopolo S, Garzotto F, Dal Santo M, Aneloni G, Rocco M, Alessandri E, Giunta F, Michetti V, Iannuzzi M, Belluomo Anello C, Brienza N, Carlini M, Pelaia P, Gabbanelli V, Ronco C. Prospective multicenter study on epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the ICU: a critical care nephrology Italian collaborative effort (NEFROINT). Minerva Anestesiologica. 2011 Nov;77(11):1072-83.
14. McCullough PA, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Murray PT, Ronco C. ADQI Consensus on AKI Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndromes. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger. 2013;182:99-116. doi: 10.1159/000349969
15. A clinical guideline for management of patients with acute heart failure at pre-hospital and hospital stages of care delivery (part 2). Neotlozhnaya Kardiologiya = Emergency Cardiology. 2017;13(1):34-59 (In Russ.).
16. Prins K, Thenappan T, Markowitz J, Pritzker M. Cardiorenal syndrome type 1: renal dysfunction in acute decompensated heart failure. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2015;22:443-54.
17. Jentzer JC, Chawla LS. A Clinical Approach to the Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome. Crit Care Clin. 2015 Oct;31(4):685-703. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.06.006
18. Shirakabe A, Hata N, Kobayashi N, Okazaki H, Matsushita M, et al. Worsening renal function definition is insufficient for evaluating acute renal failure in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2018 Feb 1. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12264 [Epub ahead of print].
19. Janssens U, Joannidis M. Acute cardiorenal syndromes. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2016 May;111(4):341-58. doi: 10.1007/s00063-016-0159-7. Epub 2016 May 10.
20. Virzì GM, Torregrossa R, Cruz DN, Chionh CY, de Cal M, et al. Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 May Be Immunologically Mediated: A Pilot Evaluation of Monocyte Apoptosis. Cardiorenal Med. 2012;2(1):33-42. doi: 000335499
21. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1-126.
22. Shyam R, Patel ML, Sachan R, Kumar S, Pushkar DK. Role of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Circulatory Shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov;21(11):740-5. doi: 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_315_17
23. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:1787-847.
24. National clinical guidelines (OSSN, RKO, RNMOT) on diagnostics and treatment of chronic heart failure (4th ed.). Serdechnaya nedostatochnost' = Russian Heart Failure Journal. 2013;81(7):379-472 (In Russ.).
25. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease / KGIGO 2012. Nefrologiya i dializ. 2017;(1):22-206 (In Russ.).
26. Zhou Q, Zhao C, Xie D, Xu D, Bin J, et al. Acute and acute-on-chronic kidney injury of patients with decompensated heart failure: impact on outcomes. BMC Nephrol. 2012;13:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-51
27. Vandenberghe W, Gevaert S, Kellum JA, Bagshaw SM, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiorenal Med. 2016;6(2):116-28. doi: 10.1159/000442300
28. Thind GS, Loehrke M, Wilt JL. Acute cardiorenal syndrome: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Cleve Clin J Med. 2018;85(3):231-9. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a
29. Yang CH, Chang CH, Chen TH, Fan PC, Chang SW, Chen CC, et al. Combination of Urinary Biomarkers Improves Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ J. 2016;80(4):1017-23. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0886
30. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Beltrami M, Franci B, Pellegrini M, et al. Admission plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts worsening renal function during hospitalization and post discharge outcome in patients with acute heart failure. Acute Card Care. 2014;16(3):93-101. doi: 10.3109/17482941.2014.911915
31. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Pellegrini M, De Gori C, et al. Comparison of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Versus B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cystatin C to Predict Early Acute Kidney Injury and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(1):104-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.043
32. Nejat M, Pickering JW, Walker RJ, Endre ZH. Rapid detection of acute kidney injury by plasma cystatin C in the intensive care unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(10):3283-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfq176
33. Hu Y, Liu H, Du L, Wan J, Li X. Serum Cystatin C Predicts AKI and the Prognosis of Patients in Coronary Care Unit: a Prospective, Observational Study. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2017;42(6):961-73. doi: 10.1159/000485341
34. Yang X, Chen C, Tian J, et al. Urinary angiotensinogen level predicts AKI in acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective, two-stage study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26:2032-41. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014040408
35. Chen C, Yang X, Lei Y, Zha Y, Liu H, Ma C, et al. Urinary biomarkers at the time of aki diagnosis as predictors of progression of aki among patients with acute cardiorenal syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11:1536-44. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00910116
2. Logeart D, Isnard R, Resche-Rigon M, Seronde MF, de Groote P, et al. Heart Failure of the French Society of Cardiology. Current aspects of the spectrum of acute heart failure syndromes in a real-life setting: the OFICA study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15:465-76. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs189
3. Panduranga P, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, Alazzawi AA, Abraham A, et al. Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Heart Failure Patients: Observations from the Oman Acute Heart Failure Registry. Oman Med J. 2016 May;31(3):188-95. doi: 10.5001/omj.2016.37
4. Harjola VP, Follath F, Nieminen MS, Brutsaert D, Dickstein K, et al. Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of mortality at 3 months and 1 year in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12:239-48. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq002
5. Maggioni AP, Dahlström U, Filippatos G, Chioncel O, Leiro MC, et al. Heart Failure Association of ESC (HFA). EURObservational Research Programme: the Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot). Eur J Heart Fail. 2010 Oct;12(10):1076-84. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq154
6. Parenica J, Spinar J, Vitovec J, Widimsky P, Linhart A, et al. Long-term survival following acute heart failure: The Acute Heart Failure Database-Main registry (AHEAD Main). Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24:151-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.11.005
7. Bader FM, Attallah N. Insights into cardiorenal interactions in acute decompensated heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017 Mar;32(2):203-8. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000378
8. Терещенко С.Н., Жиров И.В., Насонова С.Н., Николаева О.А., Ледяхова М.В. Патофизиология острой сердечной недостаточности. Что нового? Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;9(137):52-64 [Tereshchenko SN, Zhirov IV, Nasonova SN, Nikolaeva OA, Ledyakhova MV. Pathophysiology of acute heart failure. What’s new? Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Russ J Cardiol. 2016;9(137):52-64 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2016-9-52-64
9. Жиров И.В., Терещенко С.Н. Место серелаксина в лечении острой сердечной недостаточности: от уменьшения симптоматики к улучшению прогноза. Евразийский кардиологический журнал. 2015;(3):32-7 [Zhirov IV, Tereschenko SN. Serelaxin in the strategy of management the patients with acute decompensated heart failure: from decreasing of symptoms to the improvement of survival. Evraziiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Eurasian Heart Journal. 2015;(3):32-7 (In Russ.)].
10. Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and long-term renal and cardiovascular outcomes in United States veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:448-56. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02440213
11. Wu VC, Wu CH, Huang TM, Wang CY, Lai CF, Shiao CC, et al. Long-term risk of coronary events after AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:595-605. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013060610
12. Odutayo A, Wong CX, Farkouh M, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Emdin CA, et al. AKI and long-term risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jan;28(1):377-87. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016010105
13. Piccinni P, Cruz DN, Gramaticopolo S, Garzotto F, Dal Santo M, Aneloni G, Rocco M, Alessandri E, Giunta F, Michetti V, Iannuzzi M, Belluomo Anello C, Brienza N, Carlini M, Pelaia P, Gabbanelli V, Ronco C. Prospective multicenter study on epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the ICU: a critical care nephrology Italian collaborative effort (NEFROINT). Minerva Anestesiologica. 2011 Nov;77(11):1072-83.
14. McCullough PA, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Murray PT, Ronco C. ADQI Consensus on AKI Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndromes. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger. 2013;182:99-116. doi: 10.1159/000349969
15. Рекомендации по ведению пациентов с острой сердечной недостаточностью на догоспитальном и госпитальном этапах оказания медицинской помощи (часть 2). Неотложная кардиология. 2017;13(1):34-59 [A clinical guideline for management of patients with acute heart failure at pre-hospital and hospital stages of care delivery (part 2). Neotlozhnaya Kardiologiya = Emergency Cardiology. 2017;13(1):34-59 (In Russ.)].
16. Prins K, Thenappan T, Markowitz J, Pritzker M. Cardiorenal syndrome type 1: renal dysfunction in acute decompensated heart failure. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2015;22:443-54.
17. Jentzer JC, Chawla LS. A Clinical Approach to the Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome. Crit Care Clin. 2015 Oct;31(4):685-703. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.06.006
18. Shirakabe A, Hata N, Kobayashi N, Okazaki H, Matsushita M, et al. Worsening renal function definition is insufficient for evaluating acute renal failure in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2018 Feb 1. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12264 [Epub ahead of print].
19. Janssens U, Joannidis M. Acute cardiorenal syndromes. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2016 May;111(4):341-58. doi: 10.1007/s00063-016-0159-7. Epub 2016 May 10.
20. Virzì GM, Torregrossa R, Cruz DN, Chionh CY, de Cal M, et al. Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 May Be Immunologically Mediated: A Pilot Evaluation of Monocyte Apoptosis. Cardiorenal Med. 2012;2(1):33-42. doi: 000335499
21. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1-126.
22. Shyam R, Patel ML, Sachan R, Kumar S, Pushkar DK. Role of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Circulatory Shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov;21(11):740-5. doi: 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_315_17
23. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:1787-847.
24. Национальные рекомендации ОССН, РКО и РНМОТ по диагностике и лечению ХСН (четвертый пересмотр). Сердечная недостаточность. 2013;81(7):379-472 [National clinical guidelines (OSSN, RKO, RNMOT) on diagnostics and treatment of chronic heart failure (4th ed.). Serdechnaya nedostatochnost' = Russian Heart Failure Journal. 2013;81(7):379-472 (In Russ.)].
25. Клинические Практические Рекомендации KDIGO 2012 по Диагностике и Лечению Хронической Болезни Почек / KGIGO 2012. Нефрология и диализ. 2017;(1):22-206 [Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease / KGIGO 2012. Nefrologiya i dializ. 2017;(1):22-206 (In Russ.)].
26. Zhou Q, Zhao C, Xie D, Xu D, Bin J, et al. Acute and acute-on-chronic kidney injury of patients with decompensated heart failure: impact on outcomes. BMC Nephrol. 2012;13:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-51
27. Vandenberghe W, Gevaert S, Kellum JA, Bagshaw SM, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiorenal Med. 2016;6(2):116-28. doi: 10.1159/000442300
28. Thind GS, Loehrke M, Wilt JL. Acute cardiorenal syndrome: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Cleve Clin J Med. 2018;85(3):231-9. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a
29. Yang CH, Chang CH, Chen TH, Fan PC, Chang SW, Chen CC, et al. Combination of Urinary Biomarkers Improves Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ J. 2016;80(4):1017-23. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0886
30. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Beltrami M, Franci B, Pellegrini M, et al. Admission plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts worsening renal function during hospitalization and post discharge outcome in patients with acute heart failure. Acute Card Care. 2014;16(3):93-101. doi: 10.3109/17482941.2014.911915
31. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Pellegrini M, De Gori C, et al. Comparison of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Versus B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cystatin C to Predict Early Acute Kidney Injury and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(1):104-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.043
32. Nejat M, Pickering JW, Walker RJ, Endre ZH. Rapid detection of acute kidney injury by plasma cystatin C in the intensive care unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(10):3283-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfq176
33. Hu Y, Liu H, Du L, Wan J, Li X. Serum Cystatin C Predicts AKI and the Prognosis of Patients in Coronary Care Unit: a Prospective, Observational Study. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2017;42(6):961-73. doi: 10.1159/000485341
34. Yang X, Chen C, Tian J, et al. Urinary angiotensinogen level predicts AKI in acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective, two-stage study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26:2032-41. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014040408
35. Chen C, Yang X, Lei Y, Zha Y, Liu H, Ma C, et al. Urinary biomarkers at the time of aki diagnosis as predictors of progression of aki among patients with acute cardiorenal syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11:1536-44. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00910116
________________________________________________
2. Logeart D, Isnard R, Resche-Rigon M, Seronde MF, de Groote P, et al. Heart Failure of the French Society of Cardiology. Current aspects of the spectrum of acute heart failure syndromes in a real-life setting: the OFICA study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15:465-76. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs189
3. Panduranga P, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, Alazzawi AA, Abraham A, et al. Demographics, Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Heart Failure Patients: Observations from the Oman Acute Heart Failure Registry. Oman Med J. 2016 May;31(3):188-95. doi: 10.5001/omj.2016.37
4. Harjola VP, Follath F, Nieminen MS, Brutsaert D, Dickstein K, et al. Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of mortality at 3 months and 1 year in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12:239-48. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq002
5. Maggioni AP, Dahlström U, Filippatos G, Chioncel O, Leiro MC, et al. Heart Failure Association of ESC (HFA). EURObservational Research Programme: the Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot). Eur J Heart Fail. 2010 Oct;12(10):1076-84. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq154
6. Parenica J, Spinar J, Vitovec J, Widimsky P, Linhart A, et al. Long-term survival following acute heart failure: The Acute Heart Failure Database-Main registry (AHEAD Main). Eur J Intern Med. 2013;24:151-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.11.005
7. Bader FM, Attallah N. Insights into cardiorenal interactions in acute decompensated heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017 Mar;32(2):203-8. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000378
8. Терещенко С.Н., Жиров И.В., Насонова С.Н., Николаева О.А., Ледяхова М.В. Патофизиология острой сердечной недостаточности. Что нового? Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;9(137):52-64 [Tereshchenko SN, Zhirov IV, Nasonova SN, Nikolaeva OA, Ledyakhova MV. Pathophysiology of acute heart failure. What’s new? Rossiiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Russ J Cardiol. 2016;9(137):52-64 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2016-9-52-64
9. Zhirov IV, Tereschenko SN. Serelaxin in the strategy of management the patients with acute decompensated heart failure: from decreasing of symptoms to the improvement of survival. Evraziiskii Kardiologicheskii Zhurnal = Eurasian Heart Journal. 2015;(3):32-7 (In Russ.).
10. Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and long-term renal and cardiovascular outcomes in United States veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:448-56. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02440213
11. Wu VC, Wu CH, Huang TM, Wang CY, Lai CF, Shiao CC, et al. Long-term risk of coronary events after AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:595-605. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013060610
12. Odutayo A, Wong CX, Farkouh M, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Emdin CA, et al. AKI and long-term risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jan;28(1):377-87. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016010105
13. Piccinni P, Cruz DN, Gramaticopolo S, Garzotto F, Dal Santo M, Aneloni G, Rocco M, Alessandri E, Giunta F, Michetti V, Iannuzzi M, Belluomo Anello C, Brienza N, Carlini M, Pelaia P, Gabbanelli V, Ronco C. Prospective multicenter study on epidemiology of acute kidney injury in the ICU: a critical care nephrology Italian collaborative effort (NEFROINT). Minerva Anestesiologica. 2011 Nov;77(11):1072-83.
14. McCullough PA, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Murray PT, Ronco C. ADQI Consensus on AKI Biomarkers and Cardiorenal Syndromes. Contrib Nephrol. Basel, Karger. 2013;182:99-116. doi: 10.1159/000349969
15. A clinical guideline for management of patients with acute heart failure at pre-hospital and hospital stages of care delivery (part 2). Neotlozhnaya Kardiologiya = Emergency Cardiology. 2017;13(1):34-59 (In Russ.).
16. Prins K, Thenappan T, Markowitz J, Pritzker M. Cardiorenal syndrome type 1: renal dysfunction in acute decompensated heart failure. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2015;22:443-54.
17. Jentzer JC, Chawla LS. A Clinical Approach to the Acute Cardiorenal Syndrome. Crit Care Clin. 2015 Oct;31(4):685-703. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.06.006
18. Shirakabe A, Hata N, Kobayashi N, Okazaki H, Matsushita M, et al. Worsening renal function definition is insufficient for evaluating acute renal failure in acute heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2018 Feb 1. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12264 [Epub ahead of print].
19. Janssens U, Joannidis M. Acute cardiorenal syndromes. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2016 May;111(4):341-58. doi: 10.1007/s00063-016-0159-7. Epub 2016 May 10.
20. Virzì GM, Torregrossa R, Cruz DN, Chionh CY, de Cal M, et al. Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 May Be Immunologically Mediated: A Pilot Evaluation of Monocyte Apoptosis. Cardiorenal Med. 2012;2(1):33-42. doi: 000335499
21. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1-126.
22. Shyam R, Patel ML, Sachan R, Kumar S, Pushkar DK. Role of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Circulatory Shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2017 Nov;21(11):740-5. doi: 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_315_17
23. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:1787-847.
24. National clinical guidelines (OSSN, RKO, RNMOT) on diagnostics and treatment of chronic heart failure (4th ed.). Serdechnaya nedostatochnost' = Russian Heart Failure Journal. 2013;81(7):379-472 (In Russ.).
25. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease / KGIGO 2012. Nefrologiya i dializ. 2017;(1):22-206 (In Russ.).
26. Zhou Q, Zhao C, Xie D, Xu D, Bin J, et al. Acute and acute-on-chronic kidney injury of patients with decompensated heart failure: impact on outcomes. BMC Nephrol. 2012;13:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-51
27. Vandenberghe W, Gevaert S, Kellum JA, Bagshaw SM, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiorenal Med. 2016;6(2):116-28. doi: 10.1159/000442300
28. Thind GS, Loehrke M, Wilt JL. Acute cardiorenal syndrome: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Cleve Clin J Med. 2018;85(3):231-9. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.85a
29. Yang CH, Chang CH, Chen TH, Fan PC, Chang SW, Chen CC, et al. Combination of Urinary Biomarkers Improves Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Heart Failure. Circ J. 2016;80(4):1017-23. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0886
30. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Beltrami M, Franci B, Pellegrini M, et al. Admission plasma neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts worsening renal function during hospitalization and post discharge outcome in patients with acute heart failure. Acute Card Care. 2014;16(3):93-101. doi: 10.3109/17482941.2014.911915
31. Palazzuoli A, Ruocco G, Pellegrini M, De Gori C, et al. Comparison of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Versus B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cystatin C to Predict Early Acute Kidney Injury and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Am J Cardiol. 2015;116(1):104-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.043
32. Nejat M, Pickering JW, Walker RJ, Endre ZH. Rapid detection of acute kidney injury by plasma cystatin C in the intensive care unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(10):3283-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfq176
33. Hu Y, Liu H, Du L, Wan J, Li X. Serum Cystatin C Predicts AKI and the Prognosis of Patients in Coronary Care Unit: a Prospective, Observational Study. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2017;42(6):961-73. doi: 10.1159/000485341
34. Yang X, Chen C, Tian J, et al. Urinary angiotensinogen level predicts AKI in acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective, two-stage study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26:2032-41. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014040408
35. Chen C, Yang X, Lei Y, Zha Y, Liu H, Ma C, et al. Urinary biomarkers at the time of aki diagnosis as predictors of progression of aki among patients with acute cardiorenal syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11:1536-44. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00910116
Авторы
С.Н. Насонова 1, И.В. Жиров 1,2, М.В. Ледяхова 1, Т.В. Шарф 1, Е.Г. Босых 1, В.П. Масенко 1, С.Н. Терещенко 1,2
1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
1 National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia;
2 Russian Medical Academy Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
1 ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
________________________________________________
1 National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia;
2 Russian Medical Academy Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.