Вовлечение центральной нервной системы и целесообразность профилактики рецидива в центральную нервную систему у больных нодальной формой диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы (неспецифицированной). Данные проспективного исследования
Вовлечение центральной нервной системы и целесообразность профилактики рецидива в центральную нервную систему у больных нодальной формой диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы (неспецифицированной). Данные проспективного исследования
Магомедова А.У., Мисюрина А.Е., Мангасарова Я.К. и др. Вовлечение центральной нервной системы и целесообразность профилактики рецидива в центральную нервную систему у больных нодальной формой диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы (неспецифицированной). Данные проспективного исследования. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91 (7): 35–40. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.07.000323
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Аннотация
Целью работы является определение показаний к проведению профилактики рецидива диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы (ДВККЛ) с вовлечением центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) путем введения химиопрепаратов в спинномозговой канал.
Материалы и методы. С января 2009 по декабрь 2018 г. в ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России проводилось лечение 102 больным первичной нодальной ДВККЛ старше 18 лет. Всем больным проводили гистологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследования, позволившие исключить трансформацию зрелоклеточной лимфомы в ДВККЛ.
Результаты. Вовлечение оболочек головного мозга/нейролейкемия в дебюте заболевания диагностировано у 1 (0,98%) больного. Очагового вовлечения вещества головного мозга не выявлено ни у одного пациента. Более половины больных (54%) имели высокий риск развития рецидива или прогрессии с вовлечением ЦНС: у 8 (7,8%) больных отмечалось вовлечение почек/надпочечников, в таком же проценте – костного мозга, параназальных синусов – у 5 (4,9%), эпидурального пространства – у 7 (6,9%) и молочных желез – у 5 (4,9%) больных. У 82 (80,1%) пациентов определен постгерминальный (из В-клеток постгерминальной дифференцировки – non-GCB) молекулярный подтип ДВККЛ.
Заключение. Введение химиопрепаратов в спинномозговой канал показано в единичных случаях, когда в момент манифестации ДВККЛ у больных выявляется вовлечение оболочек/нейролейкемия, и проводится согласно стандартным рекомендациям. Профилактическое введение цитостатических препаратов в спинномозговой канал не показано ввиду отсутствия рецидивов ДВККЛ с вовлечением ЦНС у больных, проходивших лечение как по протоколу m-NHL-BFM-90, так и R-CHOP, R-DA-EPOCH.
Ключевые слова: нодальная диффузная B-клеточная крупноклеточная лимфома, профилактика вовлечения центральной нервной системы в рецидиве заболевания.
Materials and methods. Since January 2009 to December 2018 102 patients with primary nodal DLBCL over 18 years old were treated in the National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation. Diagnosis were established in all cases according to histological and immunohistochemical studies which made it possible to exclude the transformation of mature B-cell lymphoma into DLBCL.
Results. Isolated leptomeningeal involvement of CNS in the debut of the disease was detected in 1 (0.98%) out of 102 patients with DLBCL. Focal brain tissue involvement was not detected in any patient. More than half of the patients (54%) had a high risk of disease recurrence or progression with CNS involvement: in 8 (7.8%) patients had kidney/adrenal involvement, in the same proportion – bone marrow involvement, paranasal sinuses involvement – in 5 (4.9 %), epidural space – in 7 (6.9%) and breast – in 5 (4.9%) of patients. In 82 (80%) patients, a non-GCB (postgerminal differentiation of B-cell analog) molecular subtype of DLBCL was determined.
Conclusion. The introduction of chemotherapy drugs into the spinal canal is recommended in isolated cases of leptomeningeal involvement of CNS at the time of DLBCL onset and is carried out according to standard recommendations. Prevention of relapse with involvement of central nervous system using intratecal chemotherapy in patients with nodal form of DLBCL is not indicated due to the absence of cases with disease progression or recurrence into CNS when patients were treated with R-m-NHL-BFM-90, R-DA-EPOCH and R-CHOP protocol.
Keywords: nodal form of diffuse B-cell large cell lymphoma, prophylaxis of relapse with central nervous system involvement.
Материалы и методы. С января 2009 по декабрь 2018 г. в ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России проводилось лечение 102 больным первичной нодальной ДВККЛ старше 18 лет. Всем больным проводили гистологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследования, позволившие исключить трансформацию зрелоклеточной лимфомы в ДВККЛ.
Результаты. Вовлечение оболочек головного мозга/нейролейкемия в дебюте заболевания диагностировано у 1 (0,98%) больного. Очагового вовлечения вещества головного мозга не выявлено ни у одного пациента. Более половины больных (54%) имели высокий риск развития рецидива или прогрессии с вовлечением ЦНС: у 8 (7,8%) больных отмечалось вовлечение почек/надпочечников, в таком же проценте – костного мозга, параназальных синусов – у 5 (4,9%), эпидурального пространства – у 7 (6,9%) и молочных желез – у 5 (4,9%) больных. У 82 (80,1%) пациентов определен постгерминальный (из В-клеток постгерминальной дифференцировки – non-GCB) молекулярный подтип ДВККЛ.
Заключение. Введение химиопрепаратов в спинномозговой канал показано в единичных случаях, когда в момент манифестации ДВККЛ у больных выявляется вовлечение оболочек/нейролейкемия, и проводится согласно стандартным рекомендациям. Профилактическое введение цитостатических препаратов в спинномозговой канал не показано ввиду отсутствия рецидивов ДВККЛ с вовлечением ЦНС у больных, проходивших лечение как по протоколу m-NHL-BFM-90, так и R-CHOP, R-DA-EPOCH.
Ключевые слова: нодальная диффузная B-клеточная крупноклеточная лимфома, профилактика вовлечения центральной нервной системы в рецидиве заболевания.
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Materials and methods. Since January 2009 to December 2018 102 patients with primary nodal DLBCL over 18 years old were treated in the National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation. Diagnosis were established in all cases according to histological and immunohistochemical studies which made it possible to exclude the transformation of mature B-cell lymphoma into DLBCL.
Results. Isolated leptomeningeal involvement of CNS in the debut of the disease was detected in 1 (0.98%) out of 102 patients with DLBCL. Focal brain tissue involvement was not detected in any patient. More than half of the patients (54%) had a high risk of disease recurrence or progression with CNS involvement: in 8 (7.8%) patients had kidney/adrenal involvement, in the same proportion – bone marrow involvement, paranasal sinuses involvement – in 5 (4.9 %), epidural space – in 7 (6.9%) and breast – in 5 (4.9%) of patients. In 82 (80%) patients, a non-GCB (postgerminal differentiation of B-cell analog) molecular subtype of DLBCL was determined.
Conclusion. The introduction of chemotherapy drugs into the spinal canal is recommended in isolated cases of leptomeningeal involvement of CNS at the time of DLBCL onset and is carried out according to standard recommendations. Prevention of relapse with involvement of central nervous system using intratecal chemotherapy in patients with nodal form of DLBCL is not indicated due to the absence of cases with disease progression or recurrence into CNS when patients were treated with R-m-NHL-BFM-90, R-DA-EPOCH and R-CHOP protocol.
Keywords: nodal form of diffuse B-cell large cell lymphoma, prophylaxis of relapse with central nervous system involvement.
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3. Holte H, Lepp¨a S, Bj¨orkholm M. Dose-densified hemoimmunotherapy followed by systemic central nervous system prophylaxis for younger high-risk diffuse large B-cell/follicular grade 3 lymphoma patients: results of a phase II Nordic Lymphoma Group study. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(5):1385-92. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds621 [eng.]
4. Cabannes-Hamy A, Peyrade F, Jardin F, Emile JF, Delwail V, Mounier N, Haioun C, Perrot A, Fitoussi O, Lara D, Delarue R, André M, Offner F, Ghesquières H, Pascal L, Soussain C, Lazarovici J, Schiano JM, Gaulard P, Tilly H, Thieblemont C. LYSA studies. Cancer Medicine. 2018;7(3):539-48. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1139 [eng.]
5. Boehme V, Schmitz N, Zeynalova S, Loeffler M, Pfreundschuh M. CNS events in elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma treated with modern chemotherapy (CHOP-14) with or without rituximab: an analysis of patients treated in the RICOVER-60 trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Blood. 2009;113(17):3896-902. doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-10-182253 [eng.]
6. Bernstein SH, Unger JM, Leblanc M, Friedberg J, Miller TP, Fisher RI. Natural history of CNS relapse in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a 20-year follow-up analysis of SWOG 8516 – the Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(1):114-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8021 [eng.]
7. Tilly H, Lepage E, Coiffier B, Blanc M, Herbrecht R, Bosly A, Attal M, Fillet G, Guettier C, Molina TJ, Gisselbrecht C, Reyes; Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de ’Adulte. Intensive conventional chemotherapy (ACVBP regimen) compared with standard CHOP for poor-prognosis aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2003;102(13):4284-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8021 [eng.]
8. Villa D, Connors JM, Sehn LH, Gascoyne RD, Savage KJ. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with involvement of the kidney: outcome and risk of central nervous system relapse. Haematologica. 2011;96(7):1002-7. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2011.041277 [eng.]
9. Abramson JS, Hellmann M, Barnes JA, Hammerman P, Toomey C, Takvorian T, Muzikansky A, Hochberg EP. Intravenous methotrexate as central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis is associated with a low risk of CNS recurrence in high-risk patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer. 2010;116(18):4283-90. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25278 [eng.]
10. Gleeson M, Counsell N, Cunningham D, Chadwick N. Central nervous system relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: results of the UK NCRI R-CHOP-14 versus 21 trial. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(Issue 10). doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx353 [eng.]
11. Ferreri AJ, Bruno-Ventre M, Donadoni G, Ponzoni M, Citterio G, Foppoli M, Vignati A, Scarfò L, Sassone M, Govi S, Caligaris-Cappio F. Risk-tailored CNS prophylaxis in a mono-institutional series of 200 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the rituximab era. Br J Clin Oncol. 2015;168(5):654-62. doi:10.1111/bjh.13194 [eng.]
12. Phillips EH, Kirkwood AA, Lawrie A. Low rates of CNS relapse in high risk DLBCL patients treated with R-CODOX-M and R-IVAC: results from a phase 2 UK NCRI/Bloodwise trial. Blood. 2016;128(22):1855 [eng.].
13. Haioun C, Besson C, Lepage E. Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system relapse in istologically aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma uniformly treated and receiving intrathecal central nervous system prophylaxis: a GELA study on 974 patients. Ann Oncol. 2017;11(6):685-90 [eng.].
14. Tomita N, Takasaki H, Ishiyama Y, Kishimoto K, Ishibashi D, Koyama S, Ishii Y, Takahashi H, Numata A, Watanabe R, Tachibana T, Ohshima R, Hagihara M, Hashimoto C, Takemura S, Taguchi J, Fujimaki K, Sakai R, Motomura S, Ishigatsubo Y. Intrathecal methotrexate prophylaxis and central nervous system relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma following rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone. LeukLymphoma. 2015;56(3):725-9. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2014. 931953 [eng.]
15. Cheah CY, Herbert KE, O'Rourke K, Kennedy GA, George A, Fedele PL, Gilbertson M, Tan SY, Ritchie DS, Opat SS, Prince HM, Dickinson M, Burbury K, Wolf M, Januszewicz EH, Tam CS, Westerman DA, Carney DA, Harrison SJ, Seymour JF. A multicentre retrospective comparison of central nervous system prophylaxis strategies among patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Cancer. 2014;111(6):1072-9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.405 [eng.]
16. Kansara R, Villa D, Gerrie AS, Klasa R, Shenkier T, Scott DW, Slack GW, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Sehn LH, Savage KJ. Site of central nervous system (CNS) relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by the CNS-IPI risk model [published online ahead of print 22 July 2016]. Br J Haematol. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14229 [eng.]
17. Российские клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению лимфопролиферативных заболеваний. Под ред. И.В. Поддубной и В.Г. Савченко. 2018:58-59 [Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases. Book edited by IV Poddubnoy and VG Savchenko. 2018:58-59 (In Russ.)].
18. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018. Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma. National Comprehensive Cancer Network [eng.]
19. [Magomedova AU, Volkova YK, Kravchenko SK, Kremenetskaya AM, Zvonkov EE, Vorobiyv AI. Prevention of neuroleukemia in adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma of the lymphoid organs. Congress Hematologist, Yerevan, 2008 (In Russ.)].
20. Haioun C, Besson C, Lepage E, Thieblemont C, Simon D, Rose C, Tilly H, Sonet A, Lederlin P, Attal M, Brière J, Reyes F. Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system relapse in histologically aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma uniformly treated and receiving intrathecal central nervous system prophylaxis: a GELA study on 974 patients. Ann Oncol. 2017;11(6):685-90 [eng.]
21. Papageorgiou SG, Diamantopoulos P, Levidou G, Angelopoulou MK, Economopoulou P, Efthimiou A, Constantinou N, Katsigiannis A, Korkolopoulou P, Pappa V, Economopoulou C, Georgiou G, Dimou M, Tsirigotis P, Kyrtsonis MC, Kotsianidis I, Kalpadakis C, Dimopoulos MA, Beris P, Meletis J, Pangalis GA, Dervenoulas J, Panayiotidis P, Vassilakopoulos TP. Isolated central nervous system relapses in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma after CHOP-like chemotherapy with or without rituximab. Hematol Oncol. 2013;31(1):10-7. doi: 10.1002/hon.2012 [eng.]
22. Stein H, Warnke RA, Chan WC, Jaffe ES. Diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma. WHO Classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 2008:233-257 [eng.]
23. Boehme V, Zeynalova S, Kloess M, Loeffler M, Kaiser U, Pfreundschuh M, Schmitz N. German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system recurrence in aggressive lymphoma: a survey of 1693 patients treated in protocols of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Ann Oncol. 2007;18(1):149-57. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdl327 [eng.]
24. Schmitz N, Zeynalova S, Nickelsen M, Kansara R, Villa D, Sehn LH, Glass B, Scott DW, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Ziepert M, Pfreundschuh M, Loeffler M, Savage KJ. CNS International Prognostic Index: a risk model for CNS relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with RCHOP. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(26):3150-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2015.65. 6520 [eng.]
25. Savage KJ, Slack GW, Mottok A, Sehn LH, Villa D, Kansara R, Kridel R, Steidl C, Ennishi D, Tan KL, Ben-Neriah S, Johnson NA, Connors JM, Farinha P, Scott DW, Gascoyne RD. Impact of dual expression of MYC and BCL2 by immunohistochemistry on the risk of CNS relapse in DLBCL. Blood. 2016;127(18):2182-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-10-676700. Epub 2016 Feb 1 [eng.]
26. Horn H, Ziepert M, Becher C, Barth TF, Bernd HW, Feller AC, Klapper W, Hummel M, Stein H, Hansmann ML, Schmelter C, Möller P, Cogliatti S, Pfreundschuh M, Schmitz N, Trümper L, Siebert R, Loeffler M, Rosenwald A, Ott G. German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group. MYC status in concert with BCL2 and BCL6 expression predicts outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013;121(12):2253-63. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-06-435842 [eng.]
27. El-Galaly TC, Cheah CY, Hutchings M, Mikhaeel NG, Savage KJ, Sehn LH, Barrington S, Hansen JW, Poulsen MØ, Smith D, Rady K, Mylam KJ, Larsen TS, Holmberg S, Juul MB, Cordua S, Clausen MR, Jensen KB, Bøgsted M, Johnsen HE, Seymour JF, Connors JM, Brown PD, Villa D. Uterine, but not ovarian, female reproductive organ involvement at presentation by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is associated with poor outcomes and a high frequency of secondary CNS involvement. Br J Haematol. 2016;175(5):876-83. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14325 [eng.]
28. El-Galaly TC, Villa D, Michaelsen TY, Hutchings M, Mikhaeel NG, Savage KJ, Sehn LH, Barrington S, Hansen JW, Smith D, Rady K, Mylam KJ, Larsen TS, Holmberg S, Juul MB, Cordua S, Clausen MR, Jensen KB, Johnsen HE, Seymour JF, Connors JM, de Nully Brown P, Bøgsted M, Cheah CY. The number of extranodal sites assessed by PET/CT scan is a powerful predictor of CNS relapse for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: an international multicenter study of 1532 patients treated with hemoimmunotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2017;75:195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.20 16.12.029 [eng.]
29. Kridel R, Telio D, Villa D, Sehn LH, Gerrie AS, Shenkier T, Klasa R, Slack GW, Tan K, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Savage KJ. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with testicular involvement: outcome and risk of CNS relapse in the rituximab era. Br J Haematol. 2017;176(2):210-21. doi: 10.1111/bjh. 14392
30. Qualls David and Abramson Jeremy S. Advances in risk assessment and prophylaxis for central nervous system relapse in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Haematologica. 2019;104(1):25-34. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2018. 195834 [eng.]
31. Ferreri AJ. Risk of CNS dissemination in extranodal lymphomas. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Apr;15(4):e159-69. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70568-0 [eng.]
32. Vitolo U, Chiappella A, Ferreri AJ, Martelli M, Baldi I, Balzarotti M, Bottelli C, Conconi A, Gomez H, Lopez-Guillermo A, Martinelli G, Merli F, Novero D, Orsucci L, Pavone V, Ricardi U, Storti S, Gospodarowicz MK, Cavalli F, Sarris AH, Zucca E. First-line treatment for primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with rituximab-CHOP, CNS prophylaxis, and contralateral testis irradiation: final results of an international phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jul 10;29(20):2766-72. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.31.4187. Epub 2011 Jun 6 [eng.]
33. Deng L, Xu-Monette ZY, Loghavi S, Manyam GC, Xia Y, Visco C, Huh J, Zhang L, Zhai Q, Wang Y, Qiu L, Dybkær K, Chiu A, Perry AM, Zhang S, Tzankov A, Rao H, Abramson J, Sohani AR, Xu M, Hsi ED, Zhu J, Ponzoni M, Wang S, Li L, Zhang M, Ferreri AJ, Parsons BM, Li Y, Piris MA, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma displays distinct clinical and biological features for treatment failure in rituximab era: a report from the International PTL Consortium. Leukemia. 2016;30(2):361-72. doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.237
34. Tun HW, Personett D, Baskerville KA, Menke DM, Jaeckle KA, Kreinest P, Edenfield B, Zubair AC, O'Neill BP, Lai WR, Park PJ, McKinney M. Pathway analysis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Blood. 2008;111:3200-10. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-10-119099 [eng.]
35. Rubenstein JL, Fridlyand J, Shen A, Aldape K, Ginzinger D, Batchelor T, Treseler P, Berger M, McDermott M, Prados M, Karch J, Okada C, Hyun W, Parikh S, Haqq C, Shuman M. Gene expression and angiotropism in primary CNS lymphoma. Blood. 2006;107:3716-23. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-03-0897 [eng.]
36. Sung CO, Kim SC, Karnan S, Karube K, Shin HJ, Nam DH, Suh YL, Kim SH, Kim JY, Kim SJ, Kim WS, Seto M, Ko YH. Genomic profiling combined with gene expression profiling in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Blood. 2011;117:1291-300. doi:10.1182/blood-2010-07-297861 [eng.]
37. Soo Jeong Nama,b, Sehui Kima, Dohee Kwon a, Hannah Kima, Soyeon Kimc, Eunyoung Leed, Tae Min Kimc,d,Dae Seog Heoc,d, Sung Hye Parka, Megan S. Lime, Chul Woo Kima,c, and Yoon Kyung Jeon. Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating macrophages, M2 macrophages, regulatory T-cells, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-positive cells in primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system. Oncoimmunology. 2018;7(7):e1442164 (12 pages). doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2018.1442164 [eng.]
2. El-Galaly TC, Cheah CY, Bendtsen MD, Nowakowski GS, Kansara R, Savage KJ, Connors JM, Sehn LH, Goldschmidt N, Shaulov A, Farooq U, Link BK, Ferreri AJM, Calimeri T, Cecchetti C, Dann EJ, Thompson CA, Inbar T, Maurer MJ, Gade IL, Juul MB, Hansen JW, Holmberg S, Larsen TS, Cordua S, Mikhaeel NG, Hutchings M, Seymour JF, Clausen MR, Smith D, Opat S, Gilbertson M, Thanarajasingam G, Villa D. Treatment strategies, outcomes and prognostic factors in 291 patients with secondary CNS involvement by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Eur J Cancer. 2018 Apr;93:57-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.073. Epub 2018 Feb 21 [eng.]
3. Holte H, Lepp¨a S, Bj¨orkholm M. Dose-densified hemoimmunotherapy followed by systemic central nervous system prophylaxis for younger high-risk diffuse large B-cell/follicular grade 3 lymphoma patients: results of a phase II Nordic Lymphoma Group study. Ann Oncol. 2013;24(5):1385-92. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds621 [eng.]
4. Cabannes-Hamy A, Peyrade F, Jardin F, Emile JF, Delwail V, Mounier N, Haioun C, Perrot A, Fitoussi O, Lara D, Delarue R, André M, Offner F, Ghesquières H, Pascal L, Soussain C, Lazarovici J, Schiano JM, Gaulard P, Tilly H, Thieblemont C. LYSA studies. Cancer Medicine. 2018;7(3):539-48. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1139 [eng.]
5. Boehme V, Schmitz N, Zeynalova S, Loeffler M, Pfreundschuh M. CNS events in elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma treated with modern chemotherapy (CHOP-14) with or without rituximab: an analysis of patients treated in the RICOVER-60 trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Blood. 2009;113(17):3896-902. doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-10-182253 [eng.]
6. Bernstein SH, Unger JM, Leblanc M, Friedberg J, Miller TP, Fisher RI. Natural history of CNS relapse in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a 20-year follow-up analysis of SWOG 8516 – the Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(1):114-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8021 [eng.]
7. Tilly H, Lepage E, Coiffier B, Blanc M, Herbrecht R, Bosly A, Attal M, Fillet G, Guettier C, Molina TJ, Gisselbrecht C, Reyes; Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de ’Adulte. Intensive conventional chemotherapy (ACVBP regimen) compared with standard CHOP for poor-prognosis aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2003;102(13):4284-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8021 [eng.]
8. Villa D, Connors JM, Sehn LH, Gascoyne RD, Savage KJ. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with involvement of the kidney: outcome and risk of central nervous system relapse. Haematologica. 2011;96(7):1002-7. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2011.041277 [eng.]
9. Abramson JS, Hellmann M, Barnes JA, Hammerman P, Toomey C, Takvorian T, Muzikansky A, Hochberg EP. Intravenous methotrexate as central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis is associated with a low risk of CNS recurrence in high-risk patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer. 2010;116(18):4283-90. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25278 [eng.]
10. Gleeson M, Counsell N, Cunningham D, Chadwick N. Central nervous system relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: results of the UK NCRI R-CHOP-14 versus 21 trial. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(Issue 10). doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx353 [eng.]
11. Ferreri AJ, Bruno-Ventre M, Donadoni G, Ponzoni M, Citterio G, Foppoli M, Vignati A, Scarfò L, Sassone M, Govi S, Caligaris-Cappio F. Risk-tailored CNS prophylaxis in a mono-institutional series of 200 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the rituximab era. Br J Clin Oncol. 2015;168(5):654-62. doi:10.1111/bjh.13194 [eng.]
12. Phillips EH, Kirkwood AA, Lawrie A. Low rates of CNS relapse in high risk DLBCL patients treated with R-CODOX-M and R-IVAC: results from a phase 2 UK NCRI/Bloodwise trial. Blood. 2016;128(22):1855 [eng.].
13. Haioun C, Besson C, Lepage E. Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system relapse in istologically aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma uniformly treated and receiving intrathecal central nervous system prophylaxis: a GELA study on 974 patients. Ann Oncol. 2017;11(6):685-90 [eng.].
14. Tomita N, Takasaki H, Ishiyama Y, Kishimoto K, Ishibashi D, Koyama S, Ishii Y, Takahashi H, Numata A, Watanabe R, Tachibana T, Ohshima R, Hagihara M, Hashimoto C, Takemura S, Taguchi J, Fujimaki K, Sakai R, Motomura S, Ishigatsubo Y. Intrathecal methotrexate prophylaxis and central nervous system relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma following rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone. LeukLymphoma. 2015;56(3):725-9. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2014. 931953 [eng.]
15. Cheah CY, Herbert KE, O'Rourke K, Kennedy GA, George A, Fedele PL, Gilbertson M, Tan SY, Ritchie DS, Opat SS, Prince HM, Dickinson M, Burbury K, Wolf M, Januszewicz EH, Tam CS, Westerman DA, Carney DA, Harrison SJ, Seymour JF. A multicentre retrospective comparison of central nervous system prophylaxis strategies among patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Cancer. 2014;111(6):1072-9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.405 [eng.]
16. Kansara R, Villa D, Gerrie AS, Klasa R, Shenkier T, Scott DW, Slack GW, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Sehn LH, Savage KJ. Site of central nervous system (CNS) relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by the CNS-IPI risk model [published online ahead of print 22 July 2016]. Br J Haematol. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14229 [eng.]
17. Российские клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению лимфопролиферативных заболеваний. Под ред. И.В. Поддубной и В.Г. Савченко. 2018:58-59 [Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases. Book edited by IV Poddubnoy and VG Savchenko. 2018:58-59 (In Russ.)].
18. NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2018. Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma. National Comprehensive Cancer Network [eng.]
19. Магомедова А.У., Волкова Я.К., Кравченко С.К., Кременецкая А.М., Звонков Е.Е., Воробьев А.И. Профилактика нейролейкемии у взрослых больных диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфосаркомой лимфоидных органов. Съезд гематологов, Ереван, 2008 [Magomedova AU, Volkova YK, Kravchenko SK, Kremenetskaya AM, Zvonkov EE, Vorobiyv AI. Prevention of neuroleukemia in adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphosarcoma of the lymphoid organs. Congress Hematologist, Yerevan, 2008 (In Russ.)].
20. Haioun C, Besson C, Lepage E, Thieblemont C, Simon D, Rose C, Tilly H, Sonet A, Lederlin P, Attal M, Brière J, Reyes F. Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system relapse in histologically aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma uniformly treated and receiving intrathecal central nervous system prophylaxis: a GELA study on 974 patients. Ann Oncol. 2017;11(6):685-90 [eng.]
21. Papageorgiou SG, Diamantopoulos P, Levidou G, Angelopoulou MK, Economopoulou P, Efthimiou A, Constantinou N, Katsigiannis A, Korkolopoulou P, Pappa V, Economopoulou C, Georgiou G, Dimou M, Tsirigotis P, Kyrtsonis MC, Kotsianidis I, Kalpadakis C, Dimopoulos MA, Beris P, Meletis J, Pangalis GA, Dervenoulas J, Panayiotidis P, Vassilakopoulos TP. Isolated central nervous system relapses in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma after CHOP-like chemotherapy with or without rituximab. Hematol Oncol. 2013;31(1):10-7. doi: 10.1002/hon.2012 [eng.]
22. Stein H, Warnke RA, Chan WC, Jaffe ES. Diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma. WHO Classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 2008:233-257 [eng.]
23. Boehme V, Zeynalova S, Kloess M, Loeffler M, Kaiser U, Pfreundschuh M, Schmitz N. German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Incidence and risk factors of central nervous system recurrence in aggressive lymphoma: a survey of 1693 patients treated in protocols of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL). Ann Oncol. 2007;18(1):149-57. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdl327 [eng.]
24. Schmitz N, Zeynalova S, Nickelsen M, Kansara R, Villa D, Sehn LH, Glass B, Scott DW, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Ziepert M, Pfreundschuh M, Loeffler M, Savage KJ. CNS International Prognostic Index: a risk model for CNS relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with RCHOP. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(26):3150-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2015.65. 6520 [eng.]
25. Savage KJ, Slack GW, Mottok A, Sehn LH, Villa D, Kansara R, Kridel R, Steidl C, Ennishi D, Tan KL, Ben-Neriah S, Johnson NA, Connors JM, Farinha P, Scott DW, Gascoyne RD. Impact of dual expression of MYC and BCL2 by immunohistochemistry on the risk of CNS relapse in DLBCL. Blood. 2016;127(18):2182-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-10-676700. Epub 2016 Feb 1 [eng.]
26. Horn H, Ziepert M, Becher C, Barth TF, Bernd HW, Feller AC, Klapper W, Hummel M, Stein H, Hansmann ML, Schmelter C, Möller P, Cogliatti S, Pfreundschuh M, Schmitz N, Trümper L, Siebert R, Loeffler M, Rosenwald A, Ott G. German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group. MYC status in concert with BCL2 and BCL6 expression predicts outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013;121(12):2253-63. doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-06-435842 [eng.]
27. El-Galaly TC, Cheah CY, Hutchings M, Mikhaeel NG, Savage KJ, Sehn LH, Barrington S, Hansen JW, Poulsen MØ, Smith D, Rady K, Mylam KJ, Larsen TS, Holmberg S, Juul MB, Cordua S, Clausen MR, Jensen KB, Bøgsted M, Johnsen HE, Seymour JF, Connors JM, Brown PD, Villa D. Uterine, but not ovarian, female reproductive organ involvement at presentation by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is associated with poor outcomes and a high frequency of secondary CNS involvement. Br J Haematol. 2016;175(5):876-83. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14325 [eng.]
28. El-Galaly TC, Villa D, Michaelsen TY, Hutchings M, Mikhaeel NG, Savage KJ, Sehn LH, Barrington S, Hansen JW, Smith D, Rady K, Mylam KJ, Larsen TS, Holmberg S, Juul MB, Cordua S, Clausen MR, Jensen KB, Johnsen HE, Seymour JF, Connors JM, de Nully Brown P, Bøgsted M, Cheah CY. The number of extranodal sites assessed by PET/CT scan is a powerful predictor of CNS relapse for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: an international multicenter study of 1532 patients treated with hemoimmunotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2017;75:195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.20 16.12.029 [eng.]
29. Kridel R, Telio D, Villa D, Sehn LH, Gerrie AS, Shenkier T, Klasa R, Slack GW, Tan K, Gascoyne RD, Connors JM, Savage KJ. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with testicular involvement: outcome and risk of CNS relapse in the rituximab era. Br J Haematol. 2017;176(2):210-21. doi: 10.1111/bjh. 14392
30. Qualls David and Abramson Jeremy S. Advances in risk assessment and prophylaxis for central nervous system relapse in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Haematologica. 2019;104(1):25-34. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2018. 195834 [eng.]
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Авторы
А.У. Магомедова, А.Е. Мисюрина, Я.К. Мангасарова, Л.Г. Горенкова, О.В. Марголин, Е.А. Фастова, С.К. Кравченко
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России, отделение интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии с круглосуточным и дневным стационаром (ИВХТ с КС и ДС), Москва, Россия
National Research Center for Hematology, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy with Round-the-Clock and Day Hospital (IVHT with CS and DS), Moscow, Russia
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России, отделение интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии с круглосуточным и дневным стационаром (ИВХТ с КС и ДС), Москва, Россия
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National Research Center for Hematology, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy with Round-the-Clock and Day Hospital (IVHT with CS and DS), Moscow, Russia
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