Распространенность аутоиммунных эндокринных заболеваний у больных витилиго
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Troshina E.A., Volnukhin V.A., Petrov V.A., et al. The prevalence of autoimmune endocrine diseases in vitiligo patients. Therapeutic Archive. 2020; 92 (10): 88–96. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.10.000736
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Ключевые слова: витилиго, аутоиммунные заболевания щитовидной железы, аутоиммунный тиреоидит, болезнь Грейвса, сахарный диабет, аутоиммунная надпочечниковая недостаточность, аутоиммунные полигландулярные синдромы.
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Vitiligo is a common polygenic autoimmune disease in which the foci of depigmentation are formed on the skin and/or mucous membranes as a result of the death of melanocytes. There are several hypotheses for the pathogenesis of the disease, the leading role among them is played the autoimmune hypothesis. This review summarizes the available literature data on the prevalence and structure of comorbid endocrine autoimmune pathology in vitiligo patients. In most studies conducted in Europe, America and Asia the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (including autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves disease), diabetes mellitus and autoimmune adrenal insufficiency was higher in vitiligo patients than in the general population. The results of some studies indicate a frequent association of vitiligo with autoimmune polyglandular syndromes. In the structure of comorbid pathology the highest prevalence was in autoimmune thyroid diseases. A number of studies have established a higher prevalence of autoimmune endocrine diseases in women, as well as in nonsegmental vitiligo patients and in cases of family history of vitiligo and/or other autoimmune diseases. In addition, it was shown that the prevalence of endocrine diseases increases with increasing area of depigmentation. The data obtained justify the advisability of conducting a timely examination of vitiligo patients with the aim of early detection of comorbid diseases and the appointment of appropriate treatment. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of the identified associations on the course of vitiligo and comorbid endocrinopathies, as well as the effectiveness of therapy and the quality of life of patients.
Keywords: vitiligo, autoimmune thyroid disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves disease, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, autoimmune polyglandular syndromes.
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3. Ezzedine K, Eleftheriadou V, Whitton M, van Geel N. Vitiligo. Lancet. 2015;386(9988):74-84. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60763-7
4. Spritz R, Andersen G. Genetics of vitiligo. Dermatol Clin. 2017;35(2):245-55. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2016.11.013
5. Narita T, Oiso N, Fukai K, et al. Generalized vitiligo associated autoimmune diseases in Japanese patients their families. Allergol Int. 2011;60(4):505-8. doi: 10.2332/allergolint.11-OA-0303
6. Sheth V, Guo Y, Qureshi A. Comorbidities associated with vitiligo: a ten-year retrospective study. Dermatology. 2013;227(4):311-5. doi: 10.1159/000354607
7. Gill L, Zarbo A, Isedeh P, et al. Comorbid autoimmune diseases in patients with vitiligo: a cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(2):295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.063
8. Vrijman C, Kroon M, Limpens J, et al. The prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with vitiligo: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(6):1224-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11198.x
9. Yuan J, Sun C, Jiang S, et al. The prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019;9:803. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00803
10. Fan KC, Yang TH, Huang YC. Vitiligo and thyroid disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dermatol.2018;28(6):750-63. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2018.3449
11. Gey A, Diallo A, Seneschal J, et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease in vitiligo: multivariate analysis indicates intricate pathomechanisms.
Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(4):756-61. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12166
12. Yazdanpanah MJ, Seyedi Noghabi SA, Taghavi M, et al. Comparison of autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with progressive and stable vitiligo. J Cutan Med Surg. 2016;20(2):135-8. doi: 10.1177/1203475415604551
13. Van Geel N, Speeckaert M, Brochez L, et al. Clinical profile of generalized vitiligo patients with associated autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(6):741-6. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12169
14. Chen Y, Chen Y, Hwang C, et al. Comorbidity profiles in association with vitiligo: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(7):1362-9. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12870
15. Teulings HE, Ceylan E, Overcamp M, et al. Nonsegmental vitiligo disease duration and female sex are associated with comorbidity and disease extent: a retrospective analysis in 1307 patients aged ≥50 years. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(4):821. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14640
16. Campi I, Salvi M. Graves’ Disease. In: Huhtaniemi I, Martini L, editors. Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases. 2nd ed. Elsevier Inc., 2018; p. 698-701.
17. Iddah M, Macharia B. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. ISRN Endocrinol. 2013;2013:1-9. doi: 10.1155/2013/509764
18. Lazzeri L, Colucci R, Cammi A, et al. Adult onset vitiligo: multivariate analysis suggests the need for a thyroid screening. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:1-5. doi: 10.1155/2016/8065765
19. Nicolaidou E, Antoniou C, Miniati A, et al. Childhood- and later-onset vitiligo have diverse epidemiologic and clinical characteristics. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;66(6):954-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.07.010
20. Alkhateeb A, Fain P, Thody A, et al. Epidemiology of vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases in caucasian probands and their families. Pigment Cell Res. 2003;16(3):208-14. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0749.2003.00032.x
21. Laberge G, Mailloux C, Gowan K, et al. Early disease onset and increased risk of other autoimmune diseases in familial generalized vitiligo. Pigment Cell Res. 2005;18(4):300-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00242.x
22. Akay BN, Bozkir M, Anadolu Y, Gullu S. Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(10):1144-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03605.x
23. Birlea SA, Fain PR, Spritz RA. A romanian population isolate with high frequency of vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases. Arch Dermatol. 2008;144(3):310-6. doi: 10.1001/archderm.144.3.310
24. Cunliffe WJ, Hall R, Newell DJ, Stevenson CJ. Vitiligo, thyroid disease and autoimmunity. Br J Dermatol. 1968;80(3):135-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12282.x
25. Hegedüs L, Heidenheim M, Gervil M, et al. High frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients with vitiligo. Acta Derm Venereol. 1994;74(2):120-3. doi: 10.2340/0001555574120123
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E.A. Troshina1, V.A. Volnukhin2, V.A. Petrov2, N.F. Nuralieva1, M.Yu. Yukina1, E.M. Orlova1, N.V. Frigo2
1 Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia;
2 Moscow Research and Practical Center for Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russia