Клинический случай сочетанной генетической патологии (семейная гиперхолестеринемия – синдром Жильбера)
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Losik E.A., Yakushina I.I., Skhirtladze M.R., et al. Clinical case of combined genetic pathology in a patient. Therapeutic Archive. 2020; 92 (12): 79–83. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.12.200435
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Ключевые слова: мутация гена, генетическое тестирование, семейная гиперхолестеринемия, синдром Жильбера.
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Family hypercholesterolemia (HSX) is a form of genetically deterministic increase in blood lipid levels associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, usually at a young age. HSX is a common genetic disease found in the general population in most countries in 1:500 people. Clinically xantomas are found in achilles tendor and wrist flexors, lipoid arc of the cornea, concentration of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins is 4.9–11.6 mmol/l. Gilbert's syndrome is a hereditary benign hyperbilirubinium, associated with a decrease in the functional activity of the liver enzyme uridinfosfat-glucuronosil transferase. Clinically, this syndrome appers in intermittent jaundice, which is provoked by physical activity, consumption of alcoholic beverages, insulation and an increase in the level of indirect bilirubin within 20–100 micromol/ml. The article presents a rare clinical case of genetic combination of HSC SSC and Gilbert syndrome a young patient has and discusses the elevated bilirubin levels protective role in the atherosclerosis progression in Gilbert syndrome.
Keywords: gene mutation, genetic testing, familial hypercholesterolemia, Gilbert’s syndrome.
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10. Van Es HH, Bout A, Liu J, et al. Assignment of the human UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene (UGT1A1) to chromosome region 2q37. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1993:63(2);114-6. doi: 10.1159/000133513
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1. Watts GF, Gidding S, Wierzbicki AS, et al. Integrated guidance on the care of familial hypercholesterolaemia from the International FH Foundation. Int J Cardiol. 2014;171(3):309-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.025
2. Sharifi M, Rakhit RD, Humphries SE, Nair D. Cardiovascular risk stratification in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Heart. 2016;102(13):1003-8. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308845
3. Marks D, Thorogood M, Neil HA, Humphries SE. A Review on the Diagnosis, Natural History, and Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclerosis. 2003;168(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9150(02)00330-1
4. Innerarity TL, Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, et al. Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100: a mutation of apolipoprotein B that causes hypercholesterolemia. J Lipid Res. 1990;31(8):1337-49.
5. Vítek L. Bilirubin and Atherosclerotic Diseases. Physiol. 2017;66(1):11-20. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.933581
6. Schwertner HA, Vitek L. Gilbert syndrome, UGT1A1*28 allele, and cardiovascular disease risk: possible protective effects and therapeutic applications of bilirubin. Atherosclerosis. 2008;198:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.01.001
7. Claridge LC, Armstrong MJ, Booth C, et al. Gilbert’s syndrome. BMJ. 2011;342:d2293. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d2293
8. Farheen S, Sengupta S, Santra A, et al. Gilbert’s syndrome: High frequency of the (TA) 7 TAA allele in India and its interaction with a novel CAT insertion in promoter of the gene for bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 gene. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(14):2269-75. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i14.2269
9. Strassburg CP, Oldhafer K, Manns MP, Tukey RH. Differential expression of the UGT1A locus in human liver, biliary and gastric tissue: identification of UGT1A7 and UGT1A10 transcripts in extrahepatic tissue. Molec Pharm. 1997;52(2):212-20. doi: 10.1124/mol.52.2.212
10. Van Es HH, Bout A, Liu J, et al. Assignment of the human UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene (UGT1A1) to chromosome region 2q37. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1993:63(2);114-6. doi: 10.1159/000133513
11. Nordestgaard BG, Chapman MJ, Humphries SE, et al. Familial hypercholesterolaemia is underdiagnosed and undertreated in the general population: guidance for clinicians to prevent coronary heart disease: consensus statement of the European Atherosclerosis Society. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(45):3478-90a. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht273
12. [Klemenov AV. Hereditary connective tissue disorders: unresolved issues and debatable issues. Medicinskij vestnik Severnogo Kavkaza. 2016;11(2):358-63 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.14300/mnnc.2016.11078
13. Hanihara T, Ishida H. Os Incae: Variation In Frequency In Major Human Population Groups. J Anat. 2001;198:137-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19820137.x
14. Rauh G, Keller C, Schuster H, et al. Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100: a common cause of primary hypercholesterolemia. Clin Invest. 1992;70:77-84.
15. Henderson R, O’Kane M, McGilligan V, Watterson S. The genetics and screening of familial hypercholesterolaemia. J Biomed Sci. 2016;23:39. doi: 10.1186/s12929-016-0256-1
16. Chlebus K, Cybulska B, Gruchała M, et al. Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia in outpatient practices in Poland. Kardiol Pol. 2018;76(6):960-7. doi: 10.5603/KP.a2018.0053
17. Umans-Eckenhausen MA, Defesche JC, Sijbrands EJ, et al. Review of first 5 years of screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia in the Netherlands. Lancet. 2001;357(9251):165-8.
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России
(Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
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E.A. Losik, I.I. Yakushina, M.R. Skhirtladze, N.P. Balahonova, V.V. Kerchev, I.A. Garanina
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia