Системные проявления воспалительных заболеваний кишечника

1. Hedin CRH, Vavricka SR, Stagg AJ, et al. The Pathogenesis of Extraintestinal Manifestations: Implications for IBD Research, Diagnosis, and Therapy. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2019 Apr 26;13(5):541-54. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy191
2. Парфенов А.И. Энтерология: руководство для врачей. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 2009. 880 с. [Parfenov AI. Enterology: Doctor’s Guidelance. Moscow: Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo, 2009. 880 p.) (In Russ.)].
3. Geng X, Biancone L, Dai HH, et al. Tropomyosin isoforms in intestinal mucosa: production of autoantibodies to tropomyosin isoforms in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1998;114:912-22. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(98)70310-5
4. Biancone L, Mandal A, Yang H, et al. Production of immunoglobulin G and G1 antibodies to cytoskeletal protein by lamina propria cells in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:3-12. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90263-5
5. Van Sommeren S, Janse M, Karjalainen J, et al. Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in inflammatory bowel disease: From shared genetics to shared biological pathways. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20:987-94. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000032
6. Danese S, Semeraro S, Papa A, et al. Extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11:7227-36. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i46.7227
7. Su CG, Judge TA, Lichtenstein GR. Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2002;31:307-27. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8553(01)00019-x
8. Taleban S, Li D, Targan SR, et al. Ocular manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease are associated with other extra-intestinal manifestations, gender, and genes implicated in other immune-related traits. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2016;10:43-9. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv178
9. Peeters H, Vander Cruyssen B, Laukens D, et al. Radiological sacroiliitis, a hallmark of spondylitis, is linked with CARD15 gene polymorphisms in patients with Crohn’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63:1131-4. doi: 10.1136/ard.2004.021774
10. Martin TM, Smith JR, Rosenbaum JT. Anterior uveitis: Current concepts of pathogenesis and interactions with the spondyloarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002;14:337-41. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200207000-00001 
11. Roussomoustakaki M, Satsangi J, Welsh K, et al. Genetic markers may predict disease behavior in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1997;112:1845-53. doi: 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9178675
12. Orchard TR, Chua CN, Ahmad T, et al. Uveitis and erythema nodosum in inflammatory bowel disease: clinical features and the role of HLA genes. Gastroenterology. 2002;123:714-8. doi: 10.1053/gast.2002.35396
13. Ott C, Scholmerich J. Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10:585-95. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.117
14. Zhernakova A, van Diemen CC, Wijmenga C. Detecting shared pathogenesis from the shared genetics of immune-related diseases. Nat Rev Genet. 2009;10:43-55. doi: 10.1038/nrg2489
15. Milia AF, Ibba-Manneschi L, Manetti M, Benelli G, Messerini L, Matucci-Cerinic M. HLA-B27 transgenic rat: An animal model mimicking gut and joint involvement in human spondyloarthritides. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009;1173:570-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04757.x
16. Apostolaki M, Manoloukos M, Roulis M, et al. Role of beta7 integrin and the chemokine/chemokine receptor pair CCL25/CCR9 in modeled TNF-dependent Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 2008;134:2025-35. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.085
17. Rahier JF, Buche S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, et al.; Groupe d’Etude Thérapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du Tube Digestif [GETAID]. Severe skin lesions cause patients with inflammatory bowel disease to discontinue anti- tumor necrosis factor therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;8:1048-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.07.022
18. Varkas G, Thevissen K, De Brabanter G, et al. An induction or flare of arthritis and/or sacroiliitis by vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease: A case series. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:878-81. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210233
19. Tadbiri S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Serrero M, et al.; GETAID OBSERV-IBD study group. Impact of vedolizumab therapy on extra-intestinal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A multicentre cohort study nested in the OBSERV-IBD cohort. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;47:485-93. doi: 10.1111/apt.14419
20. Hadis U, Wahl B, Schulz O, et al. Intestinal tolerance requires gut hom- ing and expansion of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the lamina propria. Immunity. 2011;34:237-46. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.01.016
21. Cassani B, Villablanca EJ, Quintana FJ, et al. Gut-tropic T cells that express integrin α4β7 and CCR9 are required for induction of oral immune tolerance in mice. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:2109-18. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.015
22. Karreman MC, Luime JJ, Hazes JMW, Weel AEAM. The prevalence and incidence of axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2017;11:631-42. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw199
23. Peeters H, Vander Cruyssen B, Mielants H, et al. Clinical and genetic factors associated with sacroiliitis in Crohn’s disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23:132-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05108.x
24. Bourikas LA, Papadakis KA. Musculoskeletal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15:1915-24. doi: 10.1002/ibd.20942
25. Sepriano A, Rubio R, Ramiro S, Landewé R, van der Heijde D. Performance of the ASAS classification criteria for axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:886-90. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210747
26. Belousova E, Abdulganieva D, Odintsova A, Zakirov R, Nagornykh B, Protopopov M. Performance of ASAS criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2017;11 Suppl 1:S160. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx002.289
27. Van der Heijde D, Lie E, Kvien TK, et al.; Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society [ASAS]. ASDAS, a highly discriminatory ASAS – endorsed disease activity score in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1811-8. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.100826
28. Mease P, Sieper J, van den Bosch F, Rahman P, Karunaratne PM, Pangan AL. Randomized controlled trial of adalimumab in patients with nonpsoriatic peripheral spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2015;67:914-23. doi: 10.1002/art.39008
29. Fornaciari G, Salvarani C, Beltrami M, et al. Muscoloskeletal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal Canadien de Gastroenterologie = Canad J Gastroenterol. 2001;15:399-403. doi: 10.1155/ 2001/612531
30. Palm O, Moum B, Ongre A, et al. Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population study (the IBSEN study). J Rheumatol. 2002;29:511-5. 
31. Orchard TR, Wordsworth BP, Jewell DP. Peripheral arthropathies in inflammatory bowel disease: their articular distribution and natural history. Gut. 1998;42:387-91. doi: 10.1136/gut.42.3.387
32. Poddubnyy D, Rudwaleit M, Haibel H, et al. Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2 years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1369-74. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.145995
33. Jostins L, Ripke S, Weersma RK, et al. Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2012;491:119-24. doi: 10.1038/nature11582
34. El Miedany Y, Youssef S, Ahmed I, et al. The gastrointestinal safety and effect on disease activity of etoricoxib, a selective cox-2 inhibitor in inflammatory bowel diseases. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:311-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00384.x
35. Trusko B, Thorne J, Jabs D, et al.; Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature [SUN] Project. The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature [SUN] Project. Development of a clinical evidence base utilizing informatics tools and techniques. Methods Inf Med. 2013;52:259-65, S1-6. doi: 10.3414/ME12-01-0063
36. Lyons JL, Rosenbaum JT. Uveitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease compared with uveitis associated with spondyloarthropathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:61-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1997. 01100150063010
37. Levy-Clarke G, Jabs DA, Read RW, et al. Expert panel recommendations for the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic agents in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:785-96e3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.09.048
38. Tavarela Veloso F. Review article: skin complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;20 Suppl 4:50-3. doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-2036.2004.02055.x
39. Trost LB, McDonnell JK. Important cutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Postgrad Med J. 2005;81:580-5. doi: 10.1136/ pgmj.2004.031633  
40. Farhi D, Cosnes J, Zizi N, et al. Significance of erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum in inflammatory bowel diseases: a cohort study of 2402 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2008;87:281-93. doi: 10.1097/ MD.0b013e318187cc9c
41. Vavricka SR, Schoepfer A, Scharl M, et al. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015 Aug;21(8):1982-92. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000392
42. Timani S, Mutasim DF. Skin manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Dermatol. 2008;26:265-73. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.10.018 
43. Nguyen GC, Torres EA, Regueiro M, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease characteristics among African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites: characterization of a large North American cohort. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1012-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00504.x
44. Polcz M, Gu J, Florin T. Pyoderma gangrenosum in inflammatory bowel disease: the experience at Mater Health Services’ Adult Hospital 1998–2009. J Crohns Colitis. 2011;5:148-51. doi: 10.1016/ j.crohns.2010.10.006
45. Huang W, McNeely MC. Neutrophilic tissue reactions. Adv Dermatol. 1997;13:33-64.
46. Callen JP, Jackson JM. Pyoderma gangrenosum: an update. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2007;33:787-802, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2007.07.016
47. Freeman HJ. Erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum in 50 patients with Crohn’s disease. Can J Gastroenterol. 2005;19:603-6. doi: 10.1155/2005/323914
48. Carinanos I, Acosta MB, Domenech E. Adalimumab for pyoderma gangrenosum associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011;17:E153-4. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21723
49. Brooklyn TN, Dunnill MG, Shetty A, et al. Infliximab for the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum: A randomised, double blind, placebo con- trolled trial. Gut. 2006;55:505-9. doi: 10.1136/gut.2005.074815
50. Cohen PR. Sweet's syndrome – a comprehensive review of an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007;2:34. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-34
51. Marzano AV, Ishak RS, Saibeni S, et al. Autoinflammatory skin disorders in inflammatory bowel diseases, pyoderma gangrenosum and Sweet's syndrome: a comprehensive review and disease classification criteria. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2013;45:202-10. doi: 10.1007/s12016-012-8351-x
52. Mendes FD, Levy C, Enders FB, et al. Abnormal hepatic biochemistries in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:344-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00947.x
53. Григорьева Г.А., Мешалкин Н.Ю. О проблеме системных проявлений воспалительных заболеваний кишечника. Фарматека. 2011;15:44-9. [Grigoryeva GA, Meshalkin NU. About the problem of systemic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Farmateka. 2011;15:44-9 (In Russ.)].
54. Karlsen TH, Boberg KM. Update on primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol. 2013;59:571-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.03.015
55. Thackeray EW, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Elfaki D, et al. Colon neoplasms develop early in the course of inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9:52-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.09.020
56. Hov JR, Boberg KM, Karlsen TH. Autoantibodies in primary sclerosing cholangitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:3781-91. doi: 10.3748/ wjg.14.3781
57. Peyrin-Biroulet L, van Assche G, Gómez-Ulloa D, et al. Systematic review of tumor necrosis factor antagonists in extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15:25-36.e27. doi:  10.1016/j.cgh.2016.06.025
58. Cheung KO, Oemar M, Oppe M, Rabin R. EQ-5D User Guide: Basic Information on how to use the EQ-5D Version 2.0. Rotterdam: EuroQoL Group, 2009.

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1. Hedin CRH, Vavricka SR, Stagg AJ, et al. The Pathogenesis of Extraintestinal Manifestations: Implications for IBD Research, Diagnosis, and Therapy. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2019 Apr 26;13(5):541-54. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy191
2. Parfenov AI. Enterology: Doctor’s Guidelance. Moscow: Medicinskoe informacionnoe agentstvo, 2009. 880 p.) (In Russ.)
3. Geng X, Biancone L, Dai HH, et al. Tropomyosin isoforms in intestinal mucosa: production of autoantibodies to tropomyosin isoforms in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1998;114:912-22. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(98)70310-5
4. Biancone L, Mandal A, Yang H, et al. Production of immunoglobulin G and G1 antibodies to cytoskeletal protein by lamina propria cells in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1995;109:3-12. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90263-5
5. Van Sommeren S, Janse M, Karjalainen J, et al. Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in inflammatory bowel disease: From shared genetics to shared biological pathways. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014;20:987-94. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000032
6. Danese S, Semeraro S, Papa A, et al. Extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11:7227-36. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i46.7227
7. Su CG, Judge TA, Lichtenstein GR. Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2002;31:307-27. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8553(01)00019-x
8. Taleban S, Li D, Targan SR, et al. Ocular manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease are associated with other extra-intestinal manifestations, gender, and genes implicated in other immune-related traits. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2016;10:43-9. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv178
9. Peeters H, Vander Cruyssen B, Laukens D, et al. Radiological sacroiliitis, a hallmark of spondylitis, is linked with CARD15 gene polymorphisms in patients with Crohn’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63:1131-4. doi: 10.1136/ard.2004.021774
10. Martin TM, Smith JR, Rosenbaum JT. Anterior uveitis: Current concepts of pathogenesis and interactions with the spondyloarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002;14:337-41. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200207000-00001 
11. Roussomoustakaki M, Satsangi J, Welsh K, et al. Genetic markers may predict disease behavior in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1997;112:1845-53. doi: 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9178675
12. Orchard TR, Chua CN, Ahmad T, et al. Uveitis and erythema nodosum in inflammatory bowel disease: clinical features and the role of HLA genes. Gastroenterology. 2002;123:714-8. doi: 10.1053/gast.2002.35396
13. Ott C, Scholmerich J. Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10:585-95. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.117
14. Zhernakova A, van Diemen CC, Wijmenga C. Detecting shared pathogenesis from the shared genetics of immune-related diseases. Nat Rev Genet. 2009;10:43-55. doi: 10.1038/nrg2489
15. Milia AF, Ibba-Manneschi L, Manetti M, Benelli G, Messerini L, Matucci-Cerinic M. HLA-B27 transgenic rat: An animal model mimicking gut and joint involvement in human spondyloarthritides. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009;1173:570-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04757.x
16. Apostolaki M, Manoloukos M, Roulis M, et al. Role of beta7 integrin and the chemokine/chemokine receptor pair CCL25/CCR9 in modeled TNF-dependent Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 2008;134:2025-35. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.085
17. Rahier JF, Buche S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, et al.; Groupe d’Etude Thérapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du Tube Digestif [GETAID]. Severe skin lesions cause patients with inflammatory bowel disease to discontinue anti- tumor necrosis factor therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;8:1048-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.07.022
18. Varkas G, Thevissen K, De Brabanter G, et al. An induction or flare of arthritis and/or sacroiliitis by vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease: A case series. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:878-81. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210233
19. Tadbiri S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Serrero M, et al.; GETAID OBSERV-IBD study group. Impact of vedolizumab therapy on extra-intestinal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A multicentre cohort study nested in the OBSERV-IBD cohort. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;47:485-93. doi: 10.1111/apt.14419
20. Hadis U, Wahl B, Schulz O, et al. Intestinal tolerance requires gut hom- ing and expansion of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the lamina propria. Immunity. 2011;34:237-46. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.01.016
21. Cassani B, Villablanca EJ, Quintana FJ, et al. Gut-tropic T cells that express integrin α4β7 and CCR9 are required for induction of oral immune tolerance in mice. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:2109-18. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.015
22. Karreman MC, Luime JJ, Hazes JMW, Weel AEAM. The prevalence and incidence of axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2017;11:631-42. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw199
23. Peeters H, Vander Cruyssen B, Mielants H, et al. Clinical and genetic factors associated with sacroiliitis in Crohn’s disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23:132-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05108.x
24. Bourikas LA, Papadakis KA. Musculoskeletal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15:1915-24. doi: 10.1002/ibd.20942
25. Sepriano A, Rubio R, Ramiro S, Landewé R, van der Heijde D. Performance of the ASAS classification criteria for axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:886-90. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210747
26. Belousova E, Abdulganieva D, Odintsova A, Zakirov R, Nagornykh B, Protopopov M. Performance of ASAS criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 2017;11 Suppl 1:S160. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx002.289
27. Van der Heijde D, Lie E, Kvien TK, et al.; Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society [ASAS]. ASDAS, a highly discriminatory ASAS – endorsed disease activity score in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68:1811-8. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.100826
28. Mease P, Sieper J, van den Bosch F, Rahman P, Karunaratne PM, Pangan AL. Randomized controlled trial of adalimumab in patients with nonpsoriatic peripheral spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2015;67:914-23. doi: 10.1002/art.39008
29. Fornaciari G, Salvarani C, Beltrami M, et al. Muscoloskeletal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal Canadien de Gastroenterologie = Canad J Gastroenterol. 2001;15:399-403. doi: 10.1155/ 2001/612531
30. Palm O, Moum B, Ongre A, et al. Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population study (the IBSEN study). J Rheumatol. 2002;29:511-5. 
31. Orchard TR, Wordsworth BP, Jewell DP. Peripheral arthropathies in inflammatory bowel disease: their articular distribution and natural history. Gut. 1998;42:387-91. doi: 10.1136/gut.42.3.387
32. Poddubnyy D, Rudwaleit M, Haibel H, et al. Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2 years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1369-74. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.145995
33. Jostins L, Ripke S, Weersma RK, et al. Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2012;491:119-24. doi: 10.1038/nature11582
34. El Miedany Y, Youssef S, Ahmed I, et al. The gastrointestinal safety and effect on disease activity of etoricoxib, a selective cox-2 inhibitor in inflammatory bowel diseases. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:311-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00384.x
35. Trusko B, Thorne J, Jabs D, et al.; Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature [SUN] Project. The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature [SUN] Project. Development of a clinical evidence base utilizing informatics tools and techniques. Methods Inf Med. 2013;52:259-65, S1-6. doi: 10.3414/ME12-01-0063
36. Lyons JL, Rosenbaum JT. Uveitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease compared with uveitis associated with spondyloarthropathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:61-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1997. 01100150063010
37. Levy-Clarke G, Jabs DA, Read RW, et al. Expert panel recommendations for the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor biologic agents in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:785-96e3. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.09.048
38. Tavarela Veloso F. Review article: skin complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;20 Suppl 4:50-3. doi: 10.1111/ j.1365-2036.2004.02055.x
39. Trost LB, McDonnell JK. Important cutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Postgrad Med J. 2005;81:580-5. doi: 10.1136/ pgmj.2004.031633  
40. Farhi D, Cosnes J, Zizi N, et al. Significance of erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum in inflammatory bowel diseases: a cohort study of 2402 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2008;87:281-93. doi: 10.1097/ MD.0b013e318187cc9c
41. Vavricka SR, Schoepfer A, Scharl M, et al. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015 Aug;21(8):1982-92. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000392
42. Timani S, Mutasim DF. Skin manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Dermatol. 2008;26:265-73. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.10.018 
43. Nguyen GC, Torres EA, Regueiro M, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease characteristics among African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites: characterization of a large North American cohort. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1012-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00504.x
44. Polcz M, Gu J, Florin T. Pyoderma gangrenosum in inflammatory bowel disease: the experience at Mater Health Services’ Adult Hospital 1998–2009. J Crohns Colitis. 2011;5:148-51. doi: 10.1016/ j.crohns.2010.10.006
45. Huang W, McNeely MC. Neutrophilic tissue reactions. Adv Dermatol. 1997;13:33-64.
46. Callen JP, Jackson JM. Pyoderma gangrenosum: an update. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2007;33:787-802, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2007.07.016
47. Freeman HJ. Erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum in 50 patients with Crohn’s disease. Can J Gastroenterol. 2005;19:603-6. doi: 10.1155/2005/323914
48. Carinanos I, Acosta MB, Domenech E. Adalimumab for pyoderma gangrenosum associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011;17:E153-4. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21723
49. Brooklyn TN, Dunnill MG, Shetty A, et al. Infliximab for the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum: A randomised, double blind, placebo con- trolled trial. Gut. 2006;55:505-9. doi: 10.1136/gut.2005.074815
50. Cohen PR. Sweet's syndrome – a comprehensive review of an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007;2:34. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-34
51. Marzano AV, Ishak RS, Saibeni S, et al. Autoinflammatory skin disorders in inflammatory bowel diseases, pyoderma gangrenosum and Sweet's syndrome: a comprehensive review and disease classification criteria. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2013;45:202-10. doi: 10.1007/s12016-012-8351-x
52. Mendes FD, Levy C, Enders FB, et al. Abnormal hepatic biochemistries in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:344-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00947.x
53. Григорьева Г.А., Мешалкин Н.Ю. О проблеме системных проявлений воспалительных заболеваний кишечника. Фарматека. 2011;15:44-9. [Grigoryeva GA, Meshalkin NU. About the problem of systemic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Farmateka. 2011;15:44-9 (In Russ.)].
54. Karlsen TH, Boberg KM. Update on primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol. 2013;59:571-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.03.015
55. Thackeray EW, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Elfaki D, et al. Colon neoplasms develop early in the course of inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;9:52-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.09.020
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А.И. Парфенов, А.В. Каграманова, О.В. Князев

ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр им. А.С. Логинова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия

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A.I. Parfenov, O.V. Knyazev, A.V. Kagramanova

Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Practical Center, Moscow, Russia