Здоровые почки всем и везде: от профилактики и выявления до равного доступа к медицинской помощи
Здоровые почки всем и везде: от профилактики и выявления до равного доступа к медицинской помощи
Кам-Тао Ли Ф., Гарсия-Гарсия Г., Луи С.-Ф. и др. Здоровые почки всем и везде: от профилактики и выявления до равного доступа к медицинской помощи. Терапевтический архив. 2020; 92 (6): 4–14. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.06.000545
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Аннотация
Глобальное бремя хронической болезни почек (ХБП) стремительно увеличивается. Так, согласно прогнозам, к 2040 г. ХБП окажется на 5-м месте среди наиболее частых причин сокращения продолжительности жизни во всем мире. Более того, ХБП является основной причиной катастрофических расходов на здравоохранение. В странах с высоким уровнем дохода расходы на диализ и трансплантацию составляют до 3% от ежегодного бюджета здравоохранения. В связи с этим особенно важно, что развитие и прогрессирование ХБП во многих случаях можно предотвратить. В 2020 г. кампания «Всемирный день почки» посвящена в первую очередь мероприятиям по первичной, вторичной и третичной профилактике ХБП. В данной статье представлены описание и анализ мер, которые могут быть внедрены в каждой стране с целью пропаганды и дальнейшего развития профилактики ХБП. Первичная профилактика заболеваний почек должна быть направлена на модификацию факторов риска и устранение структурных повреждений почек и мочевыводящих путей, а также ограничение воздействия факторов риска окружающей среды и нефротоксических веществ. У лиц, уже страдающих заболеваниями почек, вторичная профилактика (включая оптимизацию артериального давления и контроль гликемии) должна быть основной целью как обучения, так и клинических вмешательств. У пациентов с далеко зашедшими стадиями ХБП настоятельно рекомендуются превентивные меры, позволяющие предотвратить или отсрочить потребность в диализе или трансплантации почки, а именно лечение уремии и сопутствующих состояний, таких как сердечно-сосудистые заболевания. Для реализации профилактического подхода необходимо принятие мер на государственном уровне. Несмотря на то, что в той или иной стране могут существовать национальная политика и стратегия по профилактике неинфекционных заболеваний в целом, конкретные меры, направленные на повышение осведомленности и настороженности в отношении диагностики, ведения и лечения ХБП, часто отсутствуют. В связи с этим необходимо повышение информированности населения, медицинских работников и политиков о важной роли профилактических мероприятий.
Ключевые слова: заболевания почек, профилактика, выявление, осведомленность.
Keywords: кidney diseases, prevention, detection, awareness.
Ключевые слова: заболевания почек, профилактика, выявление, осведомленность.
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Keywords: кidney diseases, prevention, detection, awareness.
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2. Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):2052-90. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5
3. Essue BM, Laba TL, Knaul F, et al. Economic burden of chronic ill health and injuries for households in low- and middle-income countries. In: Jamison DT, Gelband H, Horton S, et al., eds. Disease Control Priorities Improving Health and Reducing Poverty. 3 ed. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2018:121-43.
4. Vanholder R, Annemans L, Brown E, et al. Reducing the costs of chronic kidney disease while delivering quality health care: a call to action. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(7):393-409. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.63
5. Luyckx VA, Tuttle KR, Garcia-Garcia G, et al. Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2017;7(2):71-87. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.003
6. Luyckx VA, Tonelli M, Stanifer JW. The global burden of kidney disease and the sustainable development goals. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(6):414-22D. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.206441
7. Tonelli M, Muntner P, Lloyd A, et al. Risk of coronary events in people with chronic kidney disease compared with those with diabetes: a population-level cohort study. Lancet. 2012;380(9844):807-14. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60572-8
8. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fouque D. Nutritional Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(18):1765-76. doi: 10.1056/
NEJMra1700312
9. United Nations General Assembly. Political declaration of the third high-level meeting of theGeneral Assembly on the prevention and control ofnon-communicable diseases (2018). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/ga/
search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/73/L.2&Lang=E
10. Lopez AD, et al. Remembering the forgotten non-communicable diseases. BMC Medicines. 2014;12(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0200-8
11. (CDC) Center for Disease Control and Prevention. "Picture of America" (www.cdc.gov/pictureofamerica). At a Glance – Executive Summary. 2017;2019.
12. Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Burrows NR, et al., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expert Panel. Comprehensive public health strategies for preventing the development, progression, and complications of CKD: report of an expert panel convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53(3):522-35. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.11.019
13. Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, et al. US Renal Data System 2018 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(3S1):A7-A8. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.
2019.01.001
14. Kovesdy CP, Furth SL, Zoccali C, World Kidney Day Steering Committee. Obesity and Kidney Disease: Hidden Consequences of the Epidemic. J Ren Nutr. 2017;27(2):75-7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1435
15. Tantisattamo E, Dafoe DC, Reddy UG, et al. Current Management of Acquired Solitary Kidney. Kidney Int Reports. 2019;4(9):1205-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.07.001
16. Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P. Chronic Kidney Disease. Lancet. 2017;389(10075):1238-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5
17. Koppe L, Fouque D. The Role for Protein Restriction in Addition to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors in the Management of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(2):248-57. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.06.016
18. Rifkin DE, Coca SG, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Does AKI truly lead to CKD? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23(6):979-84. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011121185
19. Torres VE, Chapman AB, Devuyst O, et al. Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(25):2407-18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205511
20. Verhave JC, Troyanov S, Mongeau F, et al. Prevalence, awareness, and management of CKD and cardiovascular risk factors in publicly funded health care. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:7139. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06550613
21. Chow KM, Szeto CC, Kwan B, et al. Public lacks knowledge on chronic kidney disease: Telephone survey. Hong Kong Med J. 2014;20:139-44.
22. Ene-Iordache B, Perico N, Bikbov B, et al. Chronic kidney diseaseand cardiovascular risk in six regions of the world (ISN-KDDC): Across-sectional study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4:e307-19.
23. Li PKT, Weening JJ, Dirks J, et al. A report with consensus statements of the International Society of Nephrology 2004 Consensus Workshop on Prevention of Progression of Renal Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;(94):s2-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09401.x
24. Vassalotti JA, Stevens LA, Levey AS. Testing for chronic kidney disease: A position statement from the National Kidney Foundation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;50:169-80. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.06.013
25. Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: Approaches and initiatives – aposition statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int. 2007;72:247-59. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002343
26. Crowe E, Halpin D, Stevens P; Guideline Development Group. Early identification and management of chronic kidney disease: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2008;337:a1530. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a1530
27. Li PKT, Chow KM, Matsuo S, et al. Asian Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Best Practice Recommendations – Positional Statements for Early Detection of CKD from Asian Forum for CKD Initiatives
(AFCKDI). Nephrology. 2011;16(7):633-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01503.x
28. Fink HA, Ishani A, Taylor BC, et al.: Screening for, monitoring, and treatment of chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 3: A systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:570-81. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-156-8-201204170-00008
29. Li PKT, Ng JK, Cheng YL, et al. Relatives In Silent Kidney disease Screening study (RISKS): a Chinese cohort study. Nephrology. 2017;22(Suppl. 4):35-42. doi: 10.1111/nep.13148
30. Samal L, Linder JA. The primary care perspective on routine urine dipstick screening to identify patients with albuminuria. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Jan;8(1):131-5. doi: 10.2215/CJN.12681211
31. George C, Mogueo A, Okpechi I, et al. Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2(2):e000256. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256
32. Gonzalez-Quiroz M, Nitsch D, Hamilton S, et al.; DEGREE Study Steering Committee. Rationale and population-based prospective cohort protocol for the disadvantaged populations at risk of decline in eGFR (CO-DEGREE). BMJ Open. 2019;9:e031169. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031169
33. Boulware LE, Jaar BG, Tarver-Carr ME, et al. Screening for proteinuria in US adults: A cost-effectiveness analysis. JAMA. 2003;290:3101-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.290.23.3101
34. Go DS, Kim SH, Park J, et al. Cost-utility analysis of the National Health Screening Program for chronic kidney disease in Korea. Nephrology. 2019;24(1):56-64. doi: 10.1111/nep.13203
35. Komenda P, Ferguson TW, Macdonald K, et al. Cost-effectiveness of primary screening for CKD: A systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;63:789-97. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.012
36. Hwang SJ, Tsai JC, Chen HC. Epidemiology, impact and preventive care of chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. Nephrology. 2010;15(Suppl. 2):3-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2010.01304.x
37. Almaguer M, Herrera R, Alfonso J, et al. Primary health care strategies for the prevention of end-stage renal disease in Cuba. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;97:S4-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09701.x
38. Alamaguer-Lopez M, Herrera-Valdez R, Diaz J, Rodriguez O. Integration of chronic kidney disease prevention into noncommunicable disease programs in Cuba. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations 2017 (p. 357-65). London: Elsevier Inc.
39. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Advancing American Kidney Health, 2019 accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/advancing-american-kidney-health
40. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Special Diabetes Program for Indians. Estimates of Medicare savings, 2019. Accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/special-diabetes-program-indians-estimates-medicare-savings
41. Bello AK, Nwankwo E, El Nahas AM. Prevention of chronic kidney disease: a global challenge. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;98:S11-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09802.x
42. James MT, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M. Early recognition and prevention of chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2010;375(9722):1296-309.
43. Cortés-Sanabria L, Cabrera-Pivaral CE, Cueto-Manzano AM, et al. Improving care of patients with diabetes and CKD: a pilot study for a cluster-randomized trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51(5):777-88. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.12.039
44. Martínez-Ramírez HR, Jalomo-Martínez B, Cortés-SanabriaL, et al. Renal function preservation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with early nephropathy: a comparative prospective cohort study between primary health care doctors and a nephrologist. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47(1):78-87. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.09.015
45. Cueto-Manzano AM, Martínez-Ramírez HR, Cortes-Sanabria L, Rojas-Campos E. CKD screening and prevention strategies in disadvantaged populations. The role of primary health care professionals. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norrris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations. 2017 (p. 329-35). London: Elsevier, Inc.
46. Tapia-Conyer R, Gallardo-Rincon H, Betancourt-Cravioto M. Chronic kidney disease in disadvantaged populations: Online educational programs for NCD prevention and treatment. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations. 2017 (p. 337-45). London: Elsevier, Inc.
47. Bello AK, Levin A, Manns BJ, et al. Effective CKD care in European countries: challenges and opportunities for health policy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65(1):15-25. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.033
48. Sharif MU, Elsayed ME, Stack AG. The global nephrology workforce: emerging threats and potential solutions! Clin Kidney J. 2016;9(1):11-22. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfv111
49. Naicker S, Eastwood JB, Plange-Rhule J, Tutt RC. Shortage of healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a nephrological perspective. Clin Nephrol. 2010;74(Suppl. 1):S129-33.
50. Cusumano AM, Rosa-Diez GJ, Gonzalez-Bedat MC. Latin American Dialysis and Transplant Registry: Experience and contributions to end-stage renal disease epidemiology. World J Nephrol. 2016;5(5):389-97.
51. Feehally J, Brusselmans A, Finkelstein FO, et al. Improving global health: measuring the success of capacity building outreach programs: a view from the International Society of Nephrology. Kidney Int Suppl. 2016;6(2):42-51. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2016.09.002
52. Harris DC, Dupuis S, Couser WG, Feehally J. Training nephrologists from developing countries: does it have a positive impact? Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2(3):275-8. doi: 10.1038/kisup.2012.32
53. Tisher CC, Bastl CP, Bistrian BR, et al. Morbidity and mortality of renal dialysis: an NIH consensus conference statement. Consensus Development Conference Panel. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121(1):62-70.
54. Garcia-Garcia G, Martinez-Castellanos Y, Renoirte-Lopez K, et al. Multidisciplinary care for poor patients with chronic kidney disease in Mexico. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3(2):178-83. doi: 10.1038/kisup.2013.9
55. Stanifer JW, Von Isenburg M, Chertow GM, Anand S. Chronic kidney disease care models in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2018;3(2):e000728. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000728
56. Narva AS, Norton JM, Boulware LE. Educating Patients about CKD: The Path to Self-Management and Patient-Centered Care. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(4):694-703. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07680715
57. Schatell D. Web-based kidney education: supporting patient self-management. Semin Dial. 2013;26(2):154-8. doi: 10.1111/sdi.12057
Advocacy_4_pager_2019_Final_WEB_pagebypage.pdf
2. Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):2052-90. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5
3. Essue BM, Laba TL, Knaul F, et al. Economic burden of chronic ill health and injuries for households in low- and middle-income countries. In: Jamison DT, Gelband H, Horton S, et al., eds. Disease Control Priorities Improving Health and Reducing Poverty. 3 ed. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2018:121-43.
4. Vanholder R, Annemans L, Brown E, et al. Reducing the costs of chronic kidney disease while delivering quality health care: a call to action. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(7):393-409. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.63
5. Luyckx VA, Tuttle KR, Garcia-Garcia G, et al. Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2017;7(2):71-87. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.003
6. Luyckx VA, Tonelli M, Stanifer JW. The global burden of kidney disease and the sustainable development goals. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(6):414-22D. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.206441
7. Tonelli M, Muntner P, Lloyd A, et al. Risk of coronary events in people with chronic kidney disease compared with those with diabetes: a population-level cohort study. Lancet. 2012;380(9844):807-14. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60572-8
8. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fouque D. Nutritional Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(18):1765-76. doi: 10.1056/
NEJMra1700312
9. United Nations General Assembly. Political declaration of the third high-level meeting of theGeneral Assembly on the prevention and control ofnon-communicable diseases (2018). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/ga/
search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/73/L.2&Lang=E
10. Lopez AD, et al. Remembering the forgotten non-communicable diseases. BMC Medicines. 2014;12(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0200-8
11. (CDC) Center for Disease Control and Prevention. "Picture of America" (www.cdc.gov/pictureofamerica). At a Glance – Executive Summary. 2017;2019.
12. Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Burrows NR, et al., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expert Panel. Comprehensive public health strategies for preventing the development, progression, and complications of CKD: report of an expert panel convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53(3):522-35. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.11.019
13. Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, et al. US Renal Data System 2018 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(3S1):A7-A8. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.01.001
14. Kovesdy CP, Furth SL, Zoccali C, World Kidney Day Steering Committee. Obesity and Kidney Disease: Hidden Consequences of the Epidemic. J Ren Nutr. 2017;27(2):75-7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1435
15. Tantisattamo E, Dafoe DC, Reddy UG, et al. Current Management of Acquired Solitary Kidney. Kidney Int Reports. 2019;4(9):1205-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.07.001
16. Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P. Chronic Kidney Disease. Lancet. 2017;389(10075):1238-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5
17. Koppe L, Fouque D. The Role for Protein Restriction in Addition to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors in the Management of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(2):248-57. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.06.016
18. Rifkin DE, Coca SG, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Does AKI truly lead to CKD? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23(6):979-84. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011121185
19. Torres VE, Chapman AB, Devuyst O, et al. Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(25):2407-18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205511
20. Verhave JC, Troyanov S, Mongeau F, et al. Prevalence, awareness, and management of CKD and cardiovascular risk factors in publicly funded health care. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:7139. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06550613
21. Chow KM, Szeto CC, Kwan B, et al. Public lacks knowledge on chronic kidney disease: Telephone survey. Hong Kong Med J. 2014;20:139-44.
22. Ene-Iordache B, Perico N, Bikbov B, et al. Chronic kidney diseaseand cardiovascular risk in six regions of the world (ISN-KDDC): Across-sectional study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4:e307-19.
23. Li PKT, Weening JJ, Dirks J, et al. A report with consensus statements of the International Society of Nephrology 2004 Consensus Workshop on Prevention of Progression of Renal Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;(94):s2-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09401.x
24. Vassalotti JA, Stevens LA, Levey AS. Testing for chronic kidney disease: A position statement from the National Kidney Foundation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;50:169-80. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.06.013
25. Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: Approaches and initiatives – aposition statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int. 2007;72:247-59. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002343
26. Crowe E, Halpin D, Stevens P; Guideline Development Group. Early identification and management of chronic kidney disease: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2008;337:a1530. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a1530
27. Li PKT, Chow KM, Matsuo S, et al. Asian Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Best Practice Recommendations – Positional Statements for Early Detection of CKD from Asian Forum for CKD Initiatives
(AFCKDI). Nephrology. 2011;16(7):633-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01503.x
28. Fink HA, Ishani A, Taylor BC, et al.: Screening for, monitoring, and treatment of chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 3: A systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:570-81. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-156-8-201204170-00008
29. Li PKT, Ng JK, Cheng YL, et al. Relatives In Silent Kidney disease Screening study (RISKS): a Chinese cohort study. Nephrology. 2017;22(Suppl. 4):35-42. doi: 10.1111/nep.13148
30. Samal L, Linder JA. The primary care perspective on routine urine dipstick screening to identify patients with albuminuria. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Jan;8(1):131-5. doi: 10.2215/CJN.12681211
31. George C, Mogueo A, Okpechi I, et al. Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2(2):e000256. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256
32. Gonzalez-Quiroz M, Nitsch D, Hamilton S, et al.; DEGREE Study Steering Committee. Rationale and population-based prospective cohort protocol for the disadvantaged populations at risk of decline in eGFR (CO-DEGREE). BMJ Open. 2019;9:e031169. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031169
33. Boulware LE, Jaar BG, Tarver-Carr ME, et al. Screening for proteinuria in US adults: A cost-effectiveness analysis. JAMA. 2003;290:3101-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.290.23.3101
34. Go DS, Kim SH, Park J, et al. Cost-utility analysis of the National Health Screening Program for chronic kidney disease in Korea. Nephrology. 2019;24(1):56-64. doi: 10.1111/nep.13203
35. Komenda P, Ferguson TW, Macdonald K, et al. Cost-effectiveness of primary screening for CKD: A systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;63:789-97. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.012
36. Hwang SJ, Tsai JC, Chen HC. Epidemiology, impact and preventive care of chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. Nephrology. 2010;15(Suppl. 2):3-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2010.01304.x
37. Almaguer M, Herrera R, Alfonso J, et al. Primary health care strategies for the prevention of end-stage renal disease in Cuba. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;97:S4-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09701.x
38. Alamaguer-Lopez M, Herrera-Valdez R, Diaz J, Rodriguez O. Integration of chronic kidney disease prevention into noncommunicable disease programs in Cuba. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations 2017 (p. 357-65). London: Elsevier Inc.
39. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Advancing American Kidney Health, 2019 accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/advancing-american-kidney-health
40. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Special Diabetes Program for Indians. Estimates of Medicare savings, 2019. Accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/special-diabetes-program-indians-estimates-medicare-savings
41. Bello AK, Nwankwo E, El Nahas AM. Prevention of chronic kidney disease: a global challenge. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;98:S11-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09802.x
42. James MT, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M. Early recognition and prevention of chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2010;375(9722):1296-309.
43. Cortés-Sanabria L, Cabrera-Pivaral CE, Cueto-Manzano AM, et al. Improving care of patients with diabetes and CKD: a pilot study for a cluster-randomized trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51(5):777-88. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.12.039
44. Martínez-Ramírez HR, Jalomo-Martínez B, Cortés-SanabriaL, et al. Renal function preservation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with early nephropathy: a comparative prospective cohort study between primary health care doctors and a nephrologist. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47(1):78-87. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.09.015
45. Cueto-Manzano AM, Martínez-Ramírez HR, Cortes-Sanabria L, Rojas-Campos E. CKD screening and prevention strategies in disadvantaged populations. The role of primary health care professionals. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norrris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations. 2017 (p. 329-35). London: Elsevier, Inc.
46. Tapia-Conyer R, Gallardo-Rincon H, Betancourt-Cravioto M. Chronic kidney disease in disadvantaged populations: Online educational programs for NCD prevention and treatment. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations. 2017 (p. 337-45). London: Elsevier, Inc.
47. Bello AK, Levin A, Manns BJ, et al. Effective CKD care in European countries: challenges and opportunities for health policy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65(1):15-25. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.033
48. Sharif MU, Elsayed ME, Stack AG. The global nephrology workforce: emerging threats and potential solutions! Clin Kidney J. 2016;9(1):11-22. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfv111
49. Naicker S, Eastwood JB, Plange-Rhule J, Tutt RC. Shortage of healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a nephrological perspective. Clin Nephrol. 2010;74(Suppl. 1):S129-33.
50. Cusumano AM, Rosa-Diez GJ, Gonzalez-Bedat MC. Latin American Dialysis and Transplant Registry: Experience and contributions to end-stage renal disease epidemiology. World J Nephrol. 2016;5(5):389-97.
51. Feehally J, Brusselmans A, Finkelstein FO, et al. Improving global health: measuring the success of capacity building outreach programs: a view from the International Society of Nephrology. Kidney Int Suppl. 2016;6(2):42-51. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2016.09.002
52. Harris DC, Dupuis S, Couser WG, Feehally J. Training nephrologists from developing countries: does it have a positive impact? Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2(3):275-8. doi: 10.1038/kisup.2012.32
53. Tisher CC, Bastl CP, Bistrian BR, et al. Morbidity and mortality of renal dialysis: an NIH consensus conference statement. Consensus Development Conference Panel. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121(1):62-70.
54. Garcia-Garcia G, Martinez-Castellanos Y, Renoirte-Lopez K, et al. Multidisciplinary care for poor patients with chronic kidney disease in Mexico. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3(2):178-83. doi: 10.1038/kisup.2013.9
55. Stanifer JW, Von Isenburg M, Chertow GM, Anand S. Chronic kidney disease care models in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2018;3(2):e000728. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000728
56. Narva AS, Norton JM, Boulware LE. Educating Patients about CKD: The Path to Self-Management and Patient-Centered Care. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(4):694-703. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07680715
57. Schatell D. Web-based kidney education: supporting patient self-management. Semin Dial. 2013;26(2):154-8. doi: 10.1111/sdi.12057
________________________________________________
Advocacy_4_pager_2019_Final_WEB_pagebypage.pdf
2. Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):2052-90. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5
3. Essue BM, Laba TL, Knaul F, et al. Economic burden of chronic ill health and injuries for households in low- and middle-income countries. In: Jamison DT, Gelband H, Horton S, et al., eds. Disease Control Priorities Improving Health and Reducing Poverty. 3 ed. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2018:121-43.
4. Vanholder R, Annemans L, Brown E, et al. Reducing the costs of chronic kidney disease while delivering quality health care: a call to action. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(7):393-409. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.63
5. Luyckx VA, Tuttle KR, Garcia-Garcia G, et al. Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2017;7(2):71-87. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.003
6. Luyckx VA, Tonelli M, Stanifer JW. The global burden of kidney disease and the sustainable development goals. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96(6):414-22D. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.206441
7. Tonelli M, Muntner P, Lloyd A, et al. Risk of coronary events in people with chronic kidney disease compared with those with diabetes: a population-level cohort study. Lancet. 2012;380(9844):807-14. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60572-8
8. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fouque D. Nutritional Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(18):1765-76. doi: 10.1056/
NEJMra1700312
9. United Nations General Assembly. Political declaration of the third high-level meeting of theGeneral Assembly on the prevention and control ofnon-communicable diseases (2018). Retrieved from https://www.un.org/ga/
search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/73/L.2&Lang=E
10. Lopez AD, et al. Remembering the forgotten non-communicable diseases. BMC Medicines. 2014;12(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0200-8
11. (CDC) Center for Disease Control and Prevention. "Picture of America" (www.cdc.gov/pictureofamerica). At a Glance – Executive Summary. 2017;2019.
12. Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Burrows NR, et al., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expert Panel. Comprehensive public health strategies for preventing the development, progression, and complications of CKD: report of an expert panel convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53(3):522-35. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.11.019
13. Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, et al. US Renal Data System 2018 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(3S1):A7-A8. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.
2019.01.001
14. Kovesdy CP, Furth SL, Zoccali C, World Kidney Day Steering Committee. Obesity and Kidney Disease: Hidden Consequences of the Epidemic. J Ren Nutr. 2017;27(2):75-7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1435
15. Tantisattamo E, Dafoe DC, Reddy UG, et al. Current Management of Acquired Solitary Kidney. Kidney Int Reports. 2019;4(9):1205-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.07.001
16. Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P. Chronic Kidney Disease. Lancet. 2017;389(10075):1238-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5
17. Koppe L, Fouque D. The Role for Protein Restriction in Addition to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors in the Management of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;73(2):248-57. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.06.016
18. Rifkin DE, Coca SG, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Does AKI truly lead to CKD? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23(6):979-84. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011121185
19. Torres VE, Chapman AB, Devuyst O, et al. Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(25):2407-18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205511
20. Verhave JC, Troyanov S, Mongeau F, et al. Prevalence, awareness, and management of CKD and cardiovascular risk factors in publicly funded health care. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;9:7139. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06550613
21. Chow KM, Szeto CC, Kwan B, et al. Public lacks knowledge on chronic kidney disease: Telephone survey. Hong Kong Med J. 2014;20:139-44.
22. Ene-Iordache B, Perico N, Bikbov B, et al. Chronic kidney diseaseand cardiovascular risk in six regions of the world (ISN-KDDC): Across-sectional study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4:e307-19.
23. Li PKT, Weening JJ, Dirks J, et al. A report with consensus statements of the International Society of Nephrology 2004 Consensus Workshop on Prevention of Progression of Renal Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;(94):s2-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09401.x
24. Vassalotti JA, Stevens LA, Levey AS. Testing for chronic kidney disease: A position statement from the National Kidney Foundation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;50:169-80. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.06.013
25. Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: Approaches and initiatives – aposition statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int. 2007;72:247-59. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002343
26. Crowe E, Halpin D, Stevens P; Guideline Development Group. Early identification and management of chronic kidney disease: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2008;337:a1530. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a1530
27. Li PKT, Chow KM, Matsuo S, et al. Asian Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Best Practice Recommendations – Positional Statements for Early Detection of CKD from Asian Forum for CKD Initiatives
(AFCKDI). Nephrology. 2011;16(7):633-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01503.x
28. Fink HA, Ishani A, Taylor BC, et al.: Screening for, monitoring, and treatment of chronic kidney disease stages 1 to 3: A systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and for an American College of Physicians Clinical Practice Guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:570-81. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-156-8-201204170-00008
29. Li PKT, Ng JK, Cheng YL, et al. Relatives In Silent Kidney disease Screening study (RISKS): a Chinese cohort study. Nephrology. 2017;22(Suppl. 4):35-42. doi: 10.1111/nep.13148
30. Samal L, Linder JA. The primary care perspective on routine urine dipstick screening to identify patients with albuminuria. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Jan;8(1):131-5. doi: 10.2215/CJN.12681211
31. George C, Mogueo A, Okpechi I, et al. Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2(2):e000256. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256
32. Gonzalez-Quiroz M, Nitsch D, Hamilton S, et al.; DEGREE Study Steering Committee. Rationale and population-based prospective cohort protocol for the disadvantaged populations at risk of decline in eGFR (CO-DEGREE). BMJ Open. 2019;9:e031169. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031169
33. Boulware LE, Jaar BG, Tarver-Carr ME, et al. Screening for proteinuria in US adults: A cost-effectiveness analysis. JAMA. 2003;290:3101-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.290.23.3101
34. Go DS, Kim SH, Park J, et al. Cost-utility analysis of the National Health Screening Program for chronic kidney disease in Korea. Nephrology. 2019;24(1):56-64. doi: 10.1111/nep.13203
35. Komenda P, Ferguson TW, Macdonald K, et al. Cost-effectiveness of primary screening for CKD: A systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;63:789-97. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.012
36. Hwang SJ, Tsai JC, Chen HC. Epidemiology, impact and preventive care of chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. Nephrology. 2010;15(Suppl. 2):3-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2010.01304.x
37. Almaguer M, Herrera R, Alfonso J, et al. Primary health care strategies for the prevention of end-stage renal disease in Cuba. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;97:S4-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09701.x
38. Alamaguer-Lopez M, Herrera-Valdez R, Diaz J, Rodriguez O. Integration of chronic kidney disease prevention into noncommunicable disease programs in Cuba. In G. Garcia-Garcia, L.Y. Agodoa, & K.C. Norris (Eds.), Chronic Kidney Disease in Disadvantaged Populations 2017 (p. 357-65). London: Elsevier Inc.
39. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Advancing American Kidney Health, 2019 accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/advancing-american-kidney-health
40. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Special Diabetes Program for Indians. Estimates of Medicare savings, 2019. Accessed Sept 26, 2019. https://aspe.hhs.gov/pdf-report/special-diabetes-program-indians-estimates-medicare-savings
41. Bello AK, Nwankwo E, El Nahas AM. Prevention of chronic kidney disease: a global challenge. Kidney Int Suppl. 2005;98:S11-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09802.x
42. James MT, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M. Early recognition and prevention of chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2010;375(9722):1296-309.
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Авторы
Ф. Кам-Тао Ли1, Г. Гарсия-Гарсия2, С.-Ф. Луи3, Ш. Андреоли4, У. Винг-Шинг Фунг1, А. Градски5, Л. Кумарасвами6, В. Лиакопулос7, З. Рахимова5, Г. Саади8, Л. Страни5, И. Уласи9, К. Калантар-Заде10
для Организационного комитета Всемирного дня почки*
1 Исследовательский центр им. Кэрол и Ричарда Ю, Больница принца Уэльского, Китайский университет Гонконга, отдел медицины
и терапии, Гонконг, Китай;
2 Гвадалахарский гражданский госпиталь им. Фрая Антонио Алькальде, Научный центр здоровья Университета Гвадалахары, отделение нефрологии, Гвадалахара, штат Халиско, Мексика;
3 Школа общественного здравоохранения и первичной медико-санитарной помощи «Жокей-клуб», Китайский университет Гонконга, отдел организации управления здравоохранением, Гонконг, Китай;
4 Больница им. Джейма Уиткомба Райли для детей, Медицинская школа Университета Индианы, Индианополис, США;
5 Головной офис инициативы «Всемирный день почки», Брюссель, Бельгия;
6 Фонд Танкер, Ченнаи, Индия;
7 Госпиталь Aмериканской эллинской образовательной ассоциации, Университет им. Аристотеля в Салониках, отдел нефрологии и артериальной гипертензии, 1-я кафедра терапии и внутренних болезней, Салоники, Греция;
8 Каирский университет, отдел внутренних болезней, медицинский факультет, Гиза, Египет;
9 Медицинский колледж, Университет Нигерии, отделение нефрологии, медицинский факультет, Итуку-Озалла, Энугу, Нигерия;
10 Медицинская школа г. Ирвайн, Калифорнийский университет, отдел нефрологии, артериальной гипертензии и трансплантации почки, Ориндж, Калифорния, США
P. Kam-Tao Li1, G. Garcia-Garcia2, S.-F. Lui3, S. Andreoli4, W. Wing-Shing Fung1, A. Hradsky5, L. Kumaraswami6, V. Liakopoulos7, Z. Rakhimova5, G. Saadi8, L. Strani5, I. Ulasi9, K. Kalantar-Zadeh10 for the World Kidney Day Steering Committee
1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Carol & Richard Yu PD Research Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
2 Nephrology Service, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, University of Guadalajara Health Sciences Center, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico;
3 Division of Health System, Policy and Management, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
4 James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA;
5 World Kidney Day Office, Brussels, Belgium;
6 Tanker Foundation, Chennai, India;
7 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,
Thessaloniki, Greece;
8 Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;
9 Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria;
10 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
для Организационного комитета Всемирного дня почки*
1 Исследовательский центр им. Кэрол и Ричарда Ю, Больница принца Уэльского, Китайский университет Гонконга, отдел медицины
и терапии, Гонконг, Китай;
2 Гвадалахарский гражданский госпиталь им. Фрая Антонио Алькальде, Научный центр здоровья Университета Гвадалахары, отделение нефрологии, Гвадалахара, штат Халиско, Мексика;
3 Школа общественного здравоохранения и первичной медико-санитарной помощи «Жокей-клуб», Китайский университет Гонконга, отдел организации управления здравоохранением, Гонконг, Китай;
4 Больница им. Джейма Уиткомба Райли для детей, Медицинская школа Университета Индианы, Индианополис, США;
5 Головной офис инициативы «Всемирный день почки», Брюссель, Бельгия;
6 Фонд Танкер, Ченнаи, Индия;
7 Госпиталь Aмериканской эллинской образовательной ассоциации, Университет им. Аристотеля в Салониках, отдел нефрологии и артериальной гипертензии, 1-я кафедра терапии и внутренних болезней, Салоники, Греция;
8 Каирский университет, отдел внутренних болезней, медицинский факультет, Гиза, Египет;
9 Медицинский колледж, Университет Нигерии, отделение нефрологии, медицинский факультет, Итуку-Озалла, Энугу, Нигерия;
10 Медицинская школа г. Ирвайн, Калифорнийский университет, отдел нефрологии, артериальной гипертензии и трансплантации почки, Ориндж, Калифорния, США
________________________________________________
P. Kam-Tao Li1, G. Garcia-Garcia2, S.-F. Lui3, S. Andreoli4, W. Wing-Shing Fung1, A. Hradsky5, L. Kumaraswami6, V. Liakopoulos7, Z. Rakhimova5, G. Saadi8, L. Strani5, I. Ulasi9, K. Kalantar-Zadeh10 for the World Kidney Day Steering Committee
1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Carol & Richard Yu PD Research Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
2 Nephrology Service, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, University of Guadalajara Health Sciences Center, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico;
3 Division of Health System, Policy and Management, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
4 James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA;
5 World Kidney Day Office, Brussels, Belgium;
6 Tanker Foundation, Chennai, India;
7 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,
Thessaloniki, Greece;
8 Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;
9 Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria;
10 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
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