Приводятся обзор литературы и описание собственного клинического случая. Женщина 32 лет, инфицирована ВИЧ-инфекцией в течение 6 лет, без антиретровирусной терапии. CD4+ Т-лимфоциты 87 кл/мкл, вирусная нагрузка 3750 копий/мл. Вскоре развились нормохромная нормоцитарная анемия, ретикулоцитопения. В миелограмме всех эритрокариоцитов 0,5%. Вирусная нагрузка ДНК парвовируса В19 по данным полимеразной цепной реакции оказалась более 9 млн МЕ/мл. Установлен диагноз парциальной красноклеточной аплазии, ассоциированной с парвовирусом В19. Начата антиретровирусная терапия: эфавиренз, ламевудин, тенофовир. Кроме гемотрансфузий проводилось лечение внутривенным донорским иммуноглобулином с наращиванием дозы от 5000 до 20 000 мг/сут. После отмены внутривенного иммуноглобулина в течение следующих 5 мес наблюдалась стабилизация лабораторных параметров: гемоглобин более 115 г/л, ретикулоциты более 3%, в миелограмме все эритробласты 21%. Однако элиминации парвовируса В19 не достигнуто. Максимальное снижение вирусной нагрузки по парвовирусу В19 – до 720 МЕ/мл. Особенностью случая является отсутствие клинической картины парциальной красноклеточной аплазии костного мозга при сохраняющейся вирусной нагрузке парвовируса В19 после терапии внутривенными иммуноглобулинами. ВИЧ-инфекция прогрессировала: 44 кл/мкл, вирусная нагрузка не определялась. Случай закончился летально.
Here we provide a review of the literature and a description of our own clinical case. The patient was a 32-year-old woman who had been infected with HIV for 6 years without antiretroviral therapy. The test results showed CD4 87 cells/μl, viral load 3750 copies/ml. Normochromic normocytic anemia and reticulocytopenia developed soon. In the myelogram, all erythroblasts were 0.5%. The viral load of parvovirus B19 DNA according to PCR was more than 9 million IU/ml. Pure red cell aplasia associated with parvovirus B19 was diagnosed. We started antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz, lamevudine and tenofovir. In addition to blood transfusions, we administered intravenous donor immunoglobulin with a dose increase from 5000 mg to 20 000 mg per day. After discontinuing of intravenous immunoglobulins, the laboratory test results were stable over the next 5 months: hemoglobin was more than 115 g/L, reticulocytes – more than 3%, in the myelogram all erythroblasts were 21%. However, the elimination of parvovirus B19 wasn’t achieved. The maximum decrease in viral load for parvovirus B19 was down to 720 IU/ml. A typical feature of the case was the lack of pure red cell aplasia of the bone marrow with the existing viral load of parvovirus B19. HIV infection progressed: 44 cells/μl, viral load – not determined. The case ended lethally.
Keywords: parvovirus B19, pure red cell aplasia of bone marrow, HIV infection.
Список литературы
1. Cossart YE, Field AM, Cant B, Widdows D. Parvovirus-like particles in human sera. Lancet. 1975;1(7898):72-3. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91074-0
2. Landry ML. Parvovirus B19. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(3):10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0008-2015. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0008-2015
3. Lavrentyeva IN, Antipova AY. Human parvovirus В19: virus characteristics, distribution and diagnostics of parvovirus infection. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2013;3(4):311-22. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-2013-4-311-322
4. Brown KE, Young NS, Liu JM. Molecular, cellular and clinical aspects of parvovirus B19 infection. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 1994;16:1-31. doi: 10.1016/1040-8428(94)90040-x
5. Heegaard ED, Brown KE. Human parvovirus B19. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;15(3):485-505. doi: 10.1128/cmr.15.3.485-505.2002
6. Antipova AY, Nikishov ON, Khamitova IV, et al. A screening research of plasma blood donors for markers parvovirus infection. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2015;5(2):171-4. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-2015-2-171-174
7. Brown KE, Anderson SM, Young NS. Erythrocyte P antigen: Cellular receptor for B19 parvovirus. Science. 1993;262:114-7.
8. Young N. Hematologic and hematopoietic consequences of B19 parvovirus infection. Semin HematoI. 1988;25:159-72.
9. Brown KE, Hibbs JR, Gallinella G, et al. Resistance to parvovirus B19 infection due to lack of virus receptor (erythrocyte P antigen). NEJM. 1994;330:1192-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199404283301704
10. Koduri PR. Novel cytomorphology of the giant proerythroblasts of parvovirus B19 infection. Am J Hematol. 1998;58(2):95-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199806)58:2<95::aid-ajh1>3.0.co;2-v
11. Koduri PR. Parvovirus B19-related anemia in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2000;14(1):7-11. doi: 10.1089/108729100318082
12. Nikishov ON, Kuzin AA, Antipova AY, Lavrent’eva IN. Parvovirus infection – contemporary issues in epidemiology and clinical medicine. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2015;14(4):29-35. doi: 10.31631/2073-3046-2015-14-4-29-35
13. Van Elsacker-Neile AM, Kroon FP, van der Ende ME, et al. Prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;23(6):1255-60. doi: 10.1093/clinids/23.6.1255
14. Young NS, Brown KE. Mechanisms of disease parvovirus B19. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:586-97.
15. Fuller A, Moaven L, Spelman D, et al. Parvovirus B19 in HIV infection: a treatable cause of anemia. Pathology. 1996;28(3):277-80. doi: 10.1080/00313029600169154
16. Azevedo KM, Setúbal S, Camacho LA, et al. Seroepidemiological study of human parvovirus B19 among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a medium-sized city in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009;104(6):901-4. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000600014
17. Setúbal S, Jorge-Pereira MC, de Sant'Anna AL, et al. Clinical presentation of parvovirus B19 infection in HIV-infected patients with and without AIDS. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2003;36(2):299-302. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822003000200014
18. Slavov SN, Kashima S, Pinto AC, Covas DT. Human parvovirus B19: general considerations and impact on patients with sickle-cell disease and thalassemia and on blood transfusions. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011;62(3):247-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00819.x
19. Mouthon L, Guillevin L, Tellier Z. Intravenous immunoglobulins in autoimmune-or parvovirus B19-mediated pure red-cell aplasia. Autoimmun Rev. 2005;4(5):264-9. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2004.10.004
20. Ferry T, Hirschel B, Dang T, et al. Infrequent replication of parvovirus B19 and erythrovirus genotypes 2 and 3 among HIV-infected patients with chronic anemia. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(1):115-8. doi: 10.1086/649004
21. Bremner JA, Cohen BJ. Parvovirus B19 as a cause of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis. 1994;169(4):938-40. doi: 10.1093/infdis/169.4.938a
22. Gyllensten K, Sönnerborg A, Jorup-Rönström C, et al. Parvovirus B19 infection in HIV-1 infected patients with anemia. Infection. 1994;22(5):356-8. doi: 10.1007/bf01715548
23. Chernak E, Dubin G, Henry D, et al. Infection due to parvovirus B19 in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20(1):170-3. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.1.170
24. Vernazza PL, Pfister LA, Siegl G, Cassinotti P. High seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;22(1):198-9. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.1.198-a
25. Azevedo KM, Setúbal S, Camacho LA, et al. Parvovirus B19 seroconversion in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012;107(3):356-61. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000300010
26. Mylonakis E, Dickinson BP, Mileno MD, et al. Persistent parvovirus B19 related anemia of seven years' duration in an HIV-infected patient: complete remission associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Hematol. 1999;60(2):164-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199902)60:2<164::aid-ajh16>3.0.co;2-4
27. Frickhofen N, Abkowitz JL, Safford M, et al. Persistent B19 parvovirus infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1): a treatable cause of anemia in AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113(12):926-33. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-926
28. Young NS, Brown KE. Parvovirus B19. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(6):586-97. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra030840
29. Koduri PR, Kumapley R, Valladares J, Teter C. Chronic pure red cell aplasia caused by parvovirus B19 in AIDS: use of intravenous immunoglobulin – a report of eight patients. Am J Hematol. 1999;61(1):16-20. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199905)61:1<16::aid-ajh4>3.0.co;2-y
________________________________________________
1. Cossart YE, Field AM, Cant B, Widdows D. Parvovirus-like particles in human sera. Lancet. 1975;1(7898):72-3. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91074-0
2. Landry ML. Parvovirus B19. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(3):10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0008-2015. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0008-2015
3. Lavrentyeva IN, Antipova AY. Human parvovirus В19: virus characteristics, distribution and diagnostics of parvovirus infection. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2013;3(4):311-22. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-2013-4-311-322
4. Brown KE, Young NS, Liu JM. Molecular, cellular and clinical aspects of parvovirus B19 infection. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 1994;16:1-31. doi: 10.1016/1040-8428(94)90040-x
5. Heegaard ED, Brown KE. Human parvovirus B19. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;15(3):485-505. doi: 10.1128/cmr.15.3.485-505.2002
6. Antipova AY, Nikishov ON, Khamitova IV, et al. A screening research of plasma blood donors for markers parvovirus infection. Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity. 2015;5(2):171-4. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-2015-2-171-174
7. Brown KE, Anderson SM, Young NS. Erythrocyte P antigen: Cellular receptor for B19 parvovirus. Science. 1993;262:114-7.
8. Young N. Hematologic and hematopoietic consequences of B19 parvovirus infection. Semin HematoI. 1988;25:159-72.
9. Brown KE, Hibbs JR, Gallinella G, et al. Resistance to parvovirus B19 infection due to lack of virus receptor (erythrocyte P antigen). NEJM. 1994;330:1192-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199404283301704
10. Koduri PR. Novel cytomorphology of the giant proerythroblasts of parvovirus B19 infection. Am J Hematol. 1998;58(2):95-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199806)58:2<95::aid-ajh1>3.0.co;2-v
11. Koduri PR. Parvovirus B19-related anemia in HIV-infected patients. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2000;14(1):7-11. doi: 10.1089/108729100318082
12. Nikishov ON, Kuzin AA, Antipova AY, Lavrent’eva IN. Parvovirus infection – contemporary issues in epidemiology and clinical medicine. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2015;14(4):29-35. doi: 10.31631/2073-3046-2015-14-4-29-35
13. Van Elsacker-Neile AM, Kroon FP, van der Ende ME, et al. Prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;23(6):1255-60. doi: 10.1093/clinids/23.6.1255
14. Young NS, Brown KE. Mechanisms of disease parvovirus B19. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:586-97.
15. Fuller A, Moaven L, Spelman D, et al. Parvovirus B19 in HIV infection: a treatable cause of anemia. Pathology. 1996;28(3):277-80. doi: 10.1080/00313029600169154
16. Azevedo KM, Setúbal S, Camacho LA, et al. Seroepidemiological study of human parvovirus B19 among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a medium-sized city in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009;104(6):901-4. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000600014
17. Setúbal S, Jorge-Pereira MC, de Sant'Anna AL, et al. Clinical presentation of parvovirus B19 infection in HIV-infected patients with and without AIDS. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2003;36(2):299-302. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822003000200014
18. Slavov SN, Kashima S, Pinto AC, Covas DT. Human parvovirus B19: general considerations and impact on patients with sickle-cell disease and thalassemia and on blood transfusions. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011;62(3):247-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00819.x
19. Mouthon L, Guillevin L, Tellier Z. Intravenous immunoglobulins in autoimmune-or parvovirus B19-mediated pure red-cell aplasia. Autoimmun Rev. 2005;4(5):264-9. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2004.10.004
20. Ferry T, Hirschel B, Dang T, et al. Infrequent replication of parvovirus B19 and erythrovirus genotypes 2 and 3 among HIV-infected patients with chronic anemia. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(1):115-8. doi: 10.1086/649004
21. Bremner JA, Cohen BJ. Parvovirus B19 as a cause of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis. 1994;169(4):938-40. doi: 10.1093/infdis/169.4.938a
22. Gyllensten K, Sönnerborg A, Jorup-Rönström C, et al. Parvovirus B19 infection in HIV-1 infected patients with anemia. Infection. 1994;22(5):356-8. doi: 10.1007/bf01715548
23. Chernak E, Dubin G, Henry D, et al. Infection due to parvovirus B19 in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1995;20(1):170-3. doi: 10.1093/clinids/20.1.170
24. Vernazza PL, Pfister LA, Siegl G, Cassinotti P. High seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;22(1):198-9. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.1.198-a
25. Azevedo KM, Setúbal S, Camacho LA, et al. Parvovirus B19 seroconversion in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012;107(3):356-61. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000300010
26. Mylonakis E, Dickinson BP, Mileno MD, et al. Persistent parvovirus B19 related anemia of seven years' duration in an HIV-infected patient: complete remission associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Hematol. 1999;60(2):164-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199902)60:2<164::aid-ajh16>3.0.co;2-4
27. Frickhofen N, Abkowitz JL, Safford M, et al. Persistent B19 parvovirus infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1): a treatable cause of anemia in AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113(12):926-33. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-926
28. Young NS, Brown KE. Parvovirus B19. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(6):586-97. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra030840
29. Koduri PR, Kumapley R, Valladares J, Teter C. Chronic pure red cell aplasia caused by parvovirus B19 in AIDS: use of intravenous immunoglobulin – a report of eight patients. Am J Hematol. 1999;61(1):16-20. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199905)61:1<16::aid-ajh4>3.0.co;2-y
1 ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
2 ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», Москва, Россия
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A.A. Petrenko1, G.A. Dudina1, N.V. Kremneva1, A.V. Pivnik1,2
1 Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia;
2 People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia