Аутоиммунные полигландулярные синдромы (АПС) представляют собой гетерогенную группу клинических состояний, характеризующихся функциональным нарушением множественных эндокринных желез вследствие потери центральной или периферической иммунной толерантности. Эти синдромы также часто сопровождаются аутоиммунным поражением неэндокринных органов. Принимая во внимание широкий спектр компонентов и вариантов течения, АПС обычно подразделяются на редкий ювенильный тип (АПС 1-го типа) и более распространенный взрослый тип (АПС 2–4-го типа). АПС 1-го типа вызывается моногенной мутацией, тогда как АПС 2–4-го типа имеет полигенный тип наследования. Один из подтипов АПС взрослых (АПС 3D) характеризуется сочетанием аутоиммунного заболевания щитовидной железы и аутоиммунного ревматического заболевания. В обзоре рассмотрены имеющиеся литературные данные о сочетаниях, подходящих под указанный критерий. Во многих исследованиях отмечена значимо более высокая распространенность ревматических заболеваний при аутоиммунной патологии щитовидной железы в сравнении с группой контроля. Так же, как и при ряде ревматических заболеваний, отмечена более частая встречаемость аутоиммунного тиреоидита, первичного гипотиреоза и болезни Грейвса.
Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS) are a heterogeneous group of clinical conditions characterized by functional impairment of multiple endocrine glands due to loss of central or peripheral immune tolerance. These syndromes are also often accompanied by autoimmune damage to non-endocrine organs. Taking into account the wide range of components and variants of the disease, APS is usually divided into a rare juvenile type (APS 1) and a more common adult type (APS 2–4). APS type 1 is caused by a monogenic mutation, while APS types 2–4 have a polygenic mode of inheritance. One subtype of adult APS (APS 3D) is characterized by a combination of autoimmune thyroid disease and autoimmune rheumatic disease. This review considers the available literature data on combinations that meet the above criteria. Many studies have noted a significantly higher prevalence of rheumatic diseases in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease compared with the control group. Also, as in a number of rheumatic diseases, a more frequent occurrence of autoimmune thyroiditis, primary hypothyroidism and Graves' disease was noted.
1. Трошина Е.А., Никонова Т.В., Свитич О.А., Юкина М.Ю. Аутоиммунный полигляндулярный синдром взрослых. Под ред. И.И. Дедова, Е.А. Трошиной. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2019 [Troshina EA, Nikonova TV, Svitich OA, Iukina MYu. Autoimmunyi poligliandularnyi sindrom vsroslykh. Pod red. II Dedova, EA Troshina. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2019 (in Russian)].
2. Паневин Т.С., Молашенко Н.В., Трошина Е.А., Головенко Е.Н. Аутоиммунный полигландулярный синдром взрослых: современные представления о предикторах развития поражения миокарда и диагностике компонентов заболевания. Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология. 2018;14(2):92-9 [Panevin TS, Molashenko NV, Troshina EA, Golovenko EN. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of adults: current ideas about predictors development of damage of a myocardium and diagnostics of components of a disease. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2018;14(2):92-9 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.14341/ket9641
3. Трошина Е.А., Ларина А.А., Терехова М.А. Аутоиммунный полигландулярный синдром взрослых: молекулярно-генетические и клинические характеристики (лекция). Consilium Medicum. 2019;21(4):91-6 [Troshina EA, Larina AA, Terekhova MA. Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome in adults: molecular genetic and clinical characteristics (lecture). Consilium Medicum. 2019;21(4):91-6 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/20751753.2019.4.190361
4. Betterle C, Furmaniak J, Sabbadin C, et al. Type 3 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS-3) or type 3 multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS-3): an expanding galaxy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2023;46(4):643-65. DOI:10.1007/s40618-022-01994-1
5. Gaches F, Delaire L, Nadalon S, et al. Fréquence des maladies auto-immunes chez 218 patients atteints de pathologies thyroïdiennes auto-immunes. Rev Med Interne.
1998;19(3):173-9. DOI:10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80716-3
6. Masi AT, Hartmann WH, Hahn BH, et al. Hashimoto's disease. A clinicopathological study with matched controls. Lack of significant associations with other "autoimmune" disorders. Lancet. 1965;1(7377):123-6. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91088-3
7. Becker KL, Ferguson RH, McConahey WM. The connective-tissue diseases and symptoms associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. N Engl J Med. 1963;268:277-80. DOI:10.1056/NEJM196302072680601
8. Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Ruffilli I, et al. The association of other autoimmune diseases in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis: Review of the literature and report of a large series of patients. Autoimmun Rev. 2016;15(12):1125-8. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2016.09.009
9. Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, et al. The association of other autoimmune diseases in patients with Graves' disease (with or without ophthalmopathy): Review of the literature and report of a large series. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(3):287-92. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.10.001
10. White RG, Bass BH, Williams E. Lymphadenoid goitre and the syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 1961;1(7173):368‑73. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(61)91537-9
11. Loviselli A, Velluzzi F, Pala R, et al. Circulating antibodies to DNA-related antigens in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmunity. 1992;14(1):33-6. DOI:10.3109/08916939309077354
12. Morita S, Arima T, Matsuda M. Prevalence of nonthyroid specific autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80(4):1203-6. DOI:10.1210/jcem.80.4.7714090
13. Решетняк Т.М., Шумилова А.А., Кошелева Н.М. Клиническое значение антинуклеарных антител. Лечебное дело. 2021;4:96-103 [Reshetnyak TM, Shumilova AA, Kosheleva NM. Clinical Value of Antinuclear Antibodies. Lechebnoe delo. 2021;4:96-103 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.24412/2071-5315-2021-12398
14. Luo W, Mao P, Zhang L, Yang Z. Association between systemic lupus erythematosus and thyroid dysfunction: a meta-analysis. Lupus. 2018;27(13):2120-8. DOI:10.1177/0961203318805849
15. Kumar K, Kole AK, Karmakar PS, Ghosh A. The spectrum of thyroid disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(1):73-8. DOI:10.1007/s00296-010-1556-5
16. Posselt RT, Coelho VN, Pigozzo DC, et al. Prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with systematic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2017;135(6):535-40. DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0089110617
17. Pan XF, Gu JQ, Shan ZY. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have higher prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123291. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0123291
18. Ngian GS. Rheumatoid arthritis. Australian Family Physician. 2010; 39(9):626-8.
19. Mulhern LM, Masi AT, Shulman LE. Hashimoto's disease. A search for associated disorders in 170 clinically detected cases. Lancet. 1966;2(7462):508-11.
DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92875-3
20. Hu Y, Wang H, Deng J. Adult-Onset Still's Disease Associated with Thyroid Dysfunction: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Open Rheumatol J. 2014;8:9-12. DOI:10.2174/1874312901408010009
21. Alhomaidah D, Alsagheir A, Al-Mayouf SM. Coexistence of endocrinopathies in children with rheumatic diseases. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2016;3(3):119-22. DOI:10.1016/j.ijpam.2016.04.002
22. Girón-Pïllado M, Cruz-Bautista I, Saavedra-González V, et al. Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Real-life Screening Practice and Clinical Outcomes. Curr Rheumatol Rev. 2022;18(3):272-7. DOI:10.2174/1573397118666220127105546
23. Coll J, Anglada J, Tomas S, et al. High prevalence of subclinical Sjögren's syndrome features in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. J Rheumatol. 1997;24(9):1719-24.
24. Bloch KJ, Buchanan WW, Wohl MJ, Bunin JJ. Sjogren syndrome. A clinical, pathological and sierological study of 62 cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 1965;44:187-231.
25. Gordon T, Isenberg D. The endocrinologic associations of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1987;17(1):58‑70.
26. Hughes GR, Whaley K. Sjögren's syndrome. Br Med J. 1972;4(5839):533‑6. DOI:10.1136/bmj.4.5839.533
27. Karsh J, Pavlidis N, Weintraub BD, Moutsopoulos HM. Thyroid disease in Sjögren's syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1980;23(11):1326-9. DOI:10.1002/art.1780231118
28. Fox RI, Howell FV, Bone RC, Michelson P. Primary Sjogren syndrome: clinical and immunopathologic features. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1984;14(2):77-105.
DOI:10.1016/0049-0172(84)90001-5
29. Pérez B, Kraus A, López G, et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Am J Med. 1995;99(5):480-4. DOI:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80223-x
30. Punzi L, Ostuni PA, Betterle C, et al. Thyroid gland disorders in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1996;63(11):809-14.
31. Hansen BU, Ericsson UB, Henricsson V, et al. Autoimmune thyroiditis and primary Sjögren's syndrome: clinical and laboratory evidence of the coexistence of the two diseases. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1991;9(2):137-41.
32. Sun X, Lu L, Li Y, et al. Increased risk of thyroid disease in patients with Sjogren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2019;7:e6737. DOI:10.7717/peerj.6737
33. Gabrielli A, Avvedimento EV, Krieg T. Scleroderma. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(19):1989-2003. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra0806188
34. Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, Giuggioli D, et al. Associations between Systemic Sclerosis and Thyroid Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:266. DOI:10.3389/fendo.2017.00266
35. Yao Q, Song Z, Wang B, et al. Thyroid disorders in patients with systemic sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(6):634-6. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.01.003
36. Lukjanowicz M, Bobrowska-Snarska D, Brzosko M. Współistnienie niedoczynności tarczycy i zapalenia wielomieśniowego lub skórno-mieśniowego. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2006;52 Suppl. 2:49-55.
37. Yao HH, Li YH, Zhang XW, Li ZG. Clinical analysis and immunological characteristics of patients with dermatomyositis and thyroid dysfunction. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2011;43(2):209-12.
38. Chen P, Xie J, Xiao R, et al. Clinical analysis for 108 cases of dermatomyositis. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2019;44(10):1157-62.
DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2019.180726
39. Barnes CG, Yazici H. Behçet's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999;38(12):1171-4. DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/38.12.1171
40. Cebeci F, Onsun N, Pekdemir A, et al. Thyroid autoimmunity and Behçet's disease: is there a significant association? Scientific World Journal. 2013;2013:956837. DOI:10.1155/2013/956837
41. Lin HP, Wu YH, Yu-Fong Chang J, et al. Gastric parietal cell and thyroid autoantibodies in patients with Behcet's disease. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(6):505-11. DOI:10.1016/j.jfma.2018.03.002
42. Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Ruffilli I, et al. Increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a longitudinal follow-up study. Immunol Res. 2017;65(3):681-6. DOI:10.1007/s12026-017-8900-8
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44. Lionaki S, Hogan SL, Falk RJ, et al. Association between thyroid disease and its treatment with ANCA small-vessel vasculitis: a case-control study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22(12):3508-15. DOI:10.1093/ndt/gfm493
45. Balavoine AS, Glinoer D, Dubucquoi S, Wémeau JL. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Positive Small-Vessel Vasculitis Associated with Antithyroid Drug Therapy: How Significant Is the Clinical Problem? Thyroid. 2015;25(12):1273-81. DOI:10.1089/thy.2014.0603
46. Thomas RD, Croft DN. Thyrotoxicosis and giant-cell arteritis. Br Med J. 1974;2(5916):408-9. DOI:10.1136/bmj.2.5916.408
47. Wiseman P, Stewart K, Rai GS. Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. BMJ. 1989;298(6674):647-8. DOI:10.1136/bmj.298.6674.647
48. Barrier JH, Abram M, Brisseau JM, et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease, thyroid antibodies and giant cell arteritis: the supposed correlation appears fortuitous. J Rheumatol. 1992;19(11):1733-4.
49. Juchet H, Labarthe MP, Ollier S, et al. Prevalence de l'hypothyroidie et de l'hyperthyroidie dans la maladie de Horton et la pseudopolyarthrite rhizomélique. Etude contrôlée portant sur 104 cas. Rev Rhum Ed Fr. 1993;60(7-8):493-8.
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________________________________________________
1. Troshina EA, Nikonova TV, Svitich OA, Iukina MYu. Autoimmunyi poligliandularnyi sindrom vsroslykh. Pod red. II Dedova, EA Troshina. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2019 (in Russian).
2. Panevin TS, Molashenko NV, Troshina EA, Golovenko EN. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of adults: current ideas about predictors development of damage of a myocardium and diagnostics of components of a disease. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology. 2018;14(2):92-9 (in Russian). DOI:10.14341/ket9641
3. Troshina EA, Larina AA, Terekhova MA. Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome in adults: molecular genetic and clinical characteristics (lecture). Consilium Medicum. 2019;21(4):91-6 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/20751753.2019.4.190361
4. Betterle C, Furmaniak J, Sabbadin C, et al. Type 3 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS-3) or type 3 multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS-3): an expanding galaxy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2023;46(4):643-65. DOI:10.1007/s40618-022-01994-1
5. Gaches F, Delaire L, Nadalon S, et al. Fréquence des maladies auto-immunes chez 218 patients atteints de pathologies thyroïdiennes auto-immunes. Rev Med Interne.
1998;19(3):173-9. DOI:10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80716-3
6. Masi AT, Hartmann WH, Hahn BH, et al. Hashimoto's disease. A clinicopathological study with matched controls. Lack of significant associations with other "autoimmune" disorders. Lancet. 1965;1(7377):123-6. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91088-3
7. Becker KL, Ferguson RH, McConahey WM. The connective-tissue diseases and symptoms associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. N Engl J Med. 1963;268:277-80. DOI:10.1056/NEJM196302072680601
8. Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Ruffilli I, et al. The association of other autoimmune diseases in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis: Review of the literature and report of a large series of patients. Autoimmun Rev. 2016;15(12):1125-8. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2016.09.009
9. Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, et al. The association of other autoimmune diseases in patients with Graves' disease (with or without ophthalmopathy): Review of the literature and report of a large series. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(3):287-92. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.10.001
10. White RG, Bass BH, Williams E. Lymphadenoid goitre and the syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet. 1961;1(7173):368‑73. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(61)91537-9
11. Loviselli A, Velluzzi F, Pala R, et al. Circulating antibodies to DNA-related antigens in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Autoimmunity. 1992;14(1):33-6. DOI:10.3109/08916939309077354
12. Morita S, Arima T, Matsuda M. Prevalence of nonthyroid specific autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80(4):1203-6. DOI:10.1210/jcem.80.4.7714090
13. Reshetnyak TM, Shumilova AA, Kosheleva NM. Clinical Value of Antinuclear Antibodies. Lechebnoe delo. 2021;4:96-103 (in Russian). DOI:10.24412/2071-5315-2021-12398
14. Luo W, Mao P, Zhang L, Yang Z. Association between systemic lupus erythematosus and thyroid dysfunction: a meta-analysis. Lupus. 2018;27(13):2120-8. DOI:10.1177/0961203318805849
15. Kumar K, Kole AK, Karmakar PS, Ghosh A. The spectrum of thyroid disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(1):73-8. DOI:10.1007/s00296-010-1556-5
16. Posselt RT, Coelho VN, Pigozzo DC, et al. Prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with systematic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2017;135(6):535-40. DOI:10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0089110617
17. Pan XF, Gu JQ, Shan ZY. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have higher prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123291. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0123291
18. Ngian GS. Rheumatoid arthritis. Australian Family Physician. 2010; 39(9):626-8.
19. Mulhern LM, Masi AT, Shulman LE. Hashimoto's disease. A search for associated disorders in 170 clinically detected cases. Lancet. 1966;2(7462):508-11.
DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(66)92875-3
20. Hu Y, Wang H, Deng J. Adult-Onset Still's Disease Associated with Thyroid Dysfunction: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Open Rheumatol J. 2014;8:9-12. DOI:10.2174/1874312901408010009
21. Alhomaidah D, Alsagheir A, Al-Mayouf SM. Coexistence of endocrinopathies in children with rheumatic diseases. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2016;3(3):119-22. DOI:10.1016/j.ijpam.2016.04.002
22. Girón-Pïllado M, Cruz-Bautista I, Saavedra-González V, et al. Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Real-life Screening Practice and Clinical Outcomes. Curr Rheumatol Rev. 2022;18(3):272-7. DOI:10.2174/1573397118666220127105546
23. Coll J, Anglada J, Tomas S, et al. High prevalence of subclinical Sjögren's syndrome features in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. J Rheumatol. 1997;24(9):1719-24.
24. Bloch KJ, Buchanan WW, Wohl MJ, Bunin JJ. Sjogren syndrome. A clinical, pathological and sierological study of 62 cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 1965;44:187-231.
25. Gordon T, Isenberg D. The endocrinologic associations of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1987;17(1):58‑70.
26. Hughes GR, Whaley K. Sjögren's syndrome. Br Med J. 1972;4(5839):533‑6. DOI:10.1136/bmj.4.5839.533
27. Karsh J, Pavlidis N, Weintraub BD, Moutsopoulos HM. Thyroid disease in Sjögren's syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1980;23(11):1326-9. DOI:10.1002/art.1780231118
28. Fox RI, Howell FV, Bone RC, Michelson P. Primary Sjogren syndrome: clinical and immunopathologic features. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1984;14(2):77-105.
DOI:10.1016/0049-0172(84)90001-5
29. Pérez B, Kraus A, López G, et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Am J Med. 1995;99(5):480-4. DOI:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80223-x
30. Punzi L, Ostuni PA, Betterle C, et al. Thyroid gland disorders in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. 1996;63(11):809-14.
31. Hansen BU, Ericsson UB, Henricsson V, et al. Autoimmune thyroiditis and primary Sjögren's syndrome: clinical and laboratory evidence of the coexistence of the two diseases. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1991;9(2):137-41.
32. Sun X, Lu L, Li Y, et al. Increased risk of thyroid disease in patients with Sjogren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2019;7:e6737. DOI:10.7717/peerj.6737
33. Gabrielli A, Avvedimento EV, Krieg T. Scleroderma. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(19):1989-2003. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra0806188
34. Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, Giuggioli D, et al. Associations between Systemic Sclerosis and Thyroid Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017;8:266. DOI:10.3389/fendo.2017.00266
35. Yao Q, Song Z, Wang B, et al. Thyroid disorders in patients with systemic sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(6):634-6. DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.01.003
36. Lukjanowicz M, Bobrowska-Snarska D, Brzosko M. Współistnienie niedoczynności tarczycy i zapalenia wielomieśniowego lub skórno-mieśniowego. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2006;52 Suppl. 2:49-55.
37. Yao HH, Li YH, Zhang XW, Li ZG. Clinical analysis and immunological characteristics of patients with dermatomyositis and thyroid dysfunction. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2011;43(2):209-12.
38. Chen P, Xie J, Xiao R, et al. Clinical analysis for 108 cases of dermatomyositis. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2019;44(10):1157-62.
DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2019.180726
39. Barnes CG, Yazici H. Behçet's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999;38(12):1171-4. DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/38.12.1171
40. Cebeci F, Onsun N, Pekdemir A, et al. Thyroid autoimmunity and Behçet's disease: is there a significant association? Scientific World Journal. 2013;2013:956837. DOI:10.1155/2013/956837
41. Lin HP, Wu YH, Yu-Fong Chang J, et al. Gastric parietal cell and thyroid autoantibodies in patients with Behcet's disease. J Formos Med Assoc. 2018;117(6):505-11. DOI:10.1016/j.jfma.2018.03.002
42. Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Ruffilli I, et al. Increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a longitudinal follow-up study. Immunol Res. 2017;65(3):681-6. DOI:10.1007/s12026-017-8900-8
43. Beketova TV, Nasonov EL. Modern classification of systemic vasculitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2014;(5):94-8 (in Russian).
44. Lionaki S, Hogan SL, Falk RJ, et al. Association between thyroid disease and its treatment with ANCA small-vessel vasculitis: a case-control study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22(12):3508-15. DOI:10.1093/ndt/gfm493
45. Balavoine AS, Glinoer D, Dubucquoi S, Wémeau JL. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Positive Small-Vessel Vasculitis Associated with Antithyroid Drug Therapy: How Significant Is the Clinical Problem? Thyroid. 2015;25(12):1273-81. DOI:10.1089/thy.2014.0603
46. Thomas RD, Croft DN. Thyrotoxicosis and giant-cell arteritis. Br Med J. 1974;2(5916):408-9. DOI:10.1136/bmj.2.5916.408
47. Wiseman P, Stewart K, Rai GS. Hypothyroidism in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis. BMJ. 1989;298(6674):647-8. DOI:10.1136/bmj.298.6674.647
48. Barrier JH, Abram M, Brisseau JM, et al. Autoimmune thyroid disease, thyroid antibodies and giant cell arteritis: the supposed correlation appears fortuitous. J Rheumatol. 1992;19(11):1733-4.
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Авторы
Т.С. Паневин*1,2, Е.Г. Зоткин1, Е.А. Трошина3
1ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой», Москва, Россия; 2ФГБОУ ВО «Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Хабаровск, Россия; 3ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*tarasel@list.ru
________________________________________________
Taras S. Panevin*1,2, Evgeniy G. Zotkin1, Ekaterina A. Troshina3
1Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia 2Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia; 3National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russia
*tarasel@list.ru