Кардиоренальные синдромы: история и современность

Нежданов К.С., Милованова Л.Ю., Стрижаков Л.А., Краснова Т.Н. Кардиоренальные синдромы: история и современность. Терапевтический архив. 2023;95(6):521–525. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.06.202234

© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2023 г.

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Nezhdanov KS, Milovanova LYu, Strizhakov LA, Krasnova TN. Cardiorenal syndromes: historical aspects and current challenges. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2023;95(6):521–525. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.06.202234

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Аннотация

В статье освещены основные этапы формирования понимания патофизиологических взаимоотношений между сердцем и почками от Древнего Египта до настоящего времени, история термина «кардиоренальный синдром» (КРС). Первые рассуждения о функции сердца и почек встречаются еще в XIII в. до н.э., на эту тему писал Гиппократ. В XIV в. Джентиле да Фолиньо предположил взаимосвязь работы сердца и почек. Ричард Брайт в XVIII в. описывает связь гипертрофии миокарда и повреждения почек. Фридрих Джастин Коллет в 1903 г. впервые употребляет термин «кардиоренальный». В нашей стране Я.Я. Стольников еще в 1880 г. проводил опыты по выявлению связи гипертрофии миокарда и ишемии почек. Е.М. Тареев уделяет наибольшее внимание проблеме взаимодействия почек и сердца в своих работах «Анемия брайтиков» (1929) и «Гипертоническая болезнь» (1948). Изучение данной проблемы активно продолжили ученики научной школы Е.М. Тареева: Н.А. Мухин, В.С. Моисеев и их последователи – Ж.Д. Кобалава, В.В. Фомин, С.В. Моисеев, С.В. Виллевальде и др., что привело к созданию первых российских рекомендаций по стратегии кардио-нефропротекции при КРС в 2014 г. Мировое сообщество впервые употребляет термин КРС в 2008 г. на конференции инициативной группы ADQI (Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Group), в этом же году опубликованы первые клинические рекомендации по КРС. В настоящий момент проводятся исследования для уточнения ответов на спорные вопросы в отношении классификации, биомаркеров и других аспектов КРС.

Ключевые слова: кардиоренальные синдромы, история изучения, острое почечное повреждение, хроническая болезнь почек, сердечная недостаточность, гипертрофия миокарда левого желудочка сердца

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The article describes major milestones in acknowledgment of pathophysiological relationship between heart and kidneys since Ancient Egypt till our time and history of term “cardiorenal syndrome” (CRS). First references about kidney and heart functions could be dated to 13 BC when Hippocrates mentioned them. In the XIV century Gentile da Foligno proposed a hypothesis about functional interconnection between heart and kidneys. In the XVIII century Richard Bright described the link between myocardial hypertrophy and kidneys diseases. Frederic Justin Collet was the first one who used the term “cardiorenal” in his article in 1903. In Russia, I.I. Stolnikov conducted his experiments about myocardial hypertrophy and kidneys ischemia in 1880. Famous Russian internist, E.M. Tareev, devoted several paragraphs to cardiorenal interactions in his fundamental manuals “Anemia in Bright’s disease” (1929) and “Hypertension” (1948). The research on this topic was continued by Tareev’s followers: N.A. Mukhin, V.S. Moiseev, more recent successors – Zh.D. Kobalava, S.V. Moiseev, V.V. Fomin, S.V. Villevalde and others. Their contribution resulted in development of first Russian clinical guidelines on cardio and nephroprotection in CRS in 2014. In 2008 consensus of Acute Disease Quality Initiative summarized current experience on CRS. Today, research on controversial classification questions, biomarkers and other aspects of CRS continues.

Keywords: сardiorenal syndromes, historical aspects, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney injury, heart failure, myocardial hypertrophy

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35. Milovanova LY, Taranova MV, Milovanova SY, et al. Cardiovascular remodeling as a result of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)/Klotho imbalance in patients with CKD. 2022. Int Urol Nephrol. 2022;54(1):1613-21. DOI:10.1007/s11255-021-03046-8

________________________________________________

1. Ronco C, House AA, Haapio M. Cardiorenal syndrome: Refining the definition of a complex symbiosis gone wrong. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34(5):957-62.
DOI:10.1007/s00134-008-1017-8
2. Zoccali C, Mallamaci F. The chronology of the clinical cardiorenal links and health outcomes: problematic issues of the cardiorenal syndrome construct. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2022;37(12):2300-2. DOI:10.1093/ndt/gfac180
3. Saba MM, Ventura HO, Saleh M, Mehra MR. Ancient Egyptian medicine and the concept of heart failure. J Card Fail. 2006;12(6):416‑21. DOI:10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.03.001
4. Taylor JH. Journey through the Afterlife: Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. Harvard University Press, 2010.
5. Dong J, Wang T, Zhao L, Chen X. Pattern of disharmony between the heart and kidney: Theoretical basis, identification and treatment. J Tradit Chinese Med Sci. 2017;4(4):317-21. DOI:10.1016/j.jtcms.2017.12.001
6. Chiang H-C, Chang H-H, Huang P-Y, Hsu M. On the qi deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;53(3):317‑23. DOI:10.1016/j.tjog.2013.06.013
7. Marketos SG, Eftychiadis AG, Diamandopoulos A. Acute renal failure according to ancient Greek and Byzantine medical writers. J R Soc Med. 1993;86(5):290-3.
8. Eknoyan G. Origins of nephrology: Hippocrates, the father of clinical nephrology. Am J Nephrol. 1988;8(6):498-507. DOI:10.1159/000167669
9. Eknoyan G. The origins of nephrology – Galen, the founding father of experimental renal physiology. Am J Nephrol. 1989;9(1):66-82. DOI:10.1159/000167939
10. Diamandopoulos A. Plenary lecture. Twelve centuries of nephrological writings in The Graeco-Roman world of the Eastern Mediterranean (from Hippocrates to Aetius Amidanus). Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14(90002):2-9. DOI:10.1093/ndt/14.suppl_2.2
11. Sharpe WD. The Concept of Heart Failure From Avicenna to Albertini: Translations, Commentaries and an Essay. Bull N Y Acad Med. 1982;58(8):757-60.
12. Kleisiaris CF, Sfakianakis C, Papathanasiou IV. Health care practices in ancient Greece: The Hippocratic ideal. J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2014;7:6.
13. Timio M. Gentile da Foligno, a pioneer of cardionephrology: commentary on Carmina de urinarum iudiciis and De pulsibus. Am J Nephrol. 1999;19(2):189-92. DOI:10.1159/000013450
14. Personality T, Harvey W, Leake CD, Thomas C. William Harvey and the Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood. Circ Res. 2019;124(9):1300-2. DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.314977
15. Ventura HO. Giovanni Battista Morgagni and the foundation of modern medicine. Clin Cardiol. 2000;23(10):792-4. DOI:10.1002/clc.4960231021
16. Cameron JS, Hicks J. High blood pressure and the kidney: the forgotten contribution of William Senhouse Kirkes. Kidney Int. 2000;57(2):724‑34.
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00895.x
17. Pliquett RU. Cardiorenal Syndrome: An Updated Classification Based on Clinical Hallmarks. J Clin Med. 2022;11(10):2896. DOI:10.3390/jcm11102896
18. Mulcahy R. “Diseases of the Heart and Aorta;” by William Stokes (4854); a modern clinical review. Ir J Med Sci. 1955;(350):53-66.
19. Zununi Vahed S, Ardalan M, Ronco C. Rein cardiaque: Historical Notes on Cardiorenal Syndrome. CardioRenal Med. 2019;9(6):337-40. DOI:10.1159/000503222
20. Lewis T. A clinical lecture on paroxismal dyspnoea in cardiorenal patients with special reference to “cardiac” and “uraemic” asthma, delivered at University College Hospital, London, November 12th, 1913. Br Med J. 1913;2(2761):1417-20. DOI:10.1136/bmj.2.2761.1417
21. Stengel A. Cardiorenal disease: the clinical determination of cardiovascular and renal responsibility, respectively, in its disturbances. J Am Med Assoc. 1914;63(17):1463-9.
22. Heidland A, Gerabek W, Sebekova K. Franz Volhard and Theodor Fahr: achievements and controversies in their research in renal disease and hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 2001;15(1):5-16. DOI:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001130
23. Ledoux P. Cardiorenal syndrome. Avenir Med. 1951;48(8):149-53.
24. Lindner A, Charra B, Sherrard DJ, et al. Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 1974;290(13):697‑701. DOI:10.1056/NEJM197403282901301
25. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2 Suppl. 1):S1-266. PMID: 11904577.
26. Joana G, José Agapito F, Cristina O. Acute Kidney Injury: From Diagnosis to Prevention and Treatment Strategies. J Clin Med. 2020;9(6):1704. DOI:10.3390/jcm9061704
27. Dzyak GV, Kaplan PA. Cardiorenal syndrome: pathophysiology, verification, approaches to treatment. Kidneys. 2012;11:9-18 (in Russian).
28. Natochin YV. The development of physiology in 18th century in Russia. Istoriko-biologicheskie issledovaniya. 2016;8(2):9-24 (in Russian).
29. Ponomarenko GN, Lyadov KV. Botkin physiotherapeutic school. Vestnik Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta im II Mechnikova. 2012;4(3):1125 (in Russian).
30. Khudyakova KB, Kryuchkov AF. Alexander Myasnikov: The way in medicine. Arterial’naya gipertenziya. 2010;16(6):629-31 (in Russian). DOI:10.18705/1607-419X-2010--6-
31. Mukhin NA, Moiseev VS. Cardiorenal ratio and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2003;11:50-6 (in Russian).
32. Moiseev VS, Kobalava ZD. Cardiorenal syndromes: pathogenetic, clinicodiagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2011;83(12):5-11 (in Russian).
33. Kozlovskaya LV, Milovanov YS, Fomin VV, Milovanova LY. Cardiorenal anemic syndrome: clinical implication and therapy aspects. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2005;77(6):82-7 (in Russian).
34. Moiseev VC, Mukhin NA, Smirnov AV, et al. Cardiovascular risk and chronic kidney disease: cardio-nephroprotection strategies. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2014;8:7-37 (in Russian). DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2014-8-7-37
35. Milovanova LY, Taranova MV, Milovanova SY, et al. Cardiovascular remodeling as a result of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)/Klotho imbalance in patients with CKD. 2022. Int Urol Nephrol. 2022;54(1):1613-21. DOI:10.1007/s11255-021-03046-8

Авторы

К.С. Нежданов*1, Л.Ю. Милованова2, Л.А. Стрижаков1,2, Т.Н. Краснова1,2

1 ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова», Москва, Россия;
2 ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия
*nezhdK@yandex.ru

________________________________________________

Kirill S. Nezhdanov*1, Ludmila Yu. Milovanova2, Leonid A. Strizhakov1,2, Tatiana N. Krasnova1,2

1 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia;
2 Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
*nezhdK@yandex.ru

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