Цель. Оценить влияние валсартана + сакубитрила (В+С) на функциональное состояние, систолическую и диастолическую функции левого желудочка (ЛЖ), переносимость терапии и определить предикторы ее эффективности у пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН), связанной с антрациклин-содержащим противоопухолевым лечением (ПОЛ). Материалы и методы. Включены 40 пациентов 58 [46; 65,5] лет с ХСН, связанной с антрациклин-содержащим ПОЛ. Исходно и через 6 мес терапии В+С проводились общеклиническое обследование, эхокардиография, определение калия, креатинина. Результаты. Улучшение функционального класса (ФК) ХСН отмечено у 22 (64,7%) пациентов. Лучевая терапия (ЛТ) снижала (отношение шансов – ОШ 0,091; 95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 0,01–0,83; p=0,03), а исходно низкая фракция выброса (ФВ) ЛЖ – повышала (ОШ 9,0; 95% ДИ 1,78–45,33; p=0,008) шансы на улучшение ФК. ФВ ЛЖ возросла с 37,3 [30; 42,5] до 45 [38; 48] % (p<0,0001) и превысила 50% у 7 (20,6%) пациентов. Вероятность восстановления ФВ ЛЖ повышалась при инициации терапии В+С в срок ≤1 года от окончания терапии антрациклинами (ОШ 10,67; 95% ДИ 1,57–72,67; p=0,0016) и снижалась при наличии ЛТ в анамнезе (ОШ 0,14; 95% ДИ 0,02–0,89; p=0,0037) и возрасте пациентов ≥58 лет (ОШ 0,07; 95% ДИ 0,01–0,68; p=0,022). Отмечено улучшение диастолической функции ЛЖ: снижение Е/é с 13,6 [10; 18,3] до 8,9 [6,9; 13,7] (p=0,0005), изменение типа диастолической дисфункции у 18 (45%) пациентов (p=0,0001). Значимого изменения концентрации калия (4,45 [4,2; 4,8] против 4,5 [4,3; 4,8]; p=0,5) и креатинина (75,4 [67,6; 85,1] против 75,5 [68,2; 98,3]; p=0,08) в сыворотке крови не выявлено. Заключение. Терапия В+С приводит к улучшению ФК, систолической и диастолической функции ЛЖ при благоприятном профиле переносимости у пациентов с ХСН, связанной с антрациклин-содержащим ПОЛ. Отсутствие ЛТ в составе ПОЛ и исходно низкая ФВ ЛЖ повышают вероятность улучшения ФК; отсутствие ЛТ, время ≤1 года от окончания терапии антрациклинами и возраст пациентов <58 лет – вероятность восстановления ФВ ЛЖ.
Aim. To evaluate the effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan (S/V) on the functional status, systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV), tolerability of therapy and to determine predictors of its effectiveness in patients with cancer therapy-related heart failure (СTRHF). Materials and methods. Forty patients 58 [46; 65.5] years of age with HF associated with anthracycline-containing cancer therapy were enrolled. Clinical examination, echocardiography, and assessment of potassium and creatinine levels were performed at baseline and after 6 months of S/V therapy. Results. NYHA functional class (FC) improvement was observed in 22 (64.7%) patients. Radiation therapy (RT) decreased (OR 0.091; 95% CI 0.01–0.83; p=0.03) while baseline low LV EF increased (OR 9.0; 95% CI 1.78–45.33; p=0.008) the odds of FC improvement. LV EF increased from 37.3 [30; 42.5] % to 45 [38; 48] % (p<0.0001) and exceeded 50% in 7 (20.6%) patients. The odds of LV EF recovery increased when S/V therapy was initiated ≤1 year after anthracycline therapy (OR 10.67; 95% CI 1.57–72.67; p=0.0016) and decreased in patients with the history of RT (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02–0.89; p=0.0037) and in patients over 58 years (OR 0.07; 95% CI 0.01–0.68; p=0.022). LV diastolic function improvement included E/e’ descent from 13.6 [10; 18.3] to 8.9 [6.9; 13.7] (p=0.0005), and decrease in diastolic dysfunction grade in 18 (45%) patients (p=0.0001). No significant change in serum potassium (4.45 [4.2; 4.8] versus 4.5 [4.3; 4.8]; p=0.5) and creatinine (75.4 [67.6; 85.1] versus 75.5 [68.2; 98.3]; p=0.08) levels were observed. Conclusion. S/V therapy is associated with improvement of EF, systolic and diastolic LV function, demonstrates a favorable tolerability profile in patients with СTRHF. Lack of RT and low baseline LV EF increased the odds of LV EF improvement; lack of RT, early (≤1 year) start of treatment after discontinuation of anthracycline therapy, and age <58 years increased the odds of LV EF recovery.
Keywords: sacubitril/valsartan, cardiotoxicity, heart failure, anthracyclines, cancer therapy
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3. Ewer MS, Ewer SM. Cardiotoxicity of anticancer treatments. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2015;12(11):620. DOI:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.133
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5. Zamorano JL, Lancellotti P, Munoz DR, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Position Paper on cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity developed under the auspices of the ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines: The Task Force for cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2016;37(36):2768-801. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw211
6. Lyon AR, López-Fernández T, Couch LS, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS). Eur Heart J. 2022;43(41):4229-361. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac244
7. Cardinale D, Colombo A, Lamantia G, et al. Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: clinical relevance and response to pharmacologic therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(3):213-20.
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.03.095
8. Cardinale D, Colombo A, Bacchiani G, et al. Early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and improvement with heart failure therapy. Circulation. 2015;131(22):1981-8.
DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013777
9. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3599-726. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368
10. Gregorietti V, Fernandez TL, Costa D, et al. Use of Sacubitril/valsartan in patients with cardio toxicity and heart failure due to chemotherapy. Cardiooncology. 2020;6(1):24. DOI:10.1186/s40959-020-00078-4
11. Martín-Garcia A, López-Fernández T, Mitroi C, et al. Effectiveness of sacubitril-valsartan in cancer patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(2):763-7. DOI:10.1002/ehf2.12627
12. Frey MK, Arfsten H, Pavo N, et al. Sacubitril/valsartan is well tolerated in patients with longstanding heart failure and history of cancer and improves ventricular function: real-world data. Cardiooncology. 2021;7(1):35. DOI:10.1186/s40959-021-00121-y
13. Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, et al. Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(15):1077-84. DOI:10.1056/NEJM200004133421502
14. Nadruz W Jr., West E, Sengelov M, et al. Cardiovascular phenotype and prognosis of patients with heart failure induced by cancer therapy. Heart. 2019;105(1):34-41. DOI:10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313234
15. Muntwyler J, Abetel G, Gruner C, Follath F. One-year mortality among unselected outpatients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2002;23(23):1861‑6. DOI:10.1053/euhj.2002.3282
16. Yusuf SW, Howell RM, Gomez D, et al. Radiation-related heart and vascular disease. Future Oncol. 2015;11(14):2067-76. DOI:10.2217/fon.15.129
17. Taunk NK, Haffty BG, Kostis JB, Goyal S. Radiation-induced heart disease: pathologic abnormalities and putative mechanisms. Front Oncol. 2015;5:39. DOI:10.3389/fonc.2015.00039
18. Tsai HR, Gjesdal O, Wethal T, et al. Left ventricular function assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in long-term survivors of Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated by mediastinal radiotherapy with or without anthracycline therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107:472-7. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.09.048
19. McMurray JJV, Packer M, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin – niprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. New Eng J Med. 2014;371(11):993-1004. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1409077
20. Клинические рекомендации. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность. Рубрикатор КР. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/156_1. Ссылка активна на 03.05.2023 [Clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Chronic heart failure. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/156_1. Accessed: 03.05.2023 (in Russian)].
21. Canu A, Maurin V, Dos Santos P, Picard F. Results of a single center experience on 200 consecutive patients treated with Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan). Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(Suppl. 1):413.
22. Vader JM, Givertz MM, Starling RC, et al. Tolerability of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: Analysis of the LIFE Trial Run-In. JACC Heart Fail. 2022;10(7):449-56. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2022.04.013
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1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(1):7-33. DOI:10.3322/caac.21708
2. Federal State Statistics Service. Health care. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/13721. Accessed: 03.05.2023 (in Russian).
3. Ewer MS, Ewer SM. Cardiotoxicity of anticancer treatments. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2015;12(11):620. DOI:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.133
4. Abdel-Rahman O. Risk of cardiac death among cancer survivors in the United States: a SEER database analysis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2017;17(9):873-78. DOI:10.1080/14737140.2017.1344099
5. Zamorano JL, Lancellotti P, Munoz DR, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Position Paper on cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity developed under the auspices of the ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines: The Task Force for cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2016;37(36):2768-801. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw211
6. Lyon AR, López-Fernández T, Couch LS, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS). Eur Heart J. 2022;43(41):4229-361. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac244
7. Cardinale D, Colombo A, Lamantia G, et al. Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: clinical relevance and response to pharmacologic therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(3):213-20.
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.03.095
8. Cardinale D, Colombo A, Bacchiani G, et al. Early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and improvement with heart failure therapy. Circulation. 2015;131(22):1981-8.
DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013777
9. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(36):3599-726. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab368
10. Gregorietti V, Fernandez TL, Costa D, et al. Use of Sacubitril/valsartan in patients with cardio toxicity and heart failure due to chemotherapy. Cardiooncology. 2020;6(1):24. DOI:10.1186/s40959-020-00078-4
11. Martín-Garcia A, López-Fernández T, Mitroi C, et al. Effectiveness of sacubitril-valsartan in cancer patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7(2):763-7. DOI:10.1002/ehf2.12627
12. Frey MK, Arfsten H, Pavo N, et al. Sacubitril/valsartan is well tolerated in patients with longstanding heart failure and history of cancer and improves ventricular function: real-world data. Cardiooncology. 2021;7(1):35. DOI:10.1186/s40959-021-00121-y
13. Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, et al. Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(15):1077-84. DOI:10.1056/NEJM200004133421502
14. Nadruz W Jr., West E, Sengelov M, et al. Cardiovascular phenotype and prognosis of patients with heart failure induced by cancer therapy. Heart. 2019;105(1):34-41. DOI:10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313234
15. Muntwyler J, Abetel G, Gruner C, Follath F. One-year mortality among unselected outpatients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2002;23(23):1861‑6. DOI:10.1053/euhj.2002.3282
16. Yusuf SW, Howell RM, Gomez D, et al. Radiation-related heart and vascular disease. Future Oncol. 2015;11(14):2067-76. DOI:10.2217/fon.15.129
17. Taunk NK, Haffty BG, Kostis JB, Goyal S. Radiation-induced heart disease: pathologic abnormalities and putative mechanisms. Front Oncol. 2015;5:39. DOI:10.3389/fonc.2015.00039
18. Tsai HR, Gjesdal O, Wethal T, et al. Left ventricular function assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in long-term survivors of Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated by mediastinal radiotherapy with or without anthracycline therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107:472-7. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.09.048
19. McMurray JJV, Packer M, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin – niprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. New Eng J Med. 2014;371(11):993-1004. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1409077
20. Clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Chronic heart failure. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/156_1. Accessed: 03.05.2023 (in Russian).
21. Canu A, Maurin V, Dos Santos P, Picard F. Results of a single center experience on 200 consecutive patients treated with Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan). Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(Suppl. 1):413.
22. Vader JM, Givertz MM, Starling RC, et al. Tolerability of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure: Analysis of the LIFE Trial Run-In. JACC Heart Fail. 2022;10(7):449-56. DOI:10.1016/j.jchf.2022.04.013
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
*marinavitsenya@gmail.com
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Marina V. Vitsenya*, Alexandra V. Potekhina, Svetlana V. Gavryushina, Nursiiat M. Ibragimova, Olga V. Stukalova, Valery P. Masenko, Tatiana V. Sharf, Fail T. Ageev