Современные стратегии профилактики рака желудка

Бордин Д.С., Никольская К.А., Чеботарева М.В., Хатьков И.Е. Современные стратегии профилактики рака желудка. Терапевтический архив. 2024;96(12):1115–1120. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.12.203080

© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2024 г.

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Bordin DS, Nikolskaya KA, Chebotareva MV, Khatkov IE. Modern strategies for the gastric cancer prevention. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2024;96(12):1115–1120. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.12.203080

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Аннотация

Рак желудка (РЖ) входит в пятерку лидеров в структуре заболеваемости и смертности среди онкологических заболеваний в Российской Федерации и в мире. В настоящее время наблюдается уменьшение заболеваемости РЖ, что связывают со снижением распространенности инфекции Helicobacter pylori. Однако в связи с изменением структуры населения, увеличением продолжительности жизни ожидается, что абсолютное число случаев РЖ и смертность увеличатся. РЖ является следствием длительного течения хронического гастрита. Как минимум 90% случаев РЖ обусловлены H. pylori. Снижение заболеваемости и смертности от РЖ достижимо при разумном сочетании 2 стратегий: первичной профилактики, основанной на выявлении и эрадикации H. pylori, и вторичной профилактики, которая базируется на эндоскопическом скрининге раннего РЖ и формировании групп высокого риска развития рака и их последующего эндоскопического наблюдения.

Ключевые слова: рак желудка, первичная профилактика рака желудка, Helicobacter pylori, эндоскопический скрининг

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Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the top five cancer morbidity and mortality rates in the Russian Federation and worldwide. Currently, there is a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, which is associated with a decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. However, due to changes in the population structure and increased life expectancy, the absolute number of gastric cancer cases and mortality are expected to increase. GC is a consequence of long-term chronic gastritis. At least 90% of gastric cancers are caused by H. pylori. Reducing the incidence and mortality from GC is achievable with a reasonable combination of 2 strategies: primary prevention based on the detection and eradication of H. pylori, and secondary prevention, which is based on endoscopic screening of early GC and the formation of high-risk groups for cancer development and their subsequent endoscopic observation.

Keywords: gastric cancer, primary prevention of gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori, endoscopic screening

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9. Gullo I, Grillo F, Mastracci L, et al. Precancerous lesions of the stomach, gastric cancer and hereditary gastric cancer syndromes. Pathologica. 2020;112(3):166-85. DOI:10.32074/1591-951X-166
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24. McNicholl AG, O'Morain CA, Megraud F, et al. Protocol of the European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-EuReg). Helicobacter. 2019;24(5):e12630. DOI:10.1111/hel.12630
25. Nyssen OP, Bordin D, Tepes B, et al. European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg): patterns and trends in first-line empirical eradication prescription and outcomes of 5 years and 21 533 patients. Gut. 2021;70(1):40-54. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321372
26. Jonaitis P, Nyssen OP, Saracino IM, et al. Comparison of the management of Helicobacter pylori infection between the older and younger European populations. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):17235. DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-43287-4
27. Bujanda L, Nyssen OP, Ramos J, et al. Effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori Treatments According to Antibiotic Resistance. Am J Gastroenterol. 2024;119(4):646-54. DOI:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002600
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Авторы

Д.С. Бордин*^1–3, К.А. Никольская^1,4, М.В. Чеботарева^1,4, И.Е. Хатьков^1,2

¹ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр им. А.С. Логинова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
²ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
³ФГБОУ ВО «Тверской государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Тверь, Россия;
⁴ГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия
*dbordin@mail.ru

________________________________________________

Dmitry S. Bordin*^1–3, Karine A. Nikolskaya^1,4, Margarita V. Chebotareva^1,4, Igor E. Khatkov^1,2

¹Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia;
²Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia;
³Tver State Medical University, Tver, Russia;
⁴Research Institute of Public Health Organization and Medical Management, Moscow, Russia
*dbordin@mail.ru

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