1. Ивашкин В.Т., Маев И.В., Лапина Т.Л., и др. Клинические рекомендации Российской гастроэнтерологической ассоциации и ассоциации «Эндоскопическое общество РЭНДО» по диагностике и лечению гастрита, дуоденита. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2021;31(4):70-99 [Ivashkin VT, Maev IV, Lapina TL, et al. Clinical Recommendations of Russian Gastroenterological Association and RENDO Endoscopic Society on Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastritis and Duodenitis. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2021;31(4):70-99 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-4-70-99
2. Moutier F, Cornet A. Lesgastrites. Masson. Paris. 1955.
3. Morgagni GB. Desidibusetcausismorborumperanatomen indagatislibriquinqe. Venetiis, 1765.
4. Laszlo I, Cseko K, Czimmer J, Mozsik G. Diagnosis of Gastritis – Review from Early Pathological Evaluation to Present Day Management. Current Topics in Gastritis – 2012 [Internet]. Accessed: 16.01.2023. DOI:10.5772/52884
5. Bock OA. The relationship between chronic gastritis, gastric ulceration and carcinoma of the stomach. A historical review. S Afr Med J. 1974;48(49):2063-6. 
6. Carswell. Sir R. Quoted by Schindler. 1838.
7. Laube WO. NervoseDispepsie. Deutsches Archiv für klinische Medizin. 1879;23:98-104. 
8. Fenwick S. On atrophy of the stomach. Lancet. 1870;ii:78-80.
9. Faber K, Bloch CE. Ueber die pathologischen Veranderungen am Digestionstractus bei der perniciosier Anamie und uber die sogenannte Darmatrophie. Ztschr F Klin Med. 1900;40:98.
10. Chanarin I. Historical review: a history of pernicious anaemia. Br J Haematol. 2000;111(2):407-15. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02238.x
11. Комаров Ф.И., Рапопорт С.И. Руководство по гастроэнтерологии. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 2010 [Komarov FI, Rapoport SI. Rukovodstvo po gastroenterologii. Moscow: Meditsinskoie informatsionnoie agentstvo, 2010 (in Russian)].
12. Schäfer PK, Sauerbruch T. Rudolf Schindler (1888–1968) – "father" of gastroscopy. Z Gastroenterol. 2004;42(6):550-6. DOI:10.1055/s-2004-813178
13. Schindler R. Gastritis. L.: William Heinmann (Medical Books), 1947.
14. Cheli R, Dodero M. Sulle alterazioni ghiandolari fundiche nelle gastriti croniche. Ricerche bioetiche e correlazioni anatomo-secretorie. Min Gastroenterol. 1956;4:1-6.
15. Coghill NF, Doniach D, Roitt IM, et al. Autoantibodies in simple atrophic gastritis. Gut. 1965;6(1):48-56. DOI:10.1136/gut.6.1.48
16. Gregory RA, Tracy HJ, Grossman MI, et al. Isolation of canine gastrin. Experientia. 1969;25(4):345-6. DOI:10.1007/BF01899904
17. Cheli R, Perasso A, Giacosa A. Gastritis. A Critical Review. Foreword by BI Hirschowitz. B.,H.: Springer-Verlag. 1987.
18. Jarvi O, Lauren P. On the role of heterotopias of the intestinal epithelium in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1951;29(1):26-44. 
19. Lauren P. The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical classification. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1965;64:31-49. DOI:10.1111/apm.1965.64.1.31
20. Whitehead R, Truelove SC, Gear MW. The histological diagnosis of chronic gastritis in fibreoptic gastroscope biopsy specimens. J Clin Pathol. 1972;25(1):1-11. DOI:10.1136/jcp.25.1.1
21. Strickland RG, Mackay IR. A reappraisal of the nature and significance of chronic atrophic gastritis. Am J Dig Dis. 1973;18(5):426-40. DOI:10.1007/BF01071995
22. Jerzy Glass GB, Pitchumoni CS. Structural and ultrastructural alterations, exfoliative cytology and enzyme cytochemistry and histochemistry, proliferation kinetics, immunological derangements and other causes, and clinical associations and sequallae. Hum Pathol. 1975;6(2):219-50. 
23. Correa P, Haenszel W, Cuello C, et al. A model for gastric cancer epidemiology. Lancet. 1975;2(7924):58-60. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90498-5
24. Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process – First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Cancer Res. 1992;52(24):6735-40. 
25. Бордин Д.С., Шенгелия М.И., Иванова В.А., Войнован И.Н. История открытия бактерии Helicobacter pylori. Терапевтический архив. 2022;94(2):283-8 [Bordin DS, Shengelia MI, Ivanova VA, Voinovan IN. The history of the discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2022;94(2):283-8 (in Russian)]. DOI:10.26442/00403660.2022.02.201377
26. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, Rokkas T, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report. Gut. 2022:gutjnl-2022-327745. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327745
27. Бордин Д.С., Ливзан М.А., Осипенко М.Ф., и др. Ключевые положения консенсуса Маастрихт VI. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2022;205(9):5-21 [Bordin DS, Livzan MA, Osipenko MF, et al. Key Points of the Consensus Maastricht VI. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2022;205(9):5-21 (in Russian)].
DOI:10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-205-9-5-21
28. Wyatt JI, Dixon MF. Chronic gastritis – a pathogenetic approach. J Pathol. 1988;154(2):113-24. DOI:10.1002/path.1711540203
29. Sobala GM, King RF, Axon AT, Dixon MF. Reflux gastritis in the intact stomach. J Clin Pathol. 1990;43(4):303-6. DOI:10.1136/jcp.43.4.303
30. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;20(10):1161-81. DOI:10.1097/00000478-199610000-00001
31. Misiewicz JJ. The Sydney System: a new classification of gastritis. Introduction. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;6(3):207-8. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1991.tb01467.x
32. Price AB. The Sydney System: histological division. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;6(3):209-22. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1991.tb01468.x
33. Correa P, Yardley JH. Grading and classification of chronic gastritis: one American response to the Sydney system. Gastroenterology. 1992;102(1):355-9.
DOI:10.1016/0016-5085(92)91820-t
34. Циммерман Я.С. Клиническая гастроэнтерология. М.: ГэотарМедиа, 2009 [Zimmerman IaS. Klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia. Moscow: GeotarMedia, 2009 (in Russian)].
35. Rugge M, Genta RM; OLGA Group. Staging gastritis: an international proposal [published correction appears in Gastroenterology]. Gastroenterology. 2005;129(5):1807-8. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.056
36. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O'Morain CA, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection – the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut. 2017;66(1):6-30. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288
37. Аруин Л.И., Кононов А.В., Мозговой С.И. Новая Классификация хронического гастрита. Актуальные вопросы патологической анатомии: Материалы III съезда Рос. Общества патологоанатомов. Самара. 2009;1:5-8 [Aruin LI, Kononov AV, Mozgovoi SI. Novaya Klassifikatsiia khronicheskogo gastrita. Aktual'nyie voprosy patologicheskoi anatomii: Materialy III s"iezda Ros. Obshchestva patologoanatomov. Samara. 2009;1:5-8 (in Russian)]. 
38. Satoh K, Osawa H, Yoshizawa M, et al. Assessment of atrophic gastritis using the OLGA system. Helicobacter. 2008;13(3):225-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00599.x
39. Ramírez-Mendoza P, González-Angulo J, Ángeles-Garay U, et al. Evaluation of Gastric Atrophy. Comparison between Sidney and OLGA Systems. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2008;46(2):135-9. 
40. Capelle LG, de Vries AC, Haringsma J, et al. The staging of gastritis with the OLGA system by using intestinal metaplasia as an accurate alternative for atrophic gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;71(7):1150-8. DOI:10.1016/j.gie.2009.12.029
41. Shah SC, Piazuelo MB, Kuipers EJ, Li D. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Atrophic Gastritis: Expert Review. Gastroenterology.
2021;161(4):1325-32.e7. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.078
42. Rugge M, Fassan M, Pizzi M, et al. Operative link for gastritis assessment vs operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17(41):4596-601. DOI:10.3748/wjg.v17.i41.4596
43. Wei N, Zhong Z, Shi R. A novel method of grading gastric intestinal metaplasia based on the combination of subtype and distribution. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):61. DOI:10.1186/s12935-021-01758-6
44. Аруин Л.И., Кононов А.В., Мозговой С.И. Международная классификация хронического гастрита: что следует принять и что вызывает сомнения. Архив патологии. 2009;71(4):11-8 [Aruin LI, Kononov AV, Mozgovoy SI. International classification of chronic gastritis: what to accept or revisit. Pathology Archive. 2009;71(4):11-8 (in Russian)]. 
45. Sugano K, Tack J, Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut. 2015;64(9):1353-67. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309252
46. МКБ-11 для ведения статистики смертности и заболеваемости (Версия: 01/2023). Режим доступа: https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/ru. Ссылка активна на 20.01.2023
[ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (Version: 01/2023). Available at: https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/ru Accessed: 20.01.2023 (in Russian)].

________________________________________________

1. Ivashkin VT, Maev IV, Lapina TL, et al. Clinical Recommendations of Russian Gastroenterological Association and RENDO Endoscopic Society on Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastritis and Duodenitis. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2021;31(4):70-99 (in Russian). DOI:10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-4-70-99
2. Moutier F, Cornet A. Lesgastrites. Masson. Paris. 1955.
3. Morgagni GB. Desidibusetcausismorborumperanatomen indagatislibriquinqe. Venetiis, 1765.
4. Laszlo I, Cseko K, Czimmer J, Mozsik G. Diagnosis of Gastritis – Review from Early Pathological Evaluation to Present Day Management. Current Topics in Gastritis – 2012 [Internet]. Accessed: 16.01.2023. DOI:10.5772/52884
5. Bock OA. The relationship between chronic gastritis, gastric ulceration and carcinoma of the stomach. A historical review. S Afr Med J. 1974;48(49):2063-6. 
6. Carswell. Sir R. Quoted by Schindler. 1838.
7. Laube WO. NervoseDispepsie. Deutsches Archiv für klinische Medizin. 1879;23:98-104. 
8. Fenwick S. On atrophy of the stomach. Lancet. 1870;ii:78-80.
9. Faber K, Bloch CE. Ueber die pathologischen Veranderungen am Digestionstractus bei der perniciosier Anamie und uber die sogenannte Darmatrophie. Ztschr F Klin Med. 1900;40:98.
10. Chanarin I. Historical review: a history of pernicious anaemia. Br J Haematol. 2000;111(2):407-15. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02238.x
11. Komarov FI, Rapoport SI. Rukovodstvo po gastroenterologii. Moscow: Meditsinskoie informatsionnoie agentstvo, 2010 (in Russian).
12. Schäfer PK, Sauerbruch T. Rudolf Schindler (1888–1968) – "father" of gastroscopy. Z Gastroenterol. 2004;42(6):550-6. DOI:10.1055/s-2004-813178
13. Schindler R. Gastritis. L.: William Heinmann (Medical Books), 1947.
14. Cheli R, Dodero M. Sulle alterazioni ghiandolari fundiche nelle gastriti croniche. Ricerche bioetiche e correlazioni anatomo-secretorie. Min Gastroenterol. 1956;4:1-6.
15. Coghill NF, Doniach D, Roitt IM, et al. Autoantibodies in simple atrophic gastritis. Gut. 1965;6(1):48-56. DOI:10.1136/gut.6.1.48
16. Gregory RA, Tracy HJ, Grossman MI, et al. Isolation of canine gastrin. Experientia. 1969;25(4):345-6. DOI:10.1007/BF01899904
17. Cheli R, Perasso A, Giacosa A. Gastritis. A Critical Review. Foreword by BI Hirschowitz. B.,H.: Springer-Verlag. 1987.
18. Jarvi O, Lauren P. On the role of heterotopias of the intestinal epithelium in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1951;29(1):26-44. 
19. Lauren P. The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical classification. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1965;64:31-49. DOI:10.1111/apm.1965.64.1.31
20. Whitehead R, Truelove SC, Gear MW. The histological diagnosis of chronic gastritis in fibreoptic gastroscope biopsy specimens. J Clin Pathol. 1972;25(1):1-11. DOI:10.1136/jcp.25.1.1
21. Strickland RG, Mackay IR. A reappraisal of the nature and significance of chronic atrophic gastritis. Am J Dig Dis. 1973;18(5):426-40. DOI:10.1007/BF01071995
22. Jerzy Glass GB, Pitchumoni CS. Structural and ultrastructural alterations, exfoliative cytology and enzyme cytochemistry and histochemistry, proliferation kinetics, immunological derangements and other causes, and clinical associations and sequallae. Hum Pathol. 1975;6(2):219-50. 
23. Correa P, Haenszel W, Cuello C, et al. A model for gastric cancer epidemiology. Lancet. 1975;2(7924):58-60. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90498-5
24. Correa P. Human gastric carcinogenesis: a multistep and multifactorial process – First American Cancer Society Award Lecture on Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Cancer Res. 1992;52(24):6735-40. 
25. Bordin DS, Shengelia MI, Ivanova VA, Voinovan IN. The history of the discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2022;94(2):283-8 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/00403660.2022.02.201377
26. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, Rokkas T, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht VI/Florence consensus report. Gut. 2022:gutjnl-2022-327745. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327745
27. Bordin DS, Livzan MA, Osipenko MF, et al. Key Points of the Consensus Maastricht VI. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2022;205(9):5-21 (in Russian).
DOI:10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-205-9-5-21
28. Wyatt JI, Dixon MF. Chronic gastritis – a pathogenetic approach. J Pathol. 1988;154(2):113-24. DOI:10.1002/path.1711540203
29. Sobala GM, King RF, Axon AT, Dixon MF. Reflux gastritis in the intact stomach. J Clin Pathol. 1990;43(4):303-6. DOI:10.1136/jcp.43.4.303
30. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, Correa P. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;20(10):1161-81. DOI:10.1097/00000478-199610000-00001
31. Misiewicz JJ. The Sydney System: a new classification of gastritis. Introduction. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;6(3):207-8. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1991.tb01467.x
32. Price AB. The Sydney System: histological division. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;6(3):209-22. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1991.tb01468.x
33. Correa P, Yardley JH. Grading and classification of chronic gastritis: one American response to the Sydney system. Gastroenterology. 1992;102(1):355-9.
DOI:10.1016/0016-5085(92)91820-t
34. Zimmerman IaS. Klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia. Moscow: GeotarMedia, 2009 (in Russian).
35. Rugge M, Genta RM; OLGA Group. Staging gastritis: an international proposal [published correction appears in Gastroenterology]. Gastroenterology. 2005;129(5):1807-8. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.056
36. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O'Morain CA, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection – the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut. 2017;66(1):6-30. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288
37. Aruin LI, Kononov AV, Mozgovoi SI. Novaya Klassifikatsiia khronicheskogo gastrita. Aktual'nyie voprosy patologicheskoi anatomii: Materialy III s"iezda Ros. Obshchestva patologoanatomov. Samara. 2009;1:5-8 (in Russian). 
38. Satoh K, Osawa H, Yoshizawa M, et al. Assessment of atrophic gastritis using the OLGA system. Helicobacter. 2008;13(3):225-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00599.x
39. Ramírez-Mendoza P, González-Angulo J, Ángeles-Garay U, et al. Evaluation of Gastric Atrophy. Comparison between Sidney and OLGA Systems. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2008;46(2):135-9. 
40. Capelle LG, de Vries AC, Haringsma J, et al. The staging of gastritis with the OLGA system by using intestinal metaplasia as an accurate alternative for atrophic gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;71(7):1150-8. DOI:10.1016/j.gie.2009.12.029
41. Shah SC, Piazuelo MB, Kuipers EJ, Li D. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Atrophic Gastritis: Expert Review. Gastroenterology.
2021;161(4):1325-32.e7. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.06.078
42. Rugge M, Fassan M, Pizzi M, et al. Operative link for gastritis assessment vs operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17(41):4596-601. DOI:10.3748/wjg.v17.i41.4596
43. Wei N, Zhong Z, Shi R. A novel method of grading gastric intestinal metaplasia based on the combination of subtype and distribution. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):61. DOI:10.1186/s12935-021-01758-6
44. Aruin LI, Kononov AV, Mozgovoy SI. International classification of chronic gastritis: what to accept or revisit. Pathology Archive. 2009;71(4):11-8 (in Russian). 
45. Sugano K, Tack J, Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut. 2015;64(9):1353-67. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309252
46. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (Version: 01/2023). Available at: https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/ru Accessed: 20.01.2023 (in Russian).

М.А. Ливзан¹, Д.С. Бордин^2–4, О.В. Гаус*¹, М.А. Лисовский¹, С.И. Мозговой¹, А.В. Кононов<sup>1

1</sup>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Омск, Россия;
²ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр им. А.С. Логинова» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы, Москва, Россия;
³ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
⁴ФГБОУ ВО «Тверской государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Тверь, Россия
*gaus_olga@bk.ru

________________________________________________

Maria A. Livzan¹, Dmitry S. Bordin^2–4, Olga V. Gaus*¹, Maksim A. Lisovskiy¹, Sergei I. Mozgovoi¹, Alexei V. Kononov<sup>1

1</sup>Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia;
²Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia;
³Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia;
⁴Tver State Medical University, Tver, Russia
*gaus_olga@bk.ru