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Распространенность и риск мальнутриции у пациентов с хроническим панкреатитом: систематический обзор и метаанализ
© ООО «КОНСИЛИУМ МЕДИКУМ», 2025 г.
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Andreev DN, Khurmatullina AR, Kucheryavyy YuA, Maev IV. Prevalence and risk of malnutrition in patients with chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2025;97(2):185–192. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2025.02.203192
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Материалы и методы. В MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scopus и Российском индексе научного цитирования проведен поиск исследований, опубликованных в период с 1 января 1985 по 23 октября 2024 г. (включительно), на основе анализа названий и аннотаций статей в этих базах данных. Включали релевантные публикации в периодических рецензируемых изданиях на английском или русском языках; публикации с данными о частоте мальнутриции у пациентов с ХП и лиц контроля (при наличии); исследования на взрослой популяции пациентов с ХП; публикации с подробной описательной статистикой, позволяющей включить результирующие данные в метаанализ.
Результаты. В финальный анализ включено 13 исследований с участием 3812 человек (3401 пациент с ХП, 411 – лица контроля). Суммарная распространенность мальнутриции у пациентов с ХП составила 43,43% (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 32,419–54,780), тогда как у лиц контроля – 10,843% (95% ДИ 1,360–27,698). При анализе ассоциативной связи в общем пуле исследований показан значительный риск развития мальнутриции у пациентов с ХП по сравнению с лицами контроля (относительный риск – ОР 3,635, 95% ДИ 1,409–9,373; p=0,008). При анализе использовали модель случайных эффектов, так как выявлена высокая гетерогенность между группами (I2=88,09%, 95% ДИ 74,76–94,38). Анализ исследований, в которых использовались только валидированные инструментальные методы диагностики мальнутриции (критерии Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition), показал, что суммарная распространенность мальнутриции составила 38,348% (95% ДИ 14,975–65,047) у пациентов с ХП и 12,22% (95% ДИ 5,985–67,238) – у лиц контроля.
Заключение. Настоящий метаанализ продемонстрировал, что мальнутриция является достаточно распространенным осложнением ХП и наблюдается примерно у 40% пациентов с данным воспалительным заболеванием поджелудочной железы. Современному клиницисту необходимо вовремя оценивать маркеры мальнутриции у пациента с ХП, а в случае их выявления обязательно корригировать с применением заместительной ферментной терапии.
Ключевые слова: хронический панкреатит, мальнутриция, трофологическая недостаточность, нутритивная недостаточность, экзокринная недостаточность поджелудочной железы, заместительная ферментная терапия
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Aim. To systematize data on the prevalence and risk of malnutrition in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).
Materials and methods. MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Russian Science Citation Index were searched for studies published between January 1, 1985, and October 23, 2024 (inclusive) based on an analysis of the titles and abstracts of articles in these databases. The study included relevant publications in peer-reviewed periodicals in English or Russian, publications with data on the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with CP and control subjects (if any), studies on adult patients with CP, and publications with detailed descriptive statistics that allow using the data in the meta-analysis.
Results. The final analysis included 13 studies involving 3,812 subjects (3,401 patients with CP and 411 controls). The overall prevalence of malnutrition in patients with CP was 43.43% (95% confidence interval [CI] 32.419–54.780), whereas in controls, it was 10.843% (95% CI 1.360–27.698). When analyzing the association in the overall pool of studies, a significant risk of malnutrition in CP patients compared to controls was shown (relative risk [RR] 3.635, 95% CI 1.409–9.373; p=0.008). The analysis used a random effect model, as there was high heterogeneity between the groups (I2=88.09%, 95% CI 74.76–94.38). A review of studies that used only validated instrumental methods for the diagnosis of malnutrition (criteria of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition) showed a total prevalence of malnutrition of 38.348% (95% CI 14.975–65.047) in patients with CP and 12.22% (95% CI 5.985–67.238) in control subjects.
Conclusion. This meta-analysis demonstrated that malnutrition is a common complication of CP and occurs in approximately 40% of CP patients. A modern clinician should promptly assess malnutrition markers in a CP patient and correct them using enzyme replacement therapy if detected.
Keywords: chronic pancreatitis, malnutrition, protein-energy malnutrition, nutritional insufficiency, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, enzyme replacement therapy
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23. Thantry AN, Urooj A, Halumathigatta Nagappa D. Screening of malnutrition using Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool and hand muscle strength in subjects with pancreatitis. Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2022;8(4):314-21. DOI:10.1002/cdt3.48
24. Bannert K, Sautter LF, Wiese ML, et al. Analysis of ESPEN and GLIM algorithms reveals specific drivers for the diagnosis of malnutrition in patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Nutrition. 2023;106:111887. DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2022.111887
25. Hettige C, Senavirathne A, Jayatissa R, Pathirana A. Nutritional assessment of patients with chronic pancreatitis: A single-center study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023;54:514. DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.166
26. Bruns N, Meyer F, Rischmüller K, et al. Nutritional status in patients with chronic pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis is related to disease conditions and not dietary habits. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):4700. DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-54998-7
27. Cederholm T, Jensen GL, Correia MITD, et al.; GLIM Core Leadership Committee, GLIM Working Group. GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition – A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019;10(1):207-17. DOI:10.1002/jcsm.12383
28. Jensen GL, Mirtallo J, Compher C, et al.; International Consensus Guideline Committee. Adult starvation and disease-related malnutrition: A proposal for etiology-based diagnosis in the clinical practice setting from the International Consensus Guideline Committee. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010;34(2):156-9. DOI:10.1177/0148607110361910
29. Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, et al. ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr. 2017;36(1):49-64. DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004
30. Bhullar FA, Faghih M, Akshintala VS, et al.; P-QST Consortium. Prevalence of primary painless chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pancreatology. 2022;22(1):20-9. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2021.11.006. Erratum in: Pancreatology. 2022;22(3):448. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2022.03.003
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1. Löhr JM, Dominguez-Munoz E, Rosendahl J, et al.; HaPanEU/UEG Working Group. United European Gastroenterology evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis (HaPanEU). United European Gastroenterol J. 2017;5(2):153-99. DOI:10.1177/2050640616684695
2. Petrov MS, Yadav D. Global epidemiology and holistic prevention of pancreatitis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(3):175-84. DOI:10.1038/s41575-018-0087-5
3. Machicado JD, Amann ST, Anderson MA, et al. Quality of life in chronic pancreatitis is determined by constant pain, disability/unemployment, current smoking, and associated co-morbidities. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(4):633-42. DOI:10.1038/ajg.2017.42
4. Seicean A, Grigorescu M, Tanţău M, et al. Pain in chronic pancreatitis: Assessment and relief through treatment. Rom J Gastroenterol. 2004;13(1):9-15. PMID:15054520
5. Ghodeif AO, Azer SA. Pancreatic Insufficiency. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555926/ Accessed: 05.09.2024.
6. Kucheryavyy YuA, Andreev DN. Nutritional status in patients with chronic pancreatitis. J Nutr Ther. 2014;3(3):122-3. DOI:10.6000/1929-5634.2014.03.03.3
7. Keller J, Layer P. Human pancreatic exocrine response to nutrients in health and disease. Gut. 2005;54 (Suppl. 6):vi1-28. DOI:10.1136/gut.2005.065946
8. Maev IV, Kucheriavyi IuA. Modern approaches to diagnostics and treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Klinicheskaia Meditsina. 2013;91(9):10-6 (in Russian).
9. Khatkov IE, Maev IV, Abdulkhakov SR, et al. The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2017;89(2):105-13 (in Russian). DOI:10.17116/terarkh2017892105-113
10. Lainscak M, Farkas J, Frantal S, et al. Self-rated health, nutritional intake and mortality in adult hospitalized patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 2014;44(9):813-24. DOI:10.1111/eci.12300
11. Ramai D, Facciorusso A, Maida M, et al. Prevalence of osteopathy in chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2023;14(8):e00623. DOI:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000623
12. Maev IV, Andreev DN, Kucheryavyy YuA, Levchenko AI. The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with chronic pancreatitis: A meta-analysis. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2020;92(12):43-7 (in Russian). DOI:10.26442/00403660.2020.12.200430
13. Andreev DN, Maev IV, Kucheryavyi YuA. Prevalence and risk of bone fractures in patients with chronic pancreatitis: Meta-analysis. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya. 2021;59(1):56-61 (in Russian). DOI:10.47360/1995-4484-2021-56-61
14. Midha S, Singh N, Sachdev V, et al. Cause and effect relationship of malnutrition with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis: prospective case-control study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23(9):1378-83. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05459.x
15. Singh S, Midha S, Singh N, et al. Dietary counseling versus dietary supplements for malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;6(3):353-9. DOI:10.1016/j.cgh.2007.12.040
16. Sathiaraj E, Gupta S, Chutke M, et al. Malnutrition is not an etiological factor in the development of tropical pancreatitis – A case-control study of southern Indian patients. Trop Gastroenterol. 2010;31(3):169-74. PMID: 21560520
17. Regunath H, Shivakumar BM, Kurien A, et al. Anthropometric measurements of nutritional status in chronic pancreatitis in India: Comparison of tropical and alcoholic pancreatitis. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2011;30(2):78-83. DOI:10.1007/s12664-011-0093-9
18. Kucheryavyy YuA, Moskaleva AB, Sviridova AV, et al. Nutritional status as a risk factor for complications of chronic pancreatitis and the development of pancreatic insufficiency. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2012;7:10-6 (in Russian).
19. Ilchenko LYu, Gavrilina NS, Nikitin IG. Clinical types of nutritional status in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2019;47(6):518-24 (in Russian). DOI:10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-065
20. Bourne DM, White H, French JJ, Leeds JS. A retrospective cohort study of nutritional status, nutritional interventions and hospital admissions in patients with chronic pancreatitis managed at a tertiary referral centre. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021;43:290-5. DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.03.038
21. Casares CU, Zamalloa IG, Concejo FB, et al. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, diabetes mellitus and malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis: Data from the Basque-Navarrese registry of chronic pancreatitis (PAN-EUS). Pancreatology. 2022;22(3):e3. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2022.02.012
22. Gopi S, Qamar S, Singh N, et al. Malnutrition by GLIM criteria in chronic pancreatitis: Prevalence, predictors, and its impact on quality of life. Pancreatology. 2022;22(3):367-73. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2022.02.004
23. Thantry AN, Urooj A, Halumathigatta Nagappa D. Screening of malnutrition using Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool and hand muscle strength in subjects with pancreatitis. Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2022;8(4):314-21. DOI:10.1002/cdt3.48
24. Bannert K, Sautter LF, Wiese ML, et al. Analysis of ESPEN and GLIM algorithms reveals specific drivers for the diagnosis of malnutrition in patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Nutrition. 2023;106:111887. DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2022.111887
25. Hettige C, Senavirathne A, Jayatissa R, Pathirana A. Nutritional assessment of patients with chronic pancreatitis: A single-center study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023;54:514. DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.166
26. Bruns N, Meyer F, Rischmüller K, et al. Nutritional status in patients with chronic pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis is related to disease conditions and not dietary habits. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):4700. DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-54998-7
27. Cederholm T, Jensen GL, Correia MITD, et al.; GLIM Core Leadership Committee, GLIM Working Group. GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition – A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019;10(1):207-17. DOI:10.1002/jcsm.12383
28. Jensen GL, Mirtallo J, Compher C, et al.; International Consensus Guideline Committee. Adult starvation and disease-related malnutrition: A proposal for etiology-based diagnosis in the clinical practice setting from the International Consensus Guideline Committee. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010;34(2):156-9. DOI:10.1177/0148607110361910
29. Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Austin P, et al. ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr. 2017;36(1):49-64. DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004
30. Bhullar FA, Faghih M, Akshintala VS, et al.; P-QST Consortium. Prevalence of primary painless chronic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pancreatology. 2022;22(1):20-9. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2021.11.006. Erratum in: Pancreatology. 2022;22(3):448. DOI:10.1016/j.pan.2022.03.003
31. Duggan SN, Conlon KC. A practical guide to the nutritional management of chronic pancreatitis. Pract Gastroenterol. 2013;118:24-32.
32. Chiavarini M, Ricciotti GM, Genga A, et al. Malnutrition-related health outcomes in older adults with hip fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2024;16(7):1069. DOI:10.3390/nu16071069
33. Bansal A, Gupta P, Singh H, et al. Gastrointestinal complications in acute and chronic pancreatitis. JGH Open. 2019;3(6):450-5. DOI:10.1002/jgh3.12185
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1ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия;
2ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москва, Россия;
3АО «Ильинская больница», г.о. Красногорск, Россия
*dna-mit8@mail.ru
________________________________________________
Dmitry N. Andreev*1, Alsu R. Khurmatullina2, Yury A. Kucheryavyy3, Igor V. Maev1
1Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia;
2Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia;
3Ilyinsky Hospital JSC, Krasnogorsk, Russia
*dna-mit8@mail.ru