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Постинсультная спастичность
Постинсультная спастичность
Хасанова Д.Р., Агафонова Н.В., Старостина Г.Х., Крылова Л.В. Постинсультная спастичность. Consilium Medicum. 2016; 18 (2): 31–36. DOI: 10.26442/2075-1753_2016.2.31-36
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Аннотация
У ряда пациентов, несмотря на раннее начало реабилитационных мероприятий (специальные укладки, медикаментозная терапия, лечебная гимнастика, физиотерапия), формируется ранняя постинсультная спастичность. Раннее развитие спастичности в руке усугубляет постинсультный синдром болевого плеча, который наблюдается у 20–40% больных, ухудшает восстановление двигательных функций, приводит к формированию контрактур, влияя в целом на процесс восстановления функций и качество жизни пациента. Одной из широко применяемых лечебных технологий при спастичности является ботулинотерапия. Опыт применения ботулотоксина типа А у пациентов с выявленной ранней постинсультной спастичностью руки в остром и раннем восстановительном периоде инсульта (до 3 мес от дебюта заболевания) показал эффективность ботулинотерапии в комплексном подходе к лечению в сочетании со стандартными методами ранней нейрореабилитации. Было установлено, что применение препаратов ботулотоксина способствовало снижению степени спастичности и значимо уменьшало болевой синдром плеча. Оптимальной дозой ботулотоксина типа А была 1/2 от средней рекомендуемой дозы.
Ключевые слова: инсульт, ранняя постинсультная спастичность, нейрореабилитация.
Key words: stroke, the early post-stroke spasticity, neurorehabilitation.
Ключевые слова: инсульт, ранняя постинсультная спастичность, нейрореабилитация.
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Key words: stroke, the early post-stroke spasticity, neurorehabilitation.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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17. Ulashchik V.S., Lukomskii I.V. Obshchaia fizioterapiia. Minsk: Knizhnyi dom, 2005. [in Russian]
18. Khasanova D.R., Agafonova N.V. Botulinoterapiia pri rannei postinsul'tnoi spastichnosti ruki. Klin. gerontologiia. 2012; 11–12. [in Russian]
19. Khat'kova S.E., Orlova O.R., Timerbaeva S.L. Otsenka klinicheskogo profilia vzroslykh patsientov so spastichnost'iu verkhnei konechnosti, kotorym pokazany in"ektsii botulinicheskogo toksina tipa A (po dannym mezhdunarodnogo issledovaniia). Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2011; 8: 23–6. [in Russian]
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21. Santamato A, Panza F, Ranieri M et al. Efficacy and safety of higher doses of botulinum toxin type A NT 201 free from complexina proteins in the upper and lower limb spasticity after stroke. J Neural Transm 2013; 120: 469–76.
22. Ashworth B. Preliminary trial of carisoprodal in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1964; 192: 540.
23. Ashford S, Turner-Stokes L. Goal attainment for spasticity management using botulinum toxin. Physiother Res Int 2006; 11: 24–34.
24. Ada L, Dorsch S, Canning CG. Streugthening interventions increase strength and improve activity after stroke: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother 2006; 52: 241–8.
25. Jelnik AP, Simon O, Parratte B, Gracies JM. How to clinically assess and treat muscle over activity in spastic paresis. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 801–7.
26. Brashear A. et al. Inter and intrarater reliability of the Ashworth Scale and the Disability Assessment Scale in patients with upper-limb Poststroke spasticity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 1349–54.
27. Bakheit AMO, Pittock S, Moore AP et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin upperlimb spasticity in patients with stroke. Eur J Neurol 2001; 8: 559–65.
28. Barnes MP. An overview of the clinical management of spasticity. In: M.P.Barnes, G.R.Jonson, editors. Upper Motor Neurone Syndrome and Spasticity: Clinical Management and Neurophysiology, 2nd ed New York; Cambridge: University Press, 2008; p. 1–8.
29. Bo Norrving, Brett Kissela. The global burden of stroke, and need for continuum of care. Neurology 2013; 5–10.
30. Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability. Neurology 2013; s1–s4.
31. Borg J, Ward AB, Wissel J et al. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 15–22.
32. Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery, National Stroke Foundation, Аustralian 2005, 2010.
33. Burke D, Wissel J, Donnan GA. Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke. Neurology. 2013; 80: S20–S26.
34. Cardoso E, Pedreira G, Prozerus A et al. Does Botulinum toxin improve toxin the function of the patient with spasticity after stroke? Arg Neuropsiguiater 2007; 65 (3-А): 592–5.
35. Francisco GE, McGuire JR. Poststroke spasticity management. Stroke 2012; 43: 3132–6.
36. Santus G, Faletti S, Bordanzi I et al. Effect of short-term electrical stimulation before and after botulinum toxin injection. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 420–3.
37. Gracies JM. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: Paresis and soft tissue changes. Muscle Nerve 2005; 31: 535–51.
38. Hale LA, Fritz VU, Goodman M. Prolonged static muscle stretch reduces spasticity. S Afr J Physiother 1995; 51: 3–6.
39. Wissel J, Manack A, Brainin M. Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity. Neurology 2013; 80: S13.
40. Kanovsky P et al. Efficacy and safety of repeated NT 201(xeomin, botulinum neurotoxin type A free from complexing proteins) treatments for up to one year in upper limb postroke spasticity. Mov Disord 2009; 24 (Suppl. 1): 452–3.
41. Karadag-Saygi E, Cubukcu-Aydoseli K, Kablan N, Ofluoglu D. The role of kinesiotaping combined with botulinum toxin to reduce plantar flexors spasticity after stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2010; 17: 318–22.
42. Lundström E, Smits A, Terent A, Borg J. Time-course and determinants of spasticity during the first six month following first-ever stroke. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 296–301.
43. Logan LR. Rehabilitation techniques to maximize spasticity management. Top Stroke Rehabil 2011; 18: 203–11.
44. Lundström E et al. Prevalence of disabling spasticity 1 year after first – ever stroke. Eur J Neurol 2008; 533–9.
45. Shaw LC, Price CYM, van Wijck FMJ et al. Botulinum toxin for the Upper Limb After stroke (Bo TULS) Trial Effect on Impairment, Activity Limitation, and Pain. Stroke 2011; 42: 1371–9.
46. Morris S. Ashworth and Tardieu scales: their clinical relevance for measuring spasticity in adult and pediatric neurological populations. Phys Ther Rev 2002; 7: 53–62.
47. Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability. Neurology 2013; p. s1–s4.
48. Ozcakir S, Sivrioglu K. Botulinum toxin in Poststroke Spasticity. Clin Med Res 1998; 5 (2): 132–8.
49. Bakheit AM et al. The profile of patients and current practice of treatment of upper limb muscle spasticity with botulinum toxin type a: an intermational survey. Int J Rehabil Res 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
50. Peter PU, Thomas W, Michael U et al. Occurence and Clinical Predictors of Spasticity After Ischemic Stroke (ENG). Stroke 2012.
51. Zorowitz RD, Gillard PJ, Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: sequelae and burden on stroke survivors and caregivers. Neurology 2013.
52. Rosales RL, Kong KH, Goh KJ et al. Botulinum toxin injection for hypertonicity of the upper extremity within 12 weeks after strole: a randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2014 [Epub ahead of print].
53. Rodriquez AA, McGinn M, Chappell R. Botulinum toxin injection of spastic finger flexors in hemiplegic patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 79: 44–7.
54. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Principles and practice. V2. Fourth edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005; p. 1926.
55. Tardien G, Shentoub S, Delarue R. A la recherché d’une technique de measure de la spasticite. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1954; 91: 143–4.
56. Turner-Stokes L, Baguley LJ, de Graaff S et al. Goal attainment scaling in the evaluation of treatment of upper limb spasticity with botulinum toxin: A secondary analysis from a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 81–9.
57. Urban PP, Wolf T, Vebele M et al. Occurrence and clinical predictors of spasticity after ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010; 41: 2016–20.
58. Van Swieten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC et al. Interobserver agreement for the assescment of handi-cap in stroke patients. Stroke 1988; 19: 604–7.
59. Ward AB. A summary of spasticity management – a treatment algorithm. Eur J Neurol 2002; 9 (Suppl. 1): 48–52.
60. Yeh CY, Tsai KH, Chen JJ. Effect of prolonged muscle stretching with constant torque or constant angle on hypertonic calf muscles. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86: 235–41.
2. Артемьев Д.В., Орлова О.Р., Маренкова А.З. Использование ботокса в медицинской практике. Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С.Корсакова. 2000; 4: 46–51. / Artem'ev D.V., Orlova O.R., Marenkova A.Z. Ispol'zovanie botoksa v meditsinskoi praktike. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2000; 4: 46–51. [in Russian]
3. Азбука ботулинотерапии: научно-практическое издание. Под ред. С.Л.Тимербаевой. М.: Практическая медицина, 2014. / Azbuka botulinoterapii: nauchno-prakticheskoe izdanie. Pod red. S.L.Timerbaevoi. M.: Prakticheskaia meditsina, 2014. [in Russian]
4. Белова А.Н. Нейрореабилитация. Руководство для врачей. М.: Антидор, 2003; с. 736. / Belova A.N. Neiroreabilitatsiia. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. M.: Antidor, 2003; s. 736. [in Russian]
5. Райхель Г. Терапевтическое руководство спастичность – дистонии. 1-е изд. Бремен: УНИ-МЕД, 2013; с. 12–3. / Raikhel' G. Terapevticheskoe rukovodstvo spastichnost' – distonii. 1-e izd. Bremen: UNI-MED, 2013; s. 12–3. [in Russian]
6. Дамулин И.В., Кононенко Е.В., Двигательные нарушения после инсульта: патогенетические и терапевтические аспекты. Consilium Мedicum. 2007; 9 (2). / Damulin I.V., Kononenko E.V., Dvigatel'nye narusheniia posle insul'ta: patogeneticheskie i terapevticheskie aspekty. Consilium Medicum. 2007; 9 (2). [in Russian]
7. Епифанов В.А., Галсанова Е.С. Физическая реабилитация больных с заболеваниями и повреждениями нервной системы. Учебное пособие. М. – Улан-Удэ, 2004; с. 67. / Epifanov V.A., Galsanova E.S. Fizicheskaia reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s zabolevaniiami i povrezhdeniiami nervnoi sistemy. Uchebnoe posobie. M. – Ulan-Ude, 2004; s. 67. [in Russian]
8. Завалишин И.А., Стойда Н.И., Шитокова И.Е. Клиническая характеристика синдрома верхнего мотонейрона. В кн.: Синдром верхнего мотонейрона. Под ред. И.А.Завалишина. Самара: Самар. отд-ние литфонда, 2005; с. 11–5. / Zavalishin I.A., Stoida N.I., Shitokova I.E. Klinicheskaia kharakteristika sindroma verkhnego motoneirona. V kn.: Sindrom verkhnego motoneirona. Pod red. I.A.Zavalishina. Samara: Samar. otd-nie litfonda, 2005; s. 11–5. [in Russian]
9. Кадыков А.С., Черникова Л.А., Шахпаронова Н.В. Реабилитация неврологических больных. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2008. / Kadykov A.S., Chernikova L.A., Shakhparonova N.V. Reabilitatsiia nevrologicheskikh bol'nykh. – M.: MEDpress-inform, 2008. [in Russian]
10. Малахов В.А. Мышечная спастичность при органических заболеваниях нервной системы и ее коррекция. Междунар. неврологический журн. 2010; 5 (35). / Malakhov V.A. Myshechnaia spastichnost' pri organicheskikh zabolevaniiakh nervnoi sistemy i ee korrektsiia. Mezhdunar. nevrologicheskii zhurn. 2010; 5 (35). [in Russian]
11. Одинак М.М., Искра Д.Л., Герасименко Ю.П. Анатомофизиологические аспекты центральных нарушений двигательных функций. Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С.Корсакова. 2003; 6: 68–71. / Odinak M.M., Iskra D.L., Gerasimenko Iu.P. Anatomofiziologicheskie aspekty tsentral'nykh narushenii dvigatel'nykh funktsii. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2003; 6: 68–71. [in Russian]
12. Оценка боли в каждодневной практике и при проведении клинических исследований. Обзоры мировых медицинских журналов на русском языке. Электронный ресурс: http//www.medmir.com/content/view/ 2259/ / Otsenka boli v kazhdodnevnoi praktike i pri provedenii klinicheskikh issledovanii. Obzory mirovykh meditsinskikh zhurnalov na russkom iazyke. Elektronnyi resurs: http//www.medmir.com/content/view/ 2259/ [in Russian]
13. Парфенов В.А. Ведение больных со спастичностью. Рус. мед. журн. 2004; 10: 595–8. / Parfenov V.A. Vedenie bol'nykh so spastichnost'iu. Rus. med. zhurn. 2004; 10: 595–8. [in Russian]
14. Росал Р.Л. Каково оптимальное время для вмешательства, раннее или позднее. Материалы международной конференции «Проблемы в лечении спастичности и их решения: улучшение результатов при использовании ботулинического токсина типа А». Барселона, 2–4 октября 2009 г. / Rosal R.L. Kakovo optimal'noe vremia dlia vmeshatel'stva, rannee ili pozdnee. Materialy mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii «Problemy v lechenii spastichnosti i ikh resheniia: uluchshenie rezul'tatov pri ispol'zovanii botulinicheskogo toksina tipa A». Barselona, 2–4 oktiabria 2009 g. [in Russian]
15. Скворцова В.И., Поляев Б.А., Иванова Г.Е. и др. Основы ранней реабилитации. М.: Литтера, 2006; с. 104. / Skvortsova V.I., Poliaev B.A., Ivanova G.E. i dr. Osnovy rannei reabilitatsii. M.: Littera, 2006; s. 104. [in Russian]
16. Столярова Л.Г., Ткачева Г.Р. Реабилитация больных с постинсультными двигательными расстройствами. М., 1978; с. 278. / Stoliarova L.G., Tkacheva G.R. Reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s postinsul'tnymi dvigatel'nymi rasstroistvami. M., 1978; s. 278. [in Russian]
17. Улащик В.С., Лукомский И.В. Общая физиотерапия. Минск: Книжный дом, 2005. / Ulashchik V.S., Lukomskii I.V. Obshchaia fizioterapiia. Minsk: Knizhnyi dom, 2005. [in Russian]
18. Хасанова Д.Р., Агафонова Н.В. Ботулинотерапия при ранней постинсультной спастичности руки. Клин. геронтология. 2012; 11–12. / Khasanova D.R., Agafonova N.V. Botulinoterapiia pri rannei postinsul'tnoi spastichnosti ruki. Klin. gerontologiia. 2012; 11–12. [in Russian]
19. Хатькова С.Е., Орлова О.Р., Тимербаева С.Л. Оценка клинического профиля взрослых пациентов со спастичностью верхней конечности, которым показаны инъекции ботулинического токсина типа А (по данным международного исследования). Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С.Корсакова. 2011; 8: 23–6. / Khat'kova S.E., Orlova O.R., Timerbaeva S.L. Otsenka klinicheskogo profilia vzroslykh patsientov so spastichnost'iu verkhnei konechnosti, kotorym pokazany in"ektsii botulinicheskogo toksina tipa A (po dannym mezhdunarodnogo issledovaniia). Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2011; 8: 23–6. [in Russian]
20. Хатькова С.Е. Современные тенденции в лечении постинсультной спастичности с использованием ботулинотерапии (диспорт). Журн. неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С.Корсакова. 2012; 8. / Khat'kova S.E. Sovremennye tendentsii v lechenii postinsul'tnoi spastichnosti s ispol'zovaniem botulinoterapii (disport). Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2012; 8. [in Russian]
21. Santamato A, Panza F, Ranieri M et al. Efficacy and safety of higher doses of botulinum toxin type A NT 201 free from complexina proteins in the upper and lower limb spasticity after stroke. J Neural Transm 2013; 120: 469–76.
22. Ashworth B. Preliminary trial of carisoprodal in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1964; 192: 540.
23. Ashford S, Turner-Stokes L. Goal attainment for spasticity management using botulinum toxin. Physiother Res Int 2006; 11: 24–34.
24. Ada L, Dorsch S, Canning CG. Streugthening interventions increase strength and improve activity after stroke: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother 2006; 52: 241–8.
25. Jelnik AP, Simon O, Parratte B, Gracies JM. How to clinically assess and treat muscle over activity in spastic paresis. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 801–7.
26. Brashear A. et al. Inter and intrarater reliability of the Ashworth Scale and the Disability Assessment Scale in patients with upper-limb Poststroke spasticity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 1349–54.
27. Bakheit AMO, Pittock S, Moore AP et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin upperlimb spasticity in patients with stroke. Eur J Neurol 2001; 8: 559–65.
28. Barnes MP. An overview of the clinical management of spasticity. In: M.P.Barnes, G.R.Jonson, editors. Upper Motor Neurone Syndrome and Spasticity: Clinical Management and Neurophysiology, 2nd ed New York; Cambridge: University Press, 2008; p. 1–8.
29. Bo Norrving, Brett Kissela. The global burden of stroke, and need for continuum of care. Neurology 2013; 5–10.
30. Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability. Neurology 2013; s1–s4.
31. Borg J, Ward AB, Wissel J et al. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 15–22.
32. Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery, National Stroke Foundation, Аustralian 2005, 2010.
33. Burke D, Wissel J, Donnan GA. Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke. Neurology. 2013; 80: S20–S26.
34. Cardoso E, Pedreira G, Prozerus A et al. Does Botulinum toxin improve toxin the function of the patient with spasticity after stroke? Arg Neuropsiguiater 2007; 65 (3-А): 592–5.
35. Francisco GE, McGuire JR. Poststroke spasticity management. Stroke 2012; 43: 3132–6.
36. Santus G, Faletti S, Bordanzi I et al. Effect of short-term electrical stimulation before and after botulinum toxin injection. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 420–3.
37. Gracies JM. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: Paresis and soft tissue changes. Muscle Nerve 2005; 31: 535–51.
38. Hale LA, Fritz VU, Goodman M. Prolonged static muscle stretch reduces spasticity. S Afr J Physiother 1995; 51: 3–6.
39. Wissel J, Manack A, Brainin M. Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity. Neurology 2013; 80: S13.
40. Kanovsky P et al. Efficacy and safety of repeated NT 201(xeomin, botulinum neurotoxin type A free from complexing proteins) treatments for up to one year in upper limb postroke spasticity. Mov Disord 2009; 24 (Suppl. 1): 452–3.
41. Karadag-Saygi E, Cubukcu-Aydoseli K, Kablan N, Ofluoglu D. The role of kinesiotaping combined with botulinum toxin to reduce plantar flexors spasticity after stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2010; 17: 318–22.
42. Lundström E, Smits A, Terent A, Borg J. Time-course and determinants of spasticity during the first six month following first-ever stroke. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 296–301.
43. Logan LR. Rehabilitation techniques to maximize spasticity management. Top Stroke Rehabil 2011; 18: 203–11.
44. Lundström E et al. Prevalence of disabling spasticity 1 year after first – ever stroke. Eur J Neurol 2008; 533–9.
45. Shaw LC, Price CYM, van Wijck FMJ et al. Botulinum toxin for the Upper Limb After stroke (Bo TULS) Trial Effect on Impairment, Activity Limitation, and Pain. Stroke 2011; 42: 1371–9.
46. Morris S. Ashworth and Tardieu scales: their clinical relevance for measuring spasticity in adult and pediatric neurological populations. Phys Ther Rev 2002; 7: 53–62.
47. Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability. Neurology 2013; p. s1–s4.
48. Ozcakir S, Sivrioglu K. Botulinum toxin in Poststroke Spasticity. Clin Med Res 1998; 5 (2): 132–8.
49. Bakheit AM et al. The profile of patients and current practice of treatment of upper limb muscle spasticity with botulinum toxin type a: an intermational survey. Int J Rehabil Res 2010 [Epub ahead of print].
50. Peter PU, Thomas W, Michael U et al. Occurence and Clinical Predictors of Spasticity After Ischemic Stroke (ENG). Stroke 2012.
51. Zorowitz RD, Gillard PJ, Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: sequelae and burden on stroke survivors and caregivers. Neurology 2013.
52. Rosales RL, Kong KH, Goh KJ et al. Botulinum toxin injection for hypertonicity of the upper extremity within 12 weeks after strole: a randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2014 [Epub ahead of print].
53. Rodriquez AA, McGinn M, Chappell R. Botulinum toxin injection of spastic finger flexors in hemiplegic patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 79: 44–7.
54. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Principles and practice. V2. Fourth edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2005; p. 1926.
55. Tardien G, Shentoub S, Delarue R. A la recherché d’une technique de measure de la spasticite. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1954; 91: 143–4.
56. Turner-Stokes L, Baguley LJ, de Graaff S et al. Goal attainment scaling in the evaluation of treatment of upper limb spasticity with botulinum toxin: A secondary analysis from a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 81–9.
57. Urban PP, Wolf T, Vebele M et al. Occurrence and clinical predictors of spasticity after ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010; 41: 2016–20.
58. Van Swieten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC et al. Interobserver agreement for the assescment of handi-cap in stroke patients. Stroke 1988; 19: 604–7.
59. Ward AB. A summary of spasticity management – a treatment algorithm. Eur J Neurol 2002; 9 (Suppl. 1): 48–52.
60. Yeh CY, Tsai KH, Chen JJ. Effect of prolonged muscle stretching with constant torque or constant angle on hypertonic calf muscles. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86: 235–41.
________________________________________________
2. Artem'ev D.V., Orlova O.R., Marenkova A.Z. Ispol'zovanie botoksa v meditsinskoi praktike. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2000; 4: 46–51. [in Russian]
3. Azbuka botulinoterapii: nauchno-prakticheskoe izdanie. Pod red. S.L.Timerbaevoi. M.: Prakticheskaia meditsina, 2014. [in Russian]
4. Belova A.N. Neiroreabilitatsiia. Rukovodstvo dlia vrachei. M.: Antidor, 2003; s. 736. [in Russian]
5. Raikhel' G. Terapevticheskoe rukovodstvo spastichnost' – distonii. 1-e izd. Bremen: UNI-MED, 2013; s. 12–3. [in Russian]
6. Damulin I.V., Kononenko E.V., Dvigatel'nye narusheniia posle insul'ta: patogeneticheskie i terapevticheskie aspekty. Consilium Medicum. 2007; 9 (2). [in Russian]
7. Epifanov V.A., Galsanova E.S. Fizicheskaia reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s zabolevaniiami i povrezhdeniiami nervnoi sistemy. Uchebnoe posobie. M. – Ulan-Ude, 2004; s. 67. [in Russian]
8. Zavalishin I.A., Stoida N.I., Shitokova I.E. Klinicheskaia kharakteristika sindroma verkhnego motoneirona. V kn.: Sindrom verkhnego motoneirona. Pod red. I.A.Zavalishina. Samara: Samar. otd-nie litfonda, 2005; s. 11–5. [in Russian]
9. Kadykov A.S., Chernikova L.A., Shakhparonova N.V. Reabilitatsiia nevrologicheskikh bol'nykh. – M.: MEDpress-inform, 2008. [in Russian]
10. Malakhov V.A. Myshechnaia spastichnost' pri organicheskikh zabolevaniiakh nervnoi sistemy i ee korrektsiia. Mezhdunar. nevrologicheskii zhurn. 2010; 5 (35). [in Russian]
11. Odinak M.M., Iskra D.L., Gerasimenko Iu.P. Anatomofiziologicheskie aspekty tsentral'nykh narushenii dvigatel'nykh funktsii. Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2003; 6: 68–71. [in Russian]
12. Otsenka boli v kazhdodnevnoi praktike i pri provedenii klinicheskikh issledovanii. Obzory mirovykh meditsinskikh zhurnalov na russkom iazyke. Elektronnyi resurs: http//www.medmir.com/content/view/ 2259/ [in Russian]
13. Parfenov V.A. Vedenie bol'nykh so spastichnost'iu. Rus. med. zhurn. 2004; 10: 595–8. [in Russian]
14. Rosal R.L. Kakovo optimal'noe vremia dlia vmeshatel'stva, rannee ili pozdnee. Materialy mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii «Problemy v lechenii spastichnosti i ikh resheniia: uluchshenie rezul'tatov pri ispol'zovanii botulinicheskogo toksina tipa A». Barselona, 2–4 oktiabria 2009 g. [in Russian]
15. Skvortsova V.I., Poliaev B.A., Ivanova G.E. i dr. Osnovy rannei reabilitatsii. M.: Littera, 2006; s. 104. [in Russian]
16. Stoliarova L.G., Tkacheva G.R. Reabilitatsiia bol'nykh s postinsul'tnymi dvigatel'nymi rasstroistvami. M., 1978; s. 278. [in Russian]
17. Ulashchik V.S., Lukomskii I.V. Obshchaia fizioterapiia. Minsk: Knizhnyi dom, 2005. [in Russian]
18. Khasanova D.R., Agafonova N.V. Botulinoterapiia pri rannei postinsul'tnoi spastichnosti ruki. Klin. gerontologiia. 2012; 11–12. [in Russian]
19. Khat'kova S.E., Orlova O.R., Timerbaeva S.L. Otsenka klinicheskogo profilia vzroslykh patsientov so spastichnost'iu verkhnei konechnosti, kotorym pokazany in"ektsii botulinicheskogo toksina tipa A (po dannym mezhdunarodnogo issledovaniia). Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2011; 8: 23–6. [in Russian]
20. Khat'kova S.E. Sovremennye tendentsii v lechenii postinsul'tnoi spastichnosti s ispol'zovaniem botulinoterapii (disport). Zhurn. nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S.Korsakova. 2012; 8. [in Russian]
21. Santamato A, Panza F, Ranieri M et al. Efficacy and safety of higher doses of botulinum toxin type A NT 201 free from complexina proteins in the upper and lower limb spasticity after stroke. J Neural Transm 2013; 120: 469–76.
22. Ashworth B. Preliminary trial of carisoprodal in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 1964; 192: 540.
23. Ashford S, Turner-Stokes L. Goal attainment for spasticity management using botulinum toxin. Physiother Res Int 2006; 11: 24–34.
24. Ada L, Dorsch S, Canning CG. Streugthening interventions increase strength and improve activity after stroke: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother 2006; 52: 241–8.
25. Jelnik AP, Simon O, Parratte B, Gracies JM. How to clinically assess and treat muscle over activity in spastic paresis. J Rehabil Med 2010; 42: 801–7.
26. Brashear A. et al. Inter and intrarater reliability of the Ashworth Scale and the Disability Assessment Scale in patients with upper-limb Poststroke spasticity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 1349–54.
27. Bakheit AMO, Pittock S, Moore AP et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin upperlimb spasticity in patients with stroke. Eur J Neurol 2001; 8: 559–65.
28. Barnes MP. An overview of the clinical management of spasticity. In: M.P.Barnes, G.R.Jonson, editors. Upper Motor Neurone Syndrome and Spasticity: Clinical Management and Neurophysiology, 2nd ed New York; Cambridge: University Press, 2008; p. 1–8.
29. Bo Norrving, Brett Kissela. The global burden of stroke, and need for continuum of care. Neurology 2013; 5–10.
30. Brainin M. Poststroke spasticity: Treating to the disability. Neurology 2013; s1–s4.
31. Borg J, Ward AB, Wissel J et al. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 15–22.
32. Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery, National Stroke Foundation, Аustralian 2005, 2010.
33. Burke D, Wissel J, Donnan GA. Pathophysiology of spasticity in stroke. Neurology. 2013; 80: S20–S26.
34. Cardoso E, Pedreira G, Prozerus A et al. Does Botulinum toxin improve toxin the function of the patient with spasticity after stroke? Arg Neuropsiguiater 2007; 65 (3-А): 592–5.
35. Francisco GE, McGuire JR. Poststroke spasticity management. Stroke 2012; 43: 3132–6.
36. Santus G, Faletti S, Bordanzi I et al. Effect of short-term electrical stimulation before and after botulinum toxin injection. J Rehabil Med 2011; 43: 420–3.
37. Gracies JM. Pathophysiology of spastic paresis. I: Paresis and soft tissue changes. Muscle Nerve 2005; 31: 535–51.
38. Hale LA, Fritz VU, Goodman M. Prolonged static muscle stretch reduces spasticity. S Afr J Physiother 1995; 51: 3–6.
39. Wissel J, Manack A, Brainin M. Toward an epidemiology of poststroke spasticity. Neurology 2013; 80: S13.
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Авторы
Д.Р.Хасанова*1,2, Н.В.Агафонова2, Г.Х.Старостина2, Л.В.Крылова3
1 ГБОУ ВПО Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России. 420012, Россия, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49;
2 ГАУЗ Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр. 420101, Россия, Казань, ул. Карбышева, д. 12а;
3 ГАУЗ Госпиталь для ветеранов войн. 423800, Россия, Набережные Челны, наб. Тукая, д. 39
*dhasanova@mail.ru
1 Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 420012, Russian Federation, Kazan, ul. Butlerova, d. 49;
2 Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic Center. 420101, Russian Federation, Kazan, ul. Karbysheva, d. 12a;
3 Hospital for War Veterans. 423800, Russian Federation, Naberezhnye Chelny, nab. Tukaia, d. 39
*dhasanova@mail.ru
1 ГБОУ ВПО Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России. 420012, Россия, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49;
2 ГАУЗ Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр. 420101, Россия, Казань, ул. Карбышева, д. 12а;
3 ГАУЗ Госпиталь для ветеранов войн. 423800, Россия, Набережные Челны, наб. Тукая, д. 39
*dhasanova@mail.ru
________________________________________________
1 Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 420012, Russian Federation, Kazan, ul. Butlerova, d. 49;
2 Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic Center. 420101, Russian Federation, Kazan, ul. Karbysheva, d. 12a;
3 Hospital for War Veterans. 423800, Russian Federation, Naberezhnye Chelny, nab. Tukaia, d. 39
*dhasanova@mail.ru
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