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        • Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ

        Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ

        Белобородов В.Б. Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (3): 27–32. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.3.190215

        ________________________________________________

        Beloborodov V.B. Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-HIV patients. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (3): 27–32. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.3.190215

        Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ

        Белобородов В.Б. Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (3): 27–32. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.3.190215

        ________________________________________________

        Beloborodov V.B. Pneumocystis pneumonia in non-HIV patients. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (3): 27–32. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2019.3.190215

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          Пневмоцистная пневмония у пациентов  без инфекции ВИЧ

        Материалы доступны только для специалистов сферы здравоохранения. Авторизуйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь.

        • Аннотация
        • Полный текст
        • Список литературы
        • Авторы
        Аннотация
        Отмечается рост числа пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ, заболевших пневмоцистной пневмонии, Современные рекомендации по диагностике и  лечению пневмоцистной пневмонии, в основном, разработаны для пациентов, инфицированных ВИЧ, и других пациентов с иммунными нарушениями: гематологических и реципиентов солидных органов. Однако имеется большое количество пациентов с различными иммунными нарушениями, для которых таких рекомендаций не существует. Основным препаратом для лечения всех пациентов с пневмоцистной пневмонией является триметоприм/сульфаметоксазол. Возможности микологической диагностики в рутинной клинической практике очень ограничены и требуют существенного расширения. Высокая вероятность возникновения вспышек пневмоцистной пневмонии у пациентов с иммунными нарушениями, например после трансплантации солидных органов или лечения аутоиммунных заболеваний, требует разработки современного алгоритма диагностики,  рекомендаций по лечению и профилактике пневмоцистной пневмонии у пациентов без инфекции ВИЧ.

        Ключевые слова: пневмоцистная пневмония, диагностика пневмоцистной пневмонии, лечение пневмоцистной пневмонии. 



        ________________________________________________

        The rates of pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) are increasing in the HIV-negative susceptible population. Guidance for the diagnostic and treatment of PcP in patients with HIV, hematologic, and solid-organ transplant recipients is available Although for many other populations with immune disorders there remains an urgent need for recommendations. The main drug for treatment of PcP is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The possibilities of mycological diagnosis in routine clinical practice are very limited and require significant expansion. Outbreaks PcP in immunocompromised patients, likely caused by human-to-human spread, is highlighting the need for efficient infection control policies, sensitive diagnostic assays and Guidance for treatment in not-HIV patients.

        Key words: pneumocystis pneumonia, PcP therapy, PcP diagnosis.



        Полный текст

        Материалы доступны только для специалистов сферы здравоохранения. Авторизуйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь.

        Список литературы
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        ________________________________________________

        1. Johnson NM. Pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1985; 290: 1299–301.
        2. Sepkowitz KA. Opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 1098–107.
        3. Fei MW, Sant CA, Kim EJ et al. Severity and outcomes of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients newly diagnosed with HIV infection: an observational cohort study. Scand J Infect Dis 2009; 41: 672–8.
        4. Iriat X, Challan Belval T, Fillaux J et al. Risk factors of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid Organ recipients in the era of the common use of post transplantation prophylaxis. Am J Transplant 2015; 15: 190–9.
        5. White PL, Backx M, Barnes RA. Diagnosis and management of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2017; 15: 435–47.
        6. Iriart X, Bouar ML, Kamar А, Berry A. Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients. J Fungi 2015; 1: 293–331.
        7. Liu Y, Su L, Jiang SJ, Qu H. Risk factors for mortality from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV patients: A meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8: 59729–39.
        8. Vanek J, Jirovec O. Parasitic pneumonia. Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia of premature, caused by Pneumocystis carinii. Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg 1952; 158: 120–7.
        9. Walzer PD, Perl DP, Krogstad DJ et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the United States. Epidemiologic, diagnostic, and clinical features. Ann Intern Med 1974; 80: 83–93.
        10. Jarboui MA, Mseddi F, Sellami H et al. Pneumocystis: epidemiology and molecular approaches. Pathol Biol 2013; 61: 239–44.
        11. Waks AG, Tolaney SM, Galar A et al. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in patients receiving neoadjuvant and adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy for breast cancer: incidence and risk factors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 154: 359–67.
        12. Roux A, Canet E, Valade S et al. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with or without AIDS, France. Emerging Infect Dis 2014; 20: 1490–7.
        13. Sun J, Su J, Xie Y et al. Plasma IL-6/IL-10 ratio and IL-8, LDH, and HBDH level predict the severity and the risk of death in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016: 1583951–10.
        14. Antinori A, Maiuro G, Pallavicini F et al. Prognostic factors of early fatal outcome and long-term survival in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Eur J Epidemiol 1993; 9: 183–9.
        15. Fernandez P, Torres A, Miro JM et al. Prognostic factors influencing the outcome in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Thorax 1995; 50: 668–71.
        16. Dworkin MS, Hanson DL, Navin TR. Survival of patients with AIDS, after diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, in the United States. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 1409–12.
        17. Schmidt J, Lueck C, Ziesing S et al. Clinical course, treatment and outcome of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised adults: a retrospective analysis over 17 years. Critical Care 2018; 22: 307.
        18. Fillatre P, Decaux O, Jouneau S et al. Incidence of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia among groups at risk in HIV-negative patients. Am J Med 2014; 127: 1242.e11–7.
        19. Bienvenu A-L, Traore K, Plekhanova I et al. Pneumocystis pneumonia suspected cases in 604 non-HIV and HIV patients. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 46: 11–7.
        20. Yu Q, Jia P, Su L et al. Outcomes and prognostic factors of non- HIV patients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and pulmonary CMV co-infection: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17: 392.
        21. Kofteridis DP, Valachis A, Velegraki M et al. Predisposing factors, clinical characteristics and outcome of Pneumonocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative patients. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20: 412–6.
        22. Roblot F, Godet C, Le Moal G et al. Analysis of underlying diseases and prognosis factors associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised HIV-negative patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21: 523–31.
        23. Datta S, Mahal S, Ravat V et al. Hospitalization Outcomes in Pneumocystis Pneumonia Inpatient Population: A Comparison between HIV and Non-HIV Patients. Cureus 2018; 10 (8): e3082.
        24. Guo F, Chen Y, Yang S-L et al. Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected and immunocompromised non-HIV infected patients: a retrospective study of two centers in China. PLoS One 2014; 9: e101943.
        25. Bitar D, Lortholary O, Le Strat Y et al. Population-based analysis of invasive fungal infections, France, 2001–2010. Emerging Infect Dis 2014; 20: 1149–55.
        26. Rosen MJ, Clayton K, Schneider RF et al. Intensive care of patients with HIV infection: utilization, critical illnesses, and outcomes. Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Study Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155: 67–71.
        27. Boldt MJ, Bai TR. Utility of lactate dehydrogenase vs radiographic severity in the differential diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Chest 1997; 111: 1187–92.
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        Авторы
        В.Б.Белобородов

        ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия
        vb_beloborodov@mail.ru


        ________________________________________________

        Vladimir B. Beloborodov

        Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
        vb_beloborodov@mail.ru



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