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Гендерные аспекты профилактики и скрининга колоректального рака у женщин
Гендерные аспекты профилактики и скрининга колоректального рака у женщин
Материалы доступны только для специалистов сферы здравоохранения. Авторизуйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь.
Аннотация
В статье представлен обзор современных данных об особенностях этиологии и патогенеза колоректального рака у женщин в пери- и постменопаузе. Обсуждается защитная роль женских половых гормонов в отношении рака толстой кишки. Изложены принципы профилактики и скрининга колоректального рака у женщин в пери- и постменопаузе.
Ключевые слова: колоректальный рак, менопауза, эстрогеновые рецепторы, гормональные контрацептивы, комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, заместительная гормональная терапия, профилактика и скрининг рака толстой кишки.
Key words: colorectal cancer, menopause, estrogen receptors, prevention and screening for colorectal cancer, hormonal contraceptives, combined oral contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy, prevention and screening for colorectal cancer.
Ключевые слова: колоректальный рак, менопауза, эстрогеновые рецепторы, гормональные контрацептивы, комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, заместительная гормональная терапия, профилактика и скрининг рака толстой кишки.
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Key words: colorectal cancer, menopause, estrogen receptors, prevention and screening for colorectal cancer, hormonal contraceptives, combined oral contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy, prevention and screening for colorectal cancer.
Полный текст
Список литературы
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3. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (14): 1701.
4. Ascenzi P, Bocedi A, Marino M. Structure-function relationship of estrogen receptor a and b: impact on human health. Mol Aspects Med 2006; 27: 299–402.
5. Bandera CA, Takahashi H, Behbakht K et al. Deletion mapping of two potential chromosome 14 tumor suppressor gene loci in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 513–5.
6. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15 (5): 489–98.
7. Budhathoki S, Joshi AM, Ohnaka K et al. Soy food and isoflavone intake and colorectal cancer risk: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46 (2): 165–72.
8. Burki NG, Caduff R, Walt H et al. Comparative genomic hybridisation of fine needle aspirates from breast carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2000; 15: 607–13.
9. Caiazza F, Galluzzo P, Lorenzetti S, Marino M. 17b-estradiol induces ERb up-regulation via p38/MAPK activation in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 359: 102–7.
10. Campbell-Thompson M, Lynch IJ, Bhardwaj B. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes and ERbeta isoforms in colon cancer. Cancer Res 2001; 61 (2): 632–40.
11. Chlebowski RT, Wactawski-Wende J, Ritenbaugh C et al. Estrogen plus progestin and colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 2004; 350 (10): 991–1004.
12. Comalada M et al. The effects of short-chain fatty acids on colon epithelial proliferation and survival depend on the cellular phenotype. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2006; 132 (8): 487–97.
13. Csizmadi I, Collet JP, Benedetti A et al. The effects of transdermal and oral oestrogen replacement therapy on colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Br J Cancer 2004; 90 (1): 76–81.
14. DeCosse JJ, Ngoi SS, Jacobson JS, Cennerazzo WJ. Gender and colorectal cancer. Gender and colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 1993 (prev. 2): 105–15.
15. Deroo BJ, Korach K. Estrogen receptors and human disease. J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 561–70.
16. Edvardsson K, Ström A, Jonsson P et al. Estrogen receptor b induces antiinflammatory and antitumorigenic networks in colon cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25 (6): 969–79.
17. Enmark E, Pelto-Huikko M, Grandien K et al. Human estrogen receptor b-gene structure,chromosome localization, expression pattern. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 4258–65.
18. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Balducci A et al. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2001; 84 (5): 722–7.
19. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer. Epidemiology 1998; 9 (3): 295–300.
20. Foley EF, Jazaeri AA, Shupnik MA et al. Selective loss of estrogen receptor in malignant human colon. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 245–8.
21. Gallo D, De Stefano I, Grazia Prisco M et al. Curr Pharm Des. Estrogen receptor beta in cancer: an attractive target for therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 2012; 18 (19): 2734–57.
22. Galluzzo P, Caiazza F, Moreno S, Marino M. Role of ERb palmitoylation in the inhibition of human colon cancer cell proliferation. Endocr-Relat Cancer 2007; 14: 153–67.
23. Grodstein F, Newcomb PA, Stampfer MJ. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 1999; 106 (5): 574–82.
24. Guo JY, Li X, Browning JD et al. Dietary soy isoflavones and estrone protect ovariectomized ER-KO and wild-type mice from carcinogen-induced colon cancer. J Nutr 2004; 134: 179–82.
25. Gustafsson J. ER! scientific visions translate to clinical uses. Climacteric 2006; 69: 156–60.
26. Harris HA, Albert LM, Leathurby Yet al. Evaluation of an estrogen receptor-b agonist in animal models of human disease. Endocrinology 2003; 144: 4241–9.
27. Harriss DJ, Atkinson G, George K et al. Lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk (1): systematic review and meta-analysis of associations with body mass index. Colorectal Dis 2009; 11 (6): 547–63.
28. Hebert-Croteau N. A meta-analysis of hormone replacement therapy and colon cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7 (8): 653–9.
29. Hewitt S, Couse JF, Korach KS. Estrogen receptor transcription and transactivation: Estrogen receptor knockout mice: what their phenotypes reveal about mechanisms of estrogen action. Breast Cancer Res 2000; 2: 345–52.
30. Hildebrand JS, Jacobs EJ, Campbell PT et al. Colorectal cancer incidence and postmenopausal hormone use by type, recency, and duration in cancer prevention study II. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18 (11): 2835–41.
31. Hoffmeister M, Raum E, Winter J et al. Hormone replacement therapy, body mass, and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women from Germany. Br J Cancer 2007; 97 (11): 1486–92.
32. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Rev 2011; 1975–2008.
33. Issa JP, Ottaviano YL, Celano P et al. Methylation of the oestrogen receptor CpG island links ageing and neoplasia in human colon. Nat Genet 1994; 7: 536–40.
34. Jemal A et al. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin 2004; 54: 8–29.
35. Kasahara K, Taguchi T, Yamasaki I et al. Detection of genetic alterations in advanced prostate cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2002; 137: 59–63.
36. Koehler KF, Helguero LA, Haldosén LA et al. Reflections on the discovery and significance of estrogen receptor b. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 465–78.
37. Konstantinopoulos PA, Kominea A, Vandoros G et al. Oestrogen receptor b (ER b) is abundantly expressed in normal colonic mucosa, but declines in colon adenocarcinoma paralleling the tumour's dedifferentiation. Eur J Cancer 2003; 39: 1251–8.
38. Larsson SC, Wolk A. Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86 (3): 556–65.
39. McCashland TM, Brand R, Lyden E, de Garmo P. CORI Research Project. Gender differences in colorectal polyps and tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 882–6.
40. Moghaddam AA, Woodward M, Huxley R. Obesity and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 31 studies with 70,000 events. Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16 (12): 2533–47.
41. Moutsatsou P. The spectrum of phytoestrogens in nature:our knowledge is expanding. Hormones 2007; 6: 173–93.
42. Nanda K, Bastian LA, Hasselblad V, Simel DL. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93 (5 Pt. 2): 880–8.
43. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
44. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
45. Niv Y, Hazazi R, Levi Z, Fraser G. Screening colonoscopy for asymptomatic population; a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53: 3049–55.
46. Parkin DM, Boyd L, Walker LC. The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010. Br J Cancer 2011; 105 (S2): S77–S81.
47. Picariello L et al. Growth response of colon cancer cell lines to selective estrogen receptor modulators. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 2419–24.
48. Pischon T, Lahmann PH, Boeing H et al. Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98 (13): 920–31.
49. Qaseem A, Denberg TD, Hopkins RH et al. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Screening for colorectal cancer: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156 (5): 378–86.
50. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371 (9612): 569–78.
51. Rossouw JE et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321–33.
52. Rudolph A, Toth C, Hoffmeister M et al. Expression of oestrogen receptor b and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 107 (5): 831–9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.323.
53. Soderlund S, Granath F, Brostrцm O et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 1697–703.
54. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Br J Cancer 2010; 103 (11): 1755–9.
55. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2011; 128 (8): 1881–9.
56. Wada-Hiraike O, Imamov O, Hiraike H et al. Role of estrogen receptor b in colonic epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 2959–64.
57. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Ho MN et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup. N Engl J Med 1993; 329 (27): 1977–81.
58. World Gastroenterology Organisation, Practice Guideline – Colorectal cancer screening, 2008.
59. Xie LQ, Yu JP, Luo HS. Expression of estrogen receptor in human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 214–7.
60. Young J, Legget B, Gustafson C et al. Genomic instability occurs in colorectal carcinomas but not inadenomas. Hum Mutat 1993; 2: 351–4.
2. Adlercreutz H. Phyto-oestrogens and cancer. Lancet Oncol 2002; 3: 364–73.
3. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (14): 1701.
4. Ascenzi P, Bocedi A, Marino M. Structure-function relationship of estrogen receptor a and b: impact on human health. Mol Aspects Med 2006; 27: 299–402.
5. Bandera CA, Takahashi H, Behbakht K et al. Deletion mapping of two potential chromosome 14 tumor suppressor gene loci in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 513–5.
6. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15 (5): 489–98.
7. Budhathoki S, Joshi AM, Ohnaka K et al. Soy food and isoflavone intake and colorectal cancer risk: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46 (2): 165–72.
8. Burki NG, Caduff R, Walt H et al. Comparative genomic hybridisation of fine needle aspirates from breast carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2000; 15: 607–13.
9. Caiazza F, Galluzzo P, Lorenzetti S, Marino M. 17b-estradiol induces ERb up-regulation via p38/MAPK activation in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 359: 102–7.
10. Campbell-Thompson M, Lynch IJ, Bhardwaj B. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes and ERbeta isoforms in colon cancer. Cancer Res 2001; 61 (2): 632–40.
11. Chlebowski RT, Wactawski-Wende J, Ritenbaugh C et al. Estrogen plus progestin and colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 2004; 350 (10): 991–1004.
12. Comalada M et al. The effects of short-chain fatty acids on colon epithelial proliferation and survival depend on the cellular phenotype. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2006; 132 (8): 487–97.
13. Csizmadi I, Collet JP, Benedetti A et al. The effects of transdermal and oral oestrogen replacement therapy on colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Br J Cancer 2004; 90 (1): 76–81.
14. DeCosse JJ, Ngoi SS, Jacobson JS, Cennerazzo WJ. Gender and colorectal cancer. Gender and colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 1993 (prev. 2): 105–15.
15. Deroo BJ, Korach K. Estrogen receptors and human disease. J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 561–70.
16. Edvardsson K, Ström A, Jonsson P et al. Estrogen receptor b induces antiinflammatory and antitumorigenic networks in colon cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25 (6): 969–79.
17. Enmark E, Pelto-Huikko M, Grandien K et al. Human estrogen receptor b-gene structure,chromosome localization, expression pattern. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 4258–65.
18. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Balducci A et al. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2001; 84 (5): 722–7.
19. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer. Epidemiology 1998; 9 (3): 295–300.
20. Foley EF, Jazaeri AA, Shupnik MA et al. Selective loss of estrogen receptor in malignant human colon. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 245–8.
21. Gallo D, De Stefano I, Grazia Prisco M et al. Curr Pharm Des. Estrogen receptor beta in cancer: an attractive target for therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 2012; 18 (19): 2734–57.
22. Galluzzo P, Caiazza F, Moreno S, Marino M. Role of ERb palmitoylation in the inhibition of human colon cancer cell proliferation. Endocr-Relat Cancer 2007; 14: 153–67.
23. Grodstein F, Newcomb PA, Stampfer MJ. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 1999; 106 (5): 574–82.
24. Guo JY, Li X, Browning JD et al. Dietary soy isoflavones and estrone protect ovariectomized ER-KO and wild-type mice from carcinogen-induced colon cancer. J Nutr 2004; 134: 179–82.
25. Gustafsson J. ER! scientific visions translate to clinical uses. Climacteric 2006; 69: 156–60.
26. Harris HA, Albert LM, Leathurby Yet al. Evaluation of an estrogen receptor-b agonist in animal models of human disease. Endocrinology 2003; 144: 4241–9.
27. Harriss DJ, Atkinson G, George K et al. Lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk (1): systematic review and meta-analysis of associations with body mass index. Colorectal Dis 2009; 11 (6): 547–63.
28. Hebert-Croteau N. A meta-analysis of hormone replacement therapy and colon cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7 (8): 653–9.
29. Hewitt S, Couse JF, Korach KS. Estrogen receptor transcription and transactivation: Estrogen receptor knockout mice: what their phenotypes reveal about mechanisms of estrogen action. Breast Cancer Res 2000; 2: 345–52.
30. Hildebrand JS, Jacobs EJ, Campbell PT et al. Colorectal cancer incidence and postmenopausal hormone use by type, recency, and duration in cancer prevention study II. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18 (11): 2835–41.
31. Hoffmeister M, Raum E, Winter J et al. Hormone replacement therapy, body mass, and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women from Germany. Br J Cancer 2007; 97 (11): 1486–92.
32. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Rev 2011; 1975–2008.
33. Issa JP, Ottaviano YL, Celano P et al. Methylation of the oestrogen receptor CpG island links ageing and neoplasia in human colon. Nat Genet 1994; 7: 536–40.
34. Jemal A et al. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin 2004; 54: 8–29.
35. Kasahara K, Taguchi T, Yamasaki I et al. Detection of genetic alterations in advanced prostate cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2002; 137: 59–63.
36. Koehler KF, Helguero LA, Haldosén LA et al. Reflections on the discovery and significance of estrogen receptor b. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 465–78.
37. Konstantinopoulos PA, Kominea A, Vandoros G et al. Oestrogen receptor b (ER b) is abundantly expressed in normal colonic mucosa, but declines in colon adenocarcinoma paralleling the tumour's dedifferentiation. Eur J Cancer 2003; 39: 1251–8.
38. Larsson SC, Wolk A. Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86 (3): 556–65.
39. McCashland TM, Brand R, Lyden E, de Garmo P. CORI Research Project. Gender differences in colorectal polyps and tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 882–6.
40. Moghaddam AA, Woodward M, Huxley R. Obesity and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 31 studies with 70,000 events. Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16 (12): 2533–47.
41. Moutsatsou P. The spectrum of phytoestrogens in nature:our knowledge is expanding. Hormones 2007; 6: 173–93.
42. Nanda K, Bastian LA, Hasselblad V, Simel DL. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93 (5 Pt. 2): 880–8.
43. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
44. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
45. Niv Y, Hazazi R, Levi Z, Fraser G. Screening colonoscopy for asymptomatic population; a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53: 3049–55.
46. Parkin DM, Boyd L, Walker LC. The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010. Br J Cancer 2011; 105 (S2): S77–S81.
47. Picariello L et al. Growth response of colon cancer cell lines to selective estrogen receptor modulators. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 2419–24.
48. Pischon T, Lahmann PH, Boeing H et al. Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98 (13): 920–31.
49. Qaseem A, Denberg TD, Hopkins RH et al. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Screening for colorectal cancer: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156 (5): 378–86.
50. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371 (9612): 569–78.
51. Rossouw JE et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321–33.
52. Rudolph A, Toth C, Hoffmeister M et al. Expression of oestrogen receptor b and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 107 (5): 831–9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.323.
53. Soderlund S, Granath F, Brostrцm O et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 1697–703.
54. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Br J Cancer 2010; 103 (11): 1755–9.
55. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2011; 128 (8): 1881–9.
56. Wada-Hiraike O, Imamov O, Hiraike H et al. Role of estrogen receptor b in colonic epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 2959–64.
57. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Ho MN et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup. N Engl J Med 1993; 329 (27): 1977–81.
58. World Gastroenterology Organisation, Practice Guideline – Colorectal cancer screening, 2008.
59. Xie LQ, Yu JP, Luo HS. Expression of estrogen receptor in human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 214–7.
60. Young J, Legget B, Gustafson C et al. Genomic instability occurs in colorectal carcinomas but not inadenomas. Hum Mutat 1993; 2: 351–4.
2. Adlercreutz H. Phyto-oestrogens and cancer. Lancet Oncol 2002; 3: 364–73.
3. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291 (14): 1701.
4. Ascenzi P, Bocedi A, Marino M. Structure-function relationship of estrogen receptor a and b: impact on human health. Mol Aspects Med 2006; 27: 299–402.
5. Bandera CA, Takahashi H, Behbakht K et al. Deletion mapping of two potential chromosome 14 tumor suppressor gene loci in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 513–5.
6. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15 (5): 489–98.
7. Budhathoki S, Joshi AM, Ohnaka K et al. Soy food and isoflavone intake and colorectal cancer risk: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46 (2): 165–72.
8. Burki NG, Caduff R, Walt H et al. Comparative genomic hybridisation of fine needle aspirates from breast carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2000; 15: 607–13.
9. Caiazza F, Galluzzo P, Lorenzetti S, Marino M. 17b-estradiol induces ERb up-regulation via p38/MAPK activation in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 359: 102–7.
10. Campbell-Thompson M, Lynch IJ, Bhardwaj B. Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes and ERbeta isoforms in colon cancer. Cancer Res 2001; 61 (2): 632–40.
11. Chlebowski RT, Wactawski-Wende J, Ritenbaugh C et al. Estrogen plus progestin and colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 2004; 350 (10): 991–1004.
12. Comalada M et al. The effects of short-chain fatty acids on colon epithelial proliferation and survival depend on the cellular phenotype. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2006; 132 (8): 487–97.
13. Csizmadi I, Collet JP, Benedetti A et al. The effects of transdermal and oral oestrogen replacement therapy on colorectal cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Br J Cancer 2004; 90 (1): 76–81.
14. DeCosse JJ, Ngoi SS, Jacobson JS, Cennerazzo WJ. Gender and colorectal cancer. Gender and colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 1993 (prev. 2): 105–15.
15. Deroo BJ, Korach K. Estrogen receptors and human disease. J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 561–70.
16. Edvardsson K, Ström A, Jonsson P et al. Estrogen receptor b induces antiinflammatory and antitumorigenic networks in colon cancer cells. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 25 (6): 969–79.
17. Enmark E, Pelto-Huikko M, Grandien K et al. Human estrogen receptor b-gene structure,chromosome localization, expression pattern. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 4258–65.
18. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Balducci A et al. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2001; 84 (5): 722–7.
19. Fernandez E, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of colorectal cancer. Epidemiology 1998; 9 (3): 295–300.
20. Foley EF, Jazaeri AA, Shupnik MA et al. Selective loss of estrogen receptor in malignant human colon. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 245–8.
21. Gallo D, De Stefano I, Grazia Prisco M et al. Curr Pharm Des. Estrogen receptor beta in cancer: an attractive target for therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 2012; 18 (19): 2734–57.
22. Galluzzo P, Caiazza F, Moreno S, Marino M. Role of ERb palmitoylation in the inhibition of human colon cancer cell proliferation. Endocr-Relat Cancer 2007; 14: 153–67.
23. Grodstein F, Newcomb PA, Stampfer MJ. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 1999; 106 (5): 574–82.
24. Guo JY, Li X, Browning JD et al. Dietary soy isoflavones and estrone protect ovariectomized ER-KO and wild-type mice from carcinogen-induced colon cancer. J Nutr 2004; 134: 179–82.
25. Gustafsson J. ER! scientific visions translate to clinical uses. Climacteric 2006; 69: 156–60.
26. Harris HA, Albert LM, Leathurby Yet al. Evaluation of an estrogen receptor-b agonist in animal models of human disease. Endocrinology 2003; 144: 4241–9.
27. Harriss DJ, Atkinson G, George K et al. Lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk (1): systematic review and meta-analysis of associations with body mass index. Colorectal Dis 2009; 11 (6): 547–63.
28. Hebert-Croteau N. A meta-analysis of hormone replacement therapy and colon cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7 (8): 653–9.
29. Hewitt S, Couse JF, Korach KS. Estrogen receptor transcription and transactivation: Estrogen receptor knockout mice: what their phenotypes reveal about mechanisms of estrogen action. Breast Cancer Res 2000; 2: 345–52.
30. Hildebrand JS, Jacobs EJ, Campbell PT et al. Colorectal cancer incidence and postmenopausal hormone use by type, recency, and duration in cancer prevention study II. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18 (11): 2835–41.
31. Hoffmeister M, Raum E, Winter J et al. Hormone replacement therapy, body mass, and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women from Germany. Br J Cancer 2007; 97 (11): 1486–92.
32. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Rev 2011; 1975–2008.
33. Issa JP, Ottaviano YL, Celano P et al. Methylation of the oestrogen receptor CpG island links ageing and neoplasia in human colon. Nat Genet 1994; 7: 536–40.
34. Jemal A et al. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin 2004; 54: 8–29.
35. Kasahara K, Taguchi T, Yamasaki I et al. Detection of genetic alterations in advanced prostate cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2002; 137: 59–63.
36. Koehler KF, Helguero LA, Haldosén LA et al. Reflections on the discovery and significance of estrogen receptor b. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 465–78.
37. Konstantinopoulos PA, Kominea A, Vandoros G et al. Oestrogen receptor b (ER b) is abundantly expressed in normal colonic mucosa, but declines in colon adenocarcinoma paralleling the tumour's dedifferentiation. Eur J Cancer 2003; 39: 1251–8.
38. Larsson SC, Wolk A. Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86 (3): 556–65.
39. McCashland TM, Brand R, Lyden E, de Garmo P. CORI Research Project. Gender differences in colorectal polyps and tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 882–6.
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41. Moutsatsou P. The spectrum of phytoestrogens in nature:our knowledge is expanding. Hormones 2007; 6: 173–93.
42. Nanda K, Bastian LA, Hasselblad V, Simel DL. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93 (5 Pt. 2): 880–8.
43. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
44. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
45. Niv Y, Hazazi R, Levi Z, Fraser G. Screening colonoscopy for asymptomatic population; a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53: 3049–55.
46. Parkin DM, Boyd L, Walker LC. The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010. Br J Cancer 2011; 105 (S2): S77–S81.
47. Picariello L et al. Growth response of colon cancer cell lines to selective estrogen receptor modulators. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 2419–24.
48. Pischon T, Lahmann PH, Boeing H et al. Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98 (13): 920–31.
49. Qaseem A, Denberg TD, Hopkins RH et al. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Screening for colorectal cancer: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156 (5): 378–86.
50. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371 (9612): 569–78.
51. Rossouw JE et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321–33.
52. Rudolph A, Toth C, Hoffmeister M et al. Expression of oestrogen receptor b and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 107 (5): 831–9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.323.
53. Soderlund S, Granath F, Brostrцm O et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 1697–703.
54. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Br J Cancer 2010; 103 (11): 1755–9.
55. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2011; 128 (8): 1881–9.
56. Wada-Hiraike O, Imamov O, Hiraike H et al. Role of estrogen receptor b in colonic epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 2959–64.
57. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Ho MN et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup. N Engl J Med 1993; 329 (27): 1977–81.
58. World Gastroenterology Organisation, Practice Guideline – Colorectal cancer screening, 2008.
59. Xie LQ, Yu JP, Luo HS. Expression of estrogen receptor in human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 214–7.
60. Young J, Legget B, Gustafson C et al. Genomic instability occurs in colorectal carcinomas but not inadenomas. Hum Mutat 1993; 2: 351–4.
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36. Koehler KF, Helguero LA, Haldosén LA et al. Reflections on the discovery and significance of estrogen receptor b. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 465–78.
37. Konstantinopoulos PA, Kominea A, Vandoros G et al. Oestrogen receptor b (ER b) is abundantly expressed in normal colonic mucosa, but declines in colon adenocarcinoma paralleling the tumour's dedifferentiation. Eur J Cancer 2003; 39: 1251–8.
38. Larsson SC, Wolk A. Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86 (3): 556–65.
39. McCashland TM, Brand R, Lyden E, de Garmo P. CORI Research Project. Gender differences in colorectal polyps and tumors. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 882–6.
40. Moghaddam AA, Woodward M, Huxley R. Obesity and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 31 studies with 70,000 events. Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16 (12): 2533–47.
41. Moutsatsou P. The spectrum of phytoestrogens in nature:our knowledge is expanding. Hormones 2007; 6: 173–93.
42. Nanda K, Bastian LA, Hasselblad V, Simel DL. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93 (5 Pt. 2): 880–8.
43. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
44. Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Hampton JM, Newcomb PA. Oral contraceptive use, reproductive factors, and colorectal cancer risk: findings from Wisconsin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (5): 1212–8.
45. Niv Y, Hazazi R, Levi Z, Fraser G. Screening colonoscopy for asymptomatic population; a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2008; 53: 3049–55.
46. Parkin DM, Boyd L, Walker LC. The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010. Br J Cancer 2011; 105 (S2): S77–S81.
47. Picariello L et al. Growth response of colon cancer cell lines to selective estrogen receptor modulators. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 2419–24.
48. Pischon T, Lahmann PH, Boeing H et al. Body size and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98 (13): 920–31.
49. Qaseem A, Denberg TD, Hopkins RH et al. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Screening for colorectal cancer: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156 (5): 378–86.
50. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M et al. Body-mass index and incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 2008; 371 (9612): 569–78.
51. Rossouw JE et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 321–33.
52. Rudolph A, Toth C, Hoffmeister M et al. Expression of oestrogen receptor b and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 107 (5): 831–9. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.323.
53. Soderlund S, Granath F, Brostrцm O et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 1697–703.
54. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Oral contraceptives, reproductive history and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Br J Cancer 2010; 103 (11): 1755–9.
55. Tsilidis KK, Allen NE, Key TJ et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2011; 128 (8): 1881–9.
56. Wada-Hiraike O, Imamov O, Hiraike H et al. Role of estrogen receptor b in colonic epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 2959–64.
57. Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Ho MN et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup. N Engl J Med 1993; 329 (27): 1977–81.
58. World Gastroenterology Organisation, Practice Guideline – Colorectal cancer screening, 2008.
59. Xie LQ, Yu JP, Luo HS. Expression of estrogen receptor in human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 214–7.
60. Young J, Legget B, Gustafson C et al. Genomic instability occurs in colorectal carcinomas but not inadenomas. Hum Mutat 1993; 2: 351–4.
Авторы
Ю.Б.Успенская, И.В.Кузнецова
ГБОУ ВПО Первый МГМУ им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава РФ
ГБОУ ВПО Первый МГМУ им. И.М.Сеченова Минздрава РФ
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Цель портала OmniDoctor – предоставление профессиональной информации врачам, провизорам и фармацевтам.